Abordagem FEW Nexus (nexo água-energia-alimento) para o desenvolvimento sustentável através dos ODS da ONU

Objective/Purpose: To analyze how the FEW Nexus Approach can contribute to the promotion of sustainable development, having the UN SDGs as a goal and serve as a new epistemological and ontological approach in solving problems related to a complex reality of the present day, such as the sustainable development. Design/methodology/approach: Literature review on the current state of research involving the use of the FEW Nexus Approach, from a global overview to the research scenario on the subject in Brazil. The characterization of the FEW Nexus approach was also made, and its connection with the concepts of sustainable development. Results: It was demonstrated that the FEW Nexus approach, when related to the concept of sustainable development, can seek in the Sustainable Development Goals the tangible goals that, eventually, this paradigm is criticized for not offering. The analysis helps to understand how, from this perspective, FEW Nexus considers the tradeoffs in the management of natural resources, the possibilities for directing public policies and social and economic programs, using the UN SDGs as targets. Originality/Value: Demonstrate the applicability of the FEW Nexus Approach within Applied Social Sciences, where this approach is used much less frequently compared to the Hard Sciences. Possibility of offering a contribution to the elaboration of public policies that can address a crucial problem for sustainability, which is the attack on poverty in Brazil and worldwide.Objetivo/Finalidade: Analisar como a Abordagem do FEW Nexus pode contribuir na promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável, tendo os ODS da ONU como meta e servir como uma nova abordagem epistemológica e ontológica na resolução de problemas relacionados a uma realidade complexa dos dias atuais, como o desenvolvimento sustentável. Desenho/metodologia/abordagem: Revisão da literatura sobre o estado atual das pesquisas envolvendo o uso da Abordagem do FEW Nexus, a partir de um panorama global até o cenário da pesquisa sobre o tema no Brasil. Também foi feita a caracterização da abordagem de FEW Nexus, e sua ligação com os conceitos do desenvolvimento sustentável. Resultados: Se demonstrou que abordagem de FEW Nexus, quando relacionada ao conceito de  desenvolvimento sustentável, pode buscar nos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável as metas tangíveis que, eventualmente, este paradigma é criticado por não oferecer. A análise auxilia no entendimento de como, nessa perspectiva, o FEW Nexus considera os tradeoffs na gestão de recursos naturais, as possibilidades de direcionamento de políticas públicas e programas sociais e econômicos, utilizando como metas os ODS da ONU. Originalidade/valor: Demonstrar a aplicabilidade da Abordagem do FEW Nexus dentro das Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, onde essa abordagem é utilizada numa frequência muito menor em comparação às Ciências exatas. Possibilidade de oferecer uma contribuição para a elaboração de política públicas que possam atender um problema crucial para a sustentabilidade, que é o ataque a pobreza em nível de Brasil e mundial

Environmental sustainability in milk-producing family farms in the micro-region of Carazinho-RS

Milk production in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul has been particularly prominent among family farmers. Given the need to diversify production in their small farms, family farmers consider dairy farming a potential alternative to increase family income. However, the environmental dimension is often sidelined when implementing or maintaining this agricultural activity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the environmental sustainability of milk-producing family farms in the microregion of Carazinho-RS in order to identify the environmental reality in these properties. A total of 167 properties were sampled from the ten municipalities that have the most significant dairy production in the microregion. The environmental sustainability index of the properties was identified by applying a questionnaire. Research results showed that the microregion studied has a regular environmental sustainability index. This indicates the need for some adjustments, mainly in the indicators ‘land use’ and ‘legal reserve’, which were the ones that most compromised their environmental sustainability index

A method for capturing customers’ preferences for housing customisation

The housebuilding sector has used mass production systems and reduced portfolios for many decades in different countries, countering the constant changes in society, resulting in neglecting the increasing diversity of customers’ requirements. Housebuilding companies should be able to meet this requirement’s diversity by offering a higher product variety and at the same time maintaining costs within market expectations. Mass customisation strategies have been presented as efficient alternatives to keep the balance between fulfilling clients’ specific needs and maintaining reasonable prices in housing by focusing on value generation. Moreover, there are limited ways of increasing value generation in housing considering its tradeoff with product cost, emphasising the need for the delimitation of a set of options (i.e.: solution space) adequate to customers’ preferences. Some research opportunities highlighted in the literature for adopting mass customisation in housing include solution space clear definition and the need for methods to explore the value perceived in product alternatives and reduce trade-offs between preferences and choice complexity. Accordingly, the main aim of this investigation is to propose a method for capturing customers’ preferencess and supporting customer integration in mass customisation strategies for housing. The design science approach was used as methodological underpinning for building the solution in this investigation. This thesis was structured in three academic papers. The first paper provides an overview of the available practices in house building and focuses on developing a framework of customer integration and core decision categories that support the definition of mass customisation strategies. In the second paper, a method for identifying customers’ preferences and support solution space definition was proposed, based on preference modelling and willingness-to-pay approaches regarding customer value and its balance with operations costs. In paper 3, another method is presented by adapting menu-based choice for housing and its implementation in an empirical study. The main contributions of this thesis include the method for capturing customers’ preferences, a framework of decision categories, and approaches for modelling customers willingness-to-pay for customised housing

PRODUTIVIDADE E CARACTERÍSTICAS REPRODUTIVAS DO ARUANÃ, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES: OSTEOGLOSSIDAE), NO LAGO GRANDE, BACIA DO RIO PUTUMAYO, PERU

Due to the importance of ornamental fishing of silver arowana, as well as, Lago Grande lake as one of the main areas for capturing baby arowanas in Peru, the present study aimed to evaluate the productivity and the biological-reproductive characteristics of the species in the lake, which is located in the lower basin of the Putumayo River and represents an area preferred by fishermen because the important populations of silver arowana inhabiting it. Analysis of population density, biometrics, sexual maturity, spawning, fecundity, sex ratio, water level of the lake and production of baby arowana were made. The study was developed between March and July of 2012 and to implement the activities of the study was important the participation of the Association of Fishermen “Fronteras Vivas”. In general, the population density extrapolated to the lake area was 1.29 fish/ha. Of these, the density of progenitors in the lake was 1.19 fish/ha. Also, male animals had total length, standard length and total weight higher than females and it was observed that the spawning period occurred in synchronization with the start of the growing of the hydrological regime. The average number of oocytes produced by females of silver arowana in the study area was 201 and the sex ratio was equilibrated. Furthermore, the study shows the capacity of production of the lake. In order to this the water lever influenced in the production of baby arowanas. It is important to continue studying the species for regulate the fishing and recover populations.Keywords: baby arowana; production; ornamental trade; length of first sexual maturity; fishing.Devido à importância da pesca ornamental de aruanã, e da lagoa Lago Grande como uma das principais áreas para a captura de alevinos de aruanã no Peru, o presente estudo tive como objetivo avaliar a produtividade e as características reprodutivas na espécie na lagoa, a mesma que está localizada na bacia baixa do Rio Putumayo e representa uma das áreas de pesca preferidas pela importante população de aruanã que a habitam. Foram feitas análises de densidade populacional, biometria, maturidade sexual, desova, fecundidade, proporção sexual, níveis da água na lagoa e sobre a produção de alevinos de aruanã. O estudo foi desenvolvido entre março a julho de 2012 e as atividades foram realizadas em parceria com a Agrupação de Pescadores “Fronteras Vivas”. De modo geral, a densidade populacional extrapolada à área da lagoa foi de 1.29 peixes∕ha. Daqueles, a densidade de progenitores na lagoa foi de 1.19 peixes∕ha. Além disso, os machos tiveram comprimento total e padrão e peso total maior do que as fêmeas, e foi observado que o período de desova ocorreu em sincronia com o início da crescente no nível das águas. A média de oocitos produzidos por fêmeas de aruanã foi de 201 e a proporção sexual foi equilibrada. Assim mesmo, o estudo mostra a capacidade de produção da lago. Nesse sentido, o nível da água influenciou na produção de alevinos de aruanã. É importante continuar os estudos da espécie para regulamentar a pesca e recuperar populações.Palavras-chave: alevinos de aruanã, produção, comércio ornamental, comprimento de primeira maturidade sexual, pesca

A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach to the Assessment of Natural Parks’ Economic Efficiency and Sustainability. The Case of Italian National Parks

Wilderness protection is a growing necessity for modern societies, and this is particularly true for areas where population density is extremely high, as for example Europe. Conservation, however, implies very high opportunity costs. It is thus crucial to create incentives to efficient management practices, to promote benchmarking and to improve conservation management. In the present paper we propose a methodology based on Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA, a non parametric benchmarking technique specifically developed to assess the relative efficiency of decision-making units. In particular, the objective of the discussed methodology is to assess the relative efficiency of the management units of the protected area and to indicate how it could be improved, by providing a set of guidelines. The main advantage of this methodology is that it allows to assess the efficiency of natural parks’ management not only internally (comparing the performance of the park to itself in time) but also by external benchmarking, thus providing new and different perspectives on potential improvements. Although the proposed methodology is fairly general, we have applied it to the context of Italian National Parks in order to produce a representative case study. Specifically, the choice of adequate cost and benefit indicators is a very important and delicate phase of any benchmark analysis. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used to investigate the opinions of Italian National Parks managers and stakeholders and to define the relevant indicators for the analysis. Finally, relevant policy implications for the case study are given.Data envelopment analysis, Natural park management

Gateway to the Sandias: Building with Site and Climate

Cities in the American Southwest such as Albuquerque, New Mexico consume large amounts of resources to build buildings and to operate them under extreme desert conditions. Architecture is the opportunity to investigate thresholds between urban and nature additionally inside and outside for solutions to natural resource depletion. In-between spaces often divided between inside and outside with a simplistic and arbitrary line. By viewing architecture as an ecotone, a transition space between two different ecosystems, designers can begin to stratify the threshold allowing for layered adaptability in different weather conditions. The Sandia Mountain Aerial Tram, at the eastern edge of Albuquerque offers opportunity for investigating a desert mountain ecotone to find solutions to the conflict between urban and nature as well as the built and wild. The building program examines the threshold between botany and land art approaches to the disruption of desert ecotone and natural resource depletion. The disciplines of botany and land art span the sciences and arts and offer innovative ways of looking at our natural environment

the case of Brazil

The authors are grateful for the participation of the people who sent photos of the localities affected by the oil spill disaster and are also grateful for the support of the Laboratory of Cartography of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (GeoCart-UFRJ). Specifically, Dra. Raquel Souto is grateful for the assistance granted by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, through the Brazilian National Post-doctoral Program, which made it possible to carry out this and other research on participatory mapping in the last three years. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias. All rights reserved.Many maritime disasters lead to oil pollution, which undermines ecosystem balance, human health, the prosperity of countries and coastal areas across borders, and people’s livelihoods. This is a problem that affects the whole world. Governments must strive to ensure that operations in the marine environment are safe and avoid oil pollution by adopting methods that anticipate future scenarios to mitigate the effects of this pollution when it occurs. This study investigates a method of managing contaminated coastal areas, aiming to contribute to the management of the environmental crisis caused by disasters through the use of online collaborative mapping by volunteer collaborators. Volunteer collaborators have been sending georeferenced data and photographs of locations affected by pollution.publishersversionpublishe

Traditional knowledge and use of mammals in a rural community in the Sertaneja depression (Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil)

94-103Mammal species are important populations of the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. However, these species may be over-exploited, meaning that ethno zoological studies are vital to ensure that the appropriate conservation strategies are applied. This research aimed to collect and analyze data relating to the local knowledge and use of these mammals obtained through semi-structured questionnaires. The study was carried out in the municipality of Lagoa, Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil. Data were analyzed by calculating the general, potential, and current use values. The medium use values of the species were also calculated, as well as the fidelity level of the information and the rank-order priority. Twenty-three animals were recorded, of which twenty were identified at the species level. From interviews with local people, Dasypus novemcinctus was the most cited species. However, Mazama gouazoubira was the most important in terms of current use. The uses of animals fell into four categories: food, captive breeding, zooterapic, and artisanal. Food was the most cited category, including 19 species, 16 of which at the 100% fidelity level. More in-depth studies are needed to obtain further data on the uses of species in order to develop strategies to mitigate possible local extinction and inform sustainable plans for the use of fauna resources in the region

Strategic Environmental Assessment For Planning Sugarcane Expansion: A Framework Proposal

The Brazilian sugarcane industry has experienced a rapid expansion during the 2000s. The prediction of the sugarcane crop expansion in the coming decades raises controversy about social and environmental impacts, which are partially evaluated in the current energy planning. In order to integrate these discussions to the decision-making, this article aims at presenting a Strategic Environmental Assessment framework to support the sugarcane expansion planning as presented in the national Decennial Energy Plan. The main positive aspects of this framework include: the integration of environmental, social and economic issues providing strategic focus and sustainability to the decision-making; the proposition of sustainability indicators whose data are available for watershed scale; and guidelines for analyzing alternative scenarios established in the energy planning. The authors believe this framework allows integrating sustainability into the decision-making of the sugarcane expansion planning supported by the Strategic Environmental Assessment.192679

Ethnobiology of snappers (Lutjanidae): target species and suggestions for management

In this study, we sought to investigate the biology (diet and reproduction) and ethnobiology (fishers knowledge and fishing spots used to catch snappers) of five species of snappers (Lutjanidae), including Lutjanus analis, Lutjanus synagris, Lutjanus vivanus, Ocyurus chrysurus, and Romboplites saliens at five sites along the northeast (Riacho Doce, Maceió in Alagoas State, and Porto do Sauípe, Entre Rios at Bahia State) and the southeast (SE) Brazilian coast (Paraty and Rio de Janeiro cities at Rio de Janeiro State, and Bertioga, at São Paulo State.)