An Analysis and New Methodology for Reverse Engineering of UML Behavioral

The emergence of Unified Modeling Language (UML) as a standard for modeling systems has encouraged the use of automated software tools that facilitate the development process from analysis through coding. Reverse Engineering has become a viable method to measure an existing system and reconstruct the necessary model from its original. The Reverse Engineering of behavioral models consists in extracting high-level models that help understand the behavior of existing software systems. In this paper we present an ongoing work on extracting UML diagrams from object-oriented programming languages. we propose an approach for the reverse engineering of UML behavior from the analysis of execution traces produced dynamically by an object-oriented application using formal and semi-formal techniques for modeling the dynamic behavior of a system. Our methods show that this approach can produce UML behavioral diagrams in reasonable time and suggest that these diagrams are helpful in understanding the behavior of the underlying application

Implementation of membrane models on a CAPE-OPEN tool to simulate a process including RO membranes

Process simulators are a useful tool for evaluating different configurations of chemical processes and developing new ones. Although these programs include many standard units like reactor or distillation towers, membrane units are not usually included. In this paper, it is shown the possibility to implement a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane unit in the free process simulator COCO, using input membrane parameters. The RO modeling is based on the coupling of the solution diffusion model with a model for concentration polarization. The model was implemented as a Matlab CAPE-OPEN unit operation. In order to show the functionality of the developed application, a rinsing process adapted from literature was implemented to test different configurations. In this way, the combined use of the COCO simulator and the model of a reverse osmosis unit proved to be a useful tool for comparing the performance of different process configurations.The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness is kindly acknowledged (Project CTM 2010-20248).Gozálvez Zafrilla, JM.; Santafé Moros, MA.; Sanchis Sebastiá, M.; Gomis Fons, J. (2014). Implementation of membrane models on a CAPE-OPEN tool to simulate a process including RO membranes. Desalination and Water Treatment. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.995718S17Sharaf Eldean, M. A., & Soliman, A. M. (2013). A new visual library for modeling and simulation of renewable energy desalination systems (REDS). Desalination and Water Treatment, 51(37-39), 6905-6920. doi:10.1080/19443994.2013.777369Choi, Y.-J., Hwang, T.-M., Oh, H., Nam, S.-H., Lee, S., Jeon, J., … Chung, Y. (2011). Development of a simulation program for the forward osmosis and reverse osmosis process. Desalination and Water Treatment, 33(1-3), 273-282. doi:10.5004/dwt.2011.2652Karabelas, A. J., Kostoglou, M., & Koutsou, C. P. (2015). Modeling of spiral wound membrane desalination modules and plants – review and research priorities. Desalination, 356, 165-186. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.002Peshev, D., & Livingston, A. G. (2013). OSN Designer, a tool for predicting organic solvent nanofiltration technology performance using Aspen One, MATLAB and CAPE OPEN. Chemical Engineering Science, 104, 975-987. doi:10.1016/j.ces.2013.10.033Testard, L., & Belaud, J.-P. (2005). A CAPE-OPEN based framework for process simulation solutions integration. European Symposium on Computer-Aided Process Engineering-15, 38th European Symposium of the Working Party on Computer Aided Process Engineering, 607-612. doi:10.1016/s1570-7946(05)80223-8Morales-Rodríguez, R., Gani, R., Déchelotte, S., Vacher, A., & Baudouin, O. (2008). Use of CAPE-OPEN standards in the interoperability between modelling tools (MoT) and process simulators (Simulis® Thermodynamics and ProSimPlus). Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 86(7), 823-833. doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2008.02.022Guria, C., Bhattacharya, P. K., & Gupta, S. K. (2005). Multi-objective optimization of reverse osmosis desalination units using different adaptations of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA). Computers & Chemical Engineering, 29(9), 1977-1995. doi:10.1016/j.compchemeng.2005.05.002Senthilmurugan, S., Ahluwalia, A., & Gupta, S. K. (2005). Modeling of a spiral-wound module and estimation of model parameters using numerical techniques. Desalination, 173(3), 269-286. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2004.08.034Chilyumova, E., & Thöming, J. (2007). Dynamic simulation of rinsing and regeneration networks based on high pressure RO. Desalination, 207(1-3), 45-58. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2006.07.00

Science & engineering software migration: moving from desktop to mobile applications

The proliferation of mobile devices over the last years provides opportunities and challenges for solving problems in Science & Engineering. Among other novel features, mobile devices contain global positioning sensors, wireless connectivity, built-in web browsers and photo/video/voice capabilities that allow providing highly localized, context aware applications. Mobile phones have become as powerful as any desktop computer in terms of applications they can run. However, the software development in mobile computing is still not as mature as it is for desktop computer and the whole potential of mobile devices is wasted. A current problem in the engineering community is the adaptation of desktop applications for mobile technologies. To take advantage of new platform technologies, existing software must evolve. A number of solutions have been proposed to deal with this problem such as redevelopment, which rewrites existing applications, or migration, which moves the existing system to a more flexible environment while retaining the original system data and functionality. A good solution should be to restore the value of the existing software, extracting knowledge and exploiting investment in order to migrate to new software that incorporates the new technologies. On the one hand, traditional reverse engineering techniques can help in the software migration to mobile applications. They are related to the process of analyzing available software with the objective of extracting information and providing high-level views on the underlying code. On the other hand, to achieve interoperability with multiple platforms the migration needs of technical frameworks for information integration and tool interoperability such as the initiative of the Object Management Group (OMG) called Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The outstanding ideas behind MDA are separating the specification of the system functionality from its implementation on specific platforms and managing the software evolution from abstract models to implementations increasing the degree of automation. The objective of this paper is to describe a reengineering process that allow moving existing desktop applications for solving engineering problems of multidisciplinary character to mobile platforms. Our research aims to simplify the creation of applications for mobile platforms by integrating traditional reverse engineering techniques, such static and dynamic analysis, with MDA. We validated our approach by using the open source application platform Eclipse, EMF (Eclipse Modeling Framework), EMP (Eclipse Modeling Project) and the Android platform

Automatic differentiation in machine learning: a survey

Derivatives, mostly in the form of gradients and Hessians, are ubiquitous in machine learning. Automatic differentiation (AD), also called algorithmic differentiation or simply "autodiff", is a family of techniques similar to but more general than backpropagation for efficiently and accurately evaluating derivatives of numeric functions expressed as computer programs. AD is a small but established field with applications in areas including computational fluid dynamics, atmospheric sciences, and engineering design optimization. Until very recently, the fields of machine learning and AD have largely been unaware of each other and, in some cases, have independently discovered each other's results. Despite its relevance, general-purpose AD has been missing from the machine learning toolbox, a situation slowly changing with its ongoing adoption under the names "dynamic computational graphs" and "differentiable programming". We survey the intersection of AD and machine learning, cover applications where AD has direct relevance, and address the main implementation techniques. By precisely defining the main differentiation techniques and their interrelationships, we aim to bring clarity to the usage of the terms "autodiff", "automatic differentiation", and "symbolic differentiation" as these are encountered more and more in machine learning settings.Comment: 43 pages, 5 figure

Automated analysis of feature models: Quo vadis?

Feature models have been used since the 90's to describe software product lines as a way of reusing common parts in a family of software systems. In 2010, a systematic literature review was published summarizing the advances and settling the basis of the area of Automated Analysis of Feature Models (AAFM). From then on, different studies have applied the AAFM in different domains. In this paper, we provide an overview of the evolution of this field since 2010 by performing a systematic mapping study considering 423 primary sources. We found six different variability facets where the AAFM is being applied that define the tendencies: product configuration and derivation; testing and evolution; reverse engineering; multi-model variability-analysis; variability modelling and variability-intensive systems. We also confirmed that there is a lack of industrial evidence in most of the cases. Finally, we present where and when the papers have been published and who are the authors and institutions that are contributing to the field. We observed that the maturity is proven by the increment in the number of journals published along the years as well as the diversity of conferences and workshops where papers are published. We also suggest some synergies with other areas such as cloud or mobile computing among others that can motivate further research in the future.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2015-70560-RJunta de Andalucía TIC-186

Resolving Architectural Mismatches of COTS Through Architectural Reconciliation

The integration of COTS components into a system under development entails architectural mismatches. These have been tackled, so far, at the component level, through component adaptation techniques, but they also must be tackled at an architectural level of abstraction. In this paper we propose an approach for resolving architectural mismatches, with the aid of architectural reconciliation. The approach consists of designing and subsequently reconciling two architectural models, one that is forward-engineered from the requirements and another that is reverse-engineered from the COTS-based implementation. The final reconciled model is optimally adapted both to the requirements and to the actual COTS-based implementation. The contribution of this paper lies in the application of architectural reconciliation in the context of COTS-based software development. Architectural modeling is based upon the UML 2.0 standard, while the reconciliation is performed by transforming the two models, with the help of architectural design decisions.

Numerical modelling and simulation in sheet metal forming

The application of numerical modelling and simulation in manufacturing technologies is looking back over about a 20–30 years history. In recent years, the role of modelling and simulation in engineering and in manufacturing industry has been continuously increasing. It is well known that during manufacturing processes simultaneous the effect of many different parameters can be observed. This is the reason why in former years, detailed analysis of manufacturing processes could have been done only by time-consuming and expensive trial-and-error methods. Due to the recent developments in the methods of modelling and simulation, as well as in computational facilities, modelling and simulation has become an everyday tool in engineering practice. Besides the aforementioned facts, the emerging role of modelling and simulation can also be explained by the growing globalisation and competition of the world market requiring shorter lead times and more cost effective solutions. In spite the enormous development of hardware and software facilities, the exclusive use of numerical modelling still seems to be very time- and cost consuming, and there is still often a high scepticism about the results among industrialists. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to overview the present situation of numerical modelling and simulation in sheet metal forming, mainly from the viewpoint of scientific research and industrial applications