Effect of Photoperiodicity on Co2 Fixation by Chlorella Vulgaris Buitenzorg in Bubble Column Photobioreactor for Food Supplement Production

To reduce the level of CO2 content in air, effort on converting CO2 to useful products is required. One of thealternatives includes CO2 fixation to produce biomass using Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg. Chlorella vulgarisBuitenzorg is applied for production of food supplement. Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg is also easy to handle due to itssuperior adaptation. Currently, Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg has been analyzed by some experts for its cellularcomposition, its ability to produce high quality biomass and the content of essential nutrition. A series of experimentswas conducted by culturing Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg using Beneck medium in bubbling column photobioreactor.The main variation in this experiment was photoperiodicity, where growth of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg wasexamined during photoperiodicity condition. The difference between CO2 gas concentration of inlet and outlet of thereactor during operational period, was compared to the same experiment under continuous illumination. Underphotoperiodicity of 8 and 9 h/d, the culture cell densities (N) were approximately 40 % higher than under continuousillumination. Final biomass density of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg at 9 h/d illumination was 1.43 g/dm3, around 46%higher than under continuous illumination. Specific carbon dioxide transfer rate (qCO2) in photoperiodicity was 50-80%higher than under continuous illumination. These experiments showed that photoperiodicity affects the growth ofChlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg The specific growth rate (μ) by photoperiodicity was higher than that by continuousilumination while the growth period was two times longer. Based on the experiments, it can be concluded thatphotoperiodicity might save light energy consumption. The prediction of kinetic model under continuous illuminationas well as under photoperiodicity illumination showed that Haldane model became the fitted kinetic model

Traditionaly utilization of Selaginella; field research and literature review

Setyawan AD. 2009. Traditionaly utilization of Selaginella; field research and literature review. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 146-154. The aims of this research were to find out traditional usage of Selaginella in medication and its other usages, especially in Java and other Indonesian Archipelago. About 200 of 700-750 world species of Selaginella was found in Indonesian Archipelago. Field research and literature review indicated that Selaginella is used traditionally to heal wound, bloody stools, internal hemorrhoid bleeding, menstrual and uterine discomfiture, blood expediting, enhancing body endurance and longevity of live, headache, etc. Besides that some of Selaginellas are also used as raw dishes vegetable, ornamental pants, base materials and crafts. The utilization of Selaginella is very little against its amount of species and medicinal potency, so it is needed an advance study on ethnobotany and phytochemistry to improve its uses. Key word: traditional medicines, herbal, ethnobotany, Selaginella

Notes on Seychelles mosses : 6., a generic revision of Clastobryophilum M. Fleisch. (Sematophyllaceae, Bryopsida)

The genus Clastobryophilum M. Fleisch. (Sematophyllaceae, Bryopsida) is reviewed, and two species are maintained: C. bogoricum (Bosch & Sande Lac.) M.Fleisch. and C. balansaeanum (Besch.) Broth. C. rufo-viride (Besch.) M.Fleisch. of Madagascar and Seychelles, the only African species, becomes a synonym of the Asian C. bogoricum, as does C. asperifolium (Thwaites & Mitt.) B.C.Tan of Sri Lanka. Several collections named as Clastobryophilum, including the type of C. bogoricum var. laevibogoricum (Dixon) Seki in Nog., are excluded from the genus

Traditionally utilization of Selaginella; field research and literature review

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat Selaginella dalam pengobatan tradisional dan pemanfaatan lainnya, melalui penelitian lapangan dan telaah pustaka, khususnya di Jawa dan Kepulauan Nusantara. Sebanyak 200 dari 700-750 spesies Selaginella hadir di Kepulauan Nusantara. Secara tradisional Selaginella digunakan untuk mengobati luka, pendarahan, gangguan menstruasi dan kandungan, memperlancar peredaran darah, meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh, memperpanjang usia, mengobati sakit kepala dan lain-lain. Di samping itu beberapa jenis Selaginella juga digunakan sebagai sayuran (lalapan), tanaman hias, dan bahan baku kerajinan tangan. Pemanfaatan Selaginella sangat terbatas dibanding jumlah jenis dan potensi manfaat obatnya, sehingga diperlukan kajian etnobotani dan fitokimia lebih mendalam untuk meningkatkan pemanfaatannya. Kata kunci: obat tradisional, tanaman obat, etnobotani, Selaginella, Jawa

ON THE MAMMALS OF ENGGANO

Buitenzorg, Jav

A type catalogue of Campylopodioideae and Paraleucobryoideae (Musci, Dicranaceae) : part 2, Campylopus

All species of Campylopus Brid. are listed, including citations of basionyms and homotypic synonyms, completed by citation of the type specimen and its location, as well as the current use or other uses of the name

A revision of the genus Radulina W.R.Buck & B.C.Tan (Sematophyllaceae: Bryopsida)

The palaeotropic moss genus Radulina W.R.Buck & B.C.Tan is revised, resulting in the genus being reduced to four species and one variety. The following 14 names become synonyms of the oldest name in the genus, Radulina borbonica (Bél.) W.R.Buck: Hypnum hamatum Dozy & Molk., Sematophyllum subinstratum Besch., Hypnum trachyamphorum Müll.Hal., Sigmatella hamicuspis Müll.Hal. in Paris, nom. nud., Trichosteleum borbonicum var. brachycarpum Renauld & Cardot, Trichosteleum subtile Broth. & Watts, Trichosteleum aequoreum M.Fleisch. ex Dixon, Trichosteleum elegantissimum M.Fleisch., Trichosteleum elegantissima var. scabriseta M.Fleisch., Trichosteleum hamatum var. glabriseta M.Fleisch., Trichosteleum hamatum var. tuberculisetum M.Fleisch., Trichosteleum carolinarum Dixon, Trichosteleum neocaledonicum Thér, Trichosteleum flexuosa-hamatum Dixon. In addition, three of these taxa are lectotypified: Trichosteleum subtile Broth. & Watts, Trichosteleum aequoreum M.Fleisch. ex Dixon and Trichosteleum hamatum var. tuberculisetum M.Fleisch. The following are new combinations: Radulina borbonica var. ferriei (Cardot & Thér. in Thér.) O’Shea (= Radulina hamata var. ferriei (Cardot & Thér. in Thér.) B.C.Tan & Y.Jia), Radulina sematophylloides (Dixon) O’Shea (= Trichosteleum sematophylloides Dixon) and Trichosteleum koghiense (Thér.) O’Shea (= Trichosteleum neocaledonicum var. koghiense Thér.)

Bangsawan Prampoewan Enlightened Peranakan Chinese Women From Early Twentieth Century Java

The end of the nineteenth century witnessed paradox among the Chinese in colonial Java. On one hand, they were prospering economically, but were nonetheless held in contempt by the Dutch, encountered legal discrimination and faced challenges if they wanted to educate their children in European schools. Their marginal position motivated them do their utmost to become “civilized subjects”, on a par with Europeans, but they were also inspired to reinvent their Chinese identity. This contribution will highlight role played by “enlightened” Chinese, the kaoem moeda bangsa Tjina. Central to this movement were the Chinese girls known to the public as bangsawan prampoewan (the noblewomen), who wrote letters the newspaper and creating a gendered public sphere. They also performed western classical music in public. Considering the inspirational impact of bangsawan prampoewan's enlightening achievements on non-Chinese women, it is appropriate to include them into the narrative of the history of the nation's women's movements

Kota Bogor studi tentang perkembangan ekologi kota (abad ke-19 sampai abad ke-20) = The City of Bogor: Study on the Development of City Ecology (19th - 20th Century)

The development of the city of Bogor was preceded on VOC\u27s period and then was continued on Dutch colonial psriod. On VOC\u27s period, Bogor in earl, just as a settlement then as a place of the local economical activity. For the next period, that region wasgait to be the position of the administration of the VOC government with administration status as a regency, that is a Kampung Baru regency (the first name used to be Bogor regency now). As an embryo of the Bogor development became a city appeared at the same period from the General Governor of Baron W. van Imhoff make the part of that region as a resort. He developed a "villa" with park. That region was put by a name "Buitenzorg" (a Dutch\u27s name that means "nobusiness \u27). In the beginning of the ninetsenth century appeared the important change in Buitenzorg, that initiated as a resort of the General Governor, since that period it was finished to be a legal General Governor\u27s resident. The government administration activity moved to there. By opening to the government officss, research instituitions, and education had made the more possibilities to European people entered to Buitenzorg. Such as opening it, the economic line and transportation facilities connected one region to the other regions had driven to appear the social and economic dynamic. In the middle of the nineteenth century the development of the city was signed by the increasingly of the opening of the Buitenzorg region for private companies and foreign capitalinvestment. This point had the possibilities for European people Chineses, East\u27s foreigripeo- ple entered to Buitenzorg increasingly. Tie logic conseguencies of-that fact was the entering of the capital flow, employment, technology, transportation network, social-economic organizations, and so on.-Because of the resident of the European people carried influence to development of the ecological city with planning, management, and living facilities that conterfeited to the European style, inCluding the government administration system with a lot of set and their regulations. On the hand, the living facilities in the city. such as the educa- tional facilities, health, entertainment, work opportunities, and another public services had driven to appearing the urbanization process as mmigration from the village to the city. Key words: ecology - urbanization - function of city

Pengaruh Jalur Kereta Api Batavia-Buitenzorg Terhadap Kehidupan Sosial Dan Ekonomi Masyarakat Batavia Tahun 1871-1913

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum mengenai pembangunan transportasi kereta api di wilayah Jawa bagian Barat tepatnya di Keresidenan Batavia hingga Buitenzorg tahun 1871-1913, gambaran umum tentang kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi masyrakat Batavia tahun 1871- 1913, dampak dari adanya transportasi kereta api di Karesidenan Batavia tahun 1871-1913. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian historis, sehingga langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi heuristik, kritik sumber baik intern maupun ekstern, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi dokumen yang di dapat dalam koleksi arsip Perpustakaan Nasional Jakarta dan Badan Perpustakaan Arsip Daerah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan studi pustaka yang berupa buku dan beberapa tulisan ilmiah yang tentang kereta api dan Kota Batavia. Dari pengumpulan data, kemudian data dianalisa dan diinterpretasikan berdasarkan kronologisnya. Untuk menganalisis data, digunakan pendekatan ilmu sosial yang lain sebagai ilmu bantu ilmu sejarah. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan ekonomi, dan sosiologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan perluasan jaringan kereta api kolonial di Jawa berlangsung dari abad 19-20 yang bertujuan untuk memoderenisasi sistem transportasi dan pengangkutan secara massal sekaligus cepat, serta bertujuan untuk membuka daerah pedalaman. Pembangunan jalur kereta api NISM di wilayah Batavia mengeksplorasi wilayah-wilayah pedalaman, seperti Depok, Tjitajam, dan lain-lain. Hal ini menajadikan bebrapa daerah yang di eksporasi oleh NISM memilik peranan penting. Seperti wilayah Depok. Pembangunan jalur kereta api membutuhkan banyak sekali tenaga kerja atau buruh untuk pembukaan lahan-lahan yang sulit untuk di jangkau, karena wilayah Buitenzorg dikelilingi oleh perbukitan dan beberapa pegunungan. Pembangunan jalur kereta api NISM di Jawa Barat memberikan dampak dampak ekonomi dan dampak sosial terhadap wilayah yang dijadikan stasiun tersebut. Wilayah-wilayah yang dijadikan stasiun atau tempat pemberhentian kereta memberikan peluang bagi masyarakat sekitar untuk berdagang atau untuk menjadi kuli angkut di stasiun. Kata Kunci: Jalur, Kereta, Batavi