Revealing Zion\u27s Daughters: Women in Puritan Jurisprudence

The legal status of American women has consistently been portrayed as a linear progression flowing from a colonial jurisprudential repression and exclusion to a modern-day legal equity and a female influence within every aspect of justice. In this narrative of sequentially gained status, seventeenth-century Puritan law has stood as the exemplar of America’s most repressive jurisprudential treatment of women. However, when its characteristics are triangulated and its subordination of women is juxtaposed with its inclusion of a female voice, a new conception of America’s first legal system is seen. The notion of a linear progression is thus replaced with an understanding that the modern day equity enjoyed by women is a product of extensive legal fluctuation. Puritan women were clearly characterized as the subordinate gender and their secondary status evidenced in the symbolic silencing of heretical females and in legal coverture. However, stemming from the Puritan concept of a “Godly-society” attained through equitable legal status, New England women enjoyed liberal divorce laws and a significant presence within the court room when compared with contemporary England and the nineteenth century jurisprudence, which relegated women to the non-public sphere. Thus, as Laurel Thatcher Ulrich emphasizes, we “need to move from static concepts like “patriarchal New England society” to more intricate questions about the interplay of values and practice over time. Zion’s daughters have for too long been hidden.

Race and Gender Discrimination: A Historical Case for Equal Treatment Under the Fourteenth Amendment

It was we, the people, not we, the white male citizens, nor yet we, the male citizens, but we, the whole people, who formed this Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people--women as well as men. --Susan B. Anthony 1 Under the common law of both England and the United States, a married woman enjoyed a legal status only slightly better than that of a slave. Until the mid-nineteenth century, in no state could a married American woman own property, make a will, inherit, sue or be sued, enter into a contract, or exercise any other of her most basic civil rights. Even single and widowed women, many of whom owned large amounts of property, were deprived of political rights: they could not vote, hold office, or sit on a jury. The gradual dissolution of women\u27s inferior legal status began with the passage of married women\u27s property laws, beginning before the Civil War and continuing throughout the twentieth century. In an even more brutal fashion, the institution of slavery stripped Black Americans of all their human, civil, political, and social rights. 2 In Dred Scott v. Sanford the Supreme Court determined that, even if Blacks were free, they were not citizens of the United States. 3 This Supreme Court ruling was superseded by the passage of the Thirteenth and the Fourteenth ..

Mobilizing Mother: From Good Mother to Patriotic Mother in World War I

The American press played a key role in the Wilson administration’s effort to craft an image of the Patriotic Mother of the Great War. The Patriotic Mother of a soldier was encouraged to assume the mantle of the Spartan Mother. This monograph contrasts the Spartan Mother archetype used by the government and the press to another wartime maternal archetype, that of Thetis, the mother of Achilles, who objected to her son’s participation in the Trojan War. U.S. mothers of soldiers were socially and politically positioned to assume the role outlined by the Wilson administration and advocated by the news media

Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter Fall 2003

Table of Contents: From the Director: Refurbishments (Robin Wagner); Friends Enhance New Browsing Room; Save the Date: Weiser to Speak on Fraktur at Fall Friends Event (Reverend Fredrick Weiser ’57); Cooper Fund Supports Browsing Collection (Thomas Yost Cooper, Ty Cooper); Asian Art Collection to Be Available Online (Katherine Gallup ’02); Gift Enables Purchase of Health and Exercise Science Books (Elizabeth Wescott, Richard Wescott); Watanabe Paintings Exhibited in Library (Sadao Watanable, Father Glen H. Bowersox ’42); Lincoln Exhibit Coming to Musselman Library; Report of Gifts 2002-2003; Jen Chesney Chosen as Library Intern (Jennifer L Chesney ’03, Richard A. Arms, Barbara Holley ’54); Women’s League Records Archived in Special Collections (Katie Gallup ’02, Karen Drickamer, Christine Ameduri, Jennifer Chesney ’03); Library Supports Migrant Education (Janelle Wertzberger); Vietnam is Focus of Fortenbaugh Intern (Joseph Tucker ’03, Stephen H. Warner ’68); Outstanding Foreign Films; Notable Recent Purchases for Special Collections; Poorhouse Records for Genealogists (J. Matthew Gallman

Race and Gender Discrimination: A Historical Case for Equal Treatment Under the Fourteenth Amendment

It was we, the people, not we, the white male citizens, nor yet we, the male citizens, but we, the whole people, who formed this Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people--women as well as men. --Susan B. Anthony 1 Under the common law of both England and the United States, a married woman enjoyed a legal status only slightly better than that of a slave. Until the mid-nineteenth century, in no state could a married American woman own property, make a will, inherit, sue or be sued, enter into a contract, or exercise any other of her most basic civil rights. Even single and widowed women, many of whom owned large amounts of property, were deprived of political rights: they could not vote, hold office, or sit on a jury. The gradual dissolution of women\u27s inferior legal status began with the passage of married women\u27s property laws, beginning before the Civil War and continuing throughout the twentieth century. In an even more brutal fashion, the institution of slavery stripped Black Americans of all their human, civil, political, and social rights. 2 In Dred Scott v. Sanford the Supreme Court determined that, even if Blacks were free, they were not citizens of the United States. 3 This Supreme Court ruling was superseded by the passage of the Thirteenth and the Fourteenth ..

\u3cem\u3eBeyond Therapy\u3c/em\u3e: A Dramaturgical Look at Christopher Durang\u27s Absurdist Play

This research notebook (also known as a dramaturgy notebook) was created as a class project for an advanced Theatre History course. We were asked to choose one play to study throughout the semester with the ultimate goal of creating a dramaturgy notebook that would be usable for a production team were we to produce our show of choice. Having a great interest in Christopher Durang and his work, I chose to study Beyond Therapy. We were asked specifically to write a biography on our chosen playwright, a historical context essay, an essay about themes present in the show, and an essay commenting on published criticisms on various performances of the show. Beyond that, we were also asked to write two supplements that might be found in a dramaturgy notebook. For this portion of the assignment I chose to write a press release covering the fictional Linfield production, and to create a question and answer section culminating in some interview questions published on Durang’s website. While the notebook as a whole serves to provide context for a production team, each section of the notebook has its own stand-alone function. In 2014, this research was presented at the Kennedy Center American College Theatre Festival (Region VII) in Boise, Idaho and was awarded first runner-up in the dramaturgy category

AN OVERVIEW OF WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE AND WOMEN’S ROLES IN THE UNITED STATES DURING BOTH WORLD WARS

The purpose of this research is to show that the role of American women in the workplace was forever changed due to World War I and World War II. It begins by giving an overview of the time period before World War I and clearly states the roles that women played. The thesis then goes on to discuss the battle that women fought for women\u27s suffrage, the roles that women were given during World War I, and how those roles were unlike anything they had ever experienced before. The thesis then discusses what life for women was like during the post-war years, the rights that they gained, and the time period of the Great Depression. The thesis concludes by discussing the lives of American women throughout World War II and how the opportunities that they were given during World War I helped provide more opportunities for them during the second war and also the years beyond it

Women and War: St. Petersburg Women During World War II

During World War II, government agencies and private businesses recruited millions of American women for employment in wartime industries and in other nontraditional fields when the nation’s young men left for war. Government propaganda, national periodicals, and local newspapers worked in unison to promote female employment, and popular songs like “Rosie the Riveter” inspired allegiance on the home front. In a radical departure from previously sanctioned public behavior, older, married women— many with children— entered the country’s labor force en masse. Even though millions of women stepped well beyond previously accepted boundaries of home and “women’s sphere” during World War II, recruitment campaigns continued to define women’s new roles in domestic terms, reinforcing expectations that women would relinquish their wartime positions to veterans when peace returned

Multi-Architecture in Saudi Arabia: Representing the History of Women

The purpose of this research project is to put into context the role of women in Saudi Arabia through reading of symbols and signs of the physical shape of the first sky scrapers: AlMamlakah (Kingdom) and AlFaisalia. The paper analyses perceptions of modern Saudi Arabian architecture and the significance of our visual perception to gender codification is what this project attempts to analyze. The project uses three interlaced lines of investigation. The first is the relationship of architecture to the culture and the population. The research paper will study the architecture of the two skyscrapers. The second line of investigation is the perception of a symbol or a sign by the public. Thirdly, the paper will present feminism theories and finally connect these three investigations to the representation of women in art and history