3,578 research outputs found
A Big Data perspective on Cyber-Physical Systems for Industry 4.0: modernizing and scaling complex event processing
Doctoral program in Advanced Engineering Systems for IndustryNowadays, the whole industry makes efforts to find the most productive ways of working and it already
understood that using the data that is being produced inside and outside the factories is a way to improve
the business performance. A set of modern technologies combined with sensor-based communication
create the possibility to act according to our needs, precisely at the moment when the data is being
produced and processed. Considering the diversity of processes existing in a factory, all of them producing
data, Complex Event Processing (CEP) with the capabilities to process that amount of data is needed in
the daily work of a factory, to process different types of events and find patterns between them. Although
the integration of the Big Data and Complex Event Processing topics is already present in the literature,
open challenges in this area were identified, hence the reason for the contribution presented in this thesis.
Thereby, this doctoral thesis proposes a system architecture that integrates the CEP concept with a rulebased
approach in the Big Data context: the Intelligent Event Broker (IEB). This architecture proposes the
use of adequate Big Data technologies in its several components. At the same time, some of the gaps
identified in this area were fulfilled, complementing Event Processing with the possibility to use Machine
Learning Models that can be integrated in the rules' verification, and also proposing an innovative
monitoring system with an immersive visualization component to monitor the IEB and prevent its
uncontrolled growth, since there are always several processes inside a factory that can be integrated in
the system. The proposed architecture was validated with a demonstration case using, as an example,
the Active Lot Release Bosch's system. This demonstration case revealed that it is feasible to implement
the proposed architecture and proved the adequate functioning of the IEB system to process Bosch's
business processes data and also to monitor its components and the events flowing through those
components.Hoje em dia as indústrias esforçam-se para encontrar formas de serem mais produtivas. A utilização dos
dados que são produzidos dentro e fora das fábricas já foi identificada como uma forma de melhorar o
desempenho do negócio. Um conjunto de tecnologias atuais combinado com a comunicação baseada
em sensores cria a possibilidade de se atuar precisamente no momento em que os dados estão a ser
produzidos e processados, assegurando resposta às necessidades do negócio. Considerando a
diversidade de processos que existem e produzem dados numa fábrica, as capacidades do
Processamento de Eventos Complexos (CEP) revelam-se necessárias no quotidiano de uma fábrica,
processando diferentes tipos de eventos e encontrando padrões entre os mesmos. Apesar da integração
do conceito CEP na era de Big Data ser um tópico já presente na literatura, existem ainda desafios nesta
área que foram identificados e que dão origem às contribuições presentes nesta tese. Assim, esta tese
de doutoramento propõe uma arquitetura para um sistema que integre o conceito de CEP na era do Big
Data, seguindo uma abordagem baseada em regras: o Intelligent Event Broker (IEB). Esta arquitetura
propõe a utilização de tecnologias de Big Data que sejam adequadas aos seus diversos componentes.
As lacunas identificadas na literatura foram consideradas, complementando o processamento de eventos
com a possibilidade de utilizar modelos de Machine Learning com vista a serem integrados na verificação
das regras, propondo também um sistema de monitorização inovador composto por um componente de
visualização imersiva que permite monitorizar o IEB e prevenir o seu crescimento descontrolado, o que
pode acontecer devido à integração do conjunto significativo de processos existentes numa fábrica. A
arquitetura proposta foi validada através de um caso de demonstração que usou os dados do Active Lot
Release, um sistema da Bosch. Os resultados revelaram a viabilidade da implementação da arquitetura
e comprovaram o adequado funcionamento do sistema no que diz respeito ao processamento dos dados
dos processos de negócio da Bosch e à monitorização dos componentes do IEB e eventos que fluem
através desses.This work has been supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the R&D Units
Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020, the Doctoral scholarship PD/BDE/135101/2017 and by European
Structural and Investment Funds in the FEDER component, through the Operational Competitiveness and
Internationalization Programme (COMPETE 2020) [Project nº 039479; Funding Reference: POCI-01-
0247-FEDER-039479]
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR NEXT-GENERATION OF SURGICAL ENVIRONMENTS
Minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) are fundamentally constrained by image quality,access to the operative field, and the visualization environment on which thesurgeon relies for real-time information. Although invasive access benefits the patient,it also leads to more challenging procedures, which require better skills andtraining. Endoscopic surgeries rely heavily on 2D interfaces, introducing additionalchallenges due to the loss of depth perception, the lack of 3-Dimensional imaging,and the reduction of degrees of freedom.By using state-of-the-art technology within a distributed computational architecture,it is possible to incorporate multiple sensors, hybrid display devices, and3D visualization algorithms within a exible surgical environment. Such environmentscan assist the surgeon with valuable information that goes far beyond what iscurrently available. In this thesis, we will discuss how 3D visualization and reconstruction,stereo displays, high-resolution display devices, and tracking techniques arekey elements in the next-generation of surgical environments
Molecular simulations and visualization: introduction and overview
Here we provide an introduction and overview of current progress in the field of molecular simulation and visualization, touching on the following topics: (1) virtual and augmented reality for immersive molecular simulations; (2) advanced visualization and visual analytic techniques; (3) new developments in high performance computing; and (4) applications and model building
Optimization of Display-Wall Aware Applications on Cluster Based Systems
Actualment, els sistemes d'informació i comunicació que treballen amb grans volums de dades
requereixen l'ús de plataformes que permetin una representació entenible des del punt de vista de
l'usuari. En aquesta tesi s'analitzen les plataformes Cluster Display Wall, usades per a la
visualització de dades massives, i es treballa concretament amb la plataforma Liquid Galaxy,
desenvolupada per Google. Mitjançant la plataforma Liquid Galaxy, es realitza un estudi de
rendiment d'aplicacions de visualització representatives, identificant els aspectes de rendiment
més rellevants i els possibles colls d'ampolla. De forma específica, s'estudia amb major
profunditat un cas representatiu d'aplicació de visualització, el Google Earth. El comportament
del sistema executant Google Earth s'analitza mitjançant diferents tipus de test amb usuaris reals.
Per a aquest fi, es defineix una nova mètrica de rendiment, basada en la ratio de visualització, i es
valora la usabilitat del sistema mitjançant els atributs tradicionals d'efectivitat, eficiència i
satisfacció. Adicionalment, el rendiment del sistema es modela analíticament i es prova la
precisió del model comparant-ho amb resultats reals.Nowadays, information and communication systems that work with a high volume of data require
infrastructures that allow an understandable representation of it from the user's point of view.
This thesis analyzes the Cluster Display Wall platforms, used to visualized massive amounts of
data, and specifically studies the Liquid Galaxy platform, developed by Google. Using the Liquid
Galaxy platform, a performance study of representative visualization applications was performed,
identifying the most relevant aspects of performance and possible bottlenecks. Specifically, we
study in greater depth a representative case of visualization application, Google Earth. The
system behavior while running Google Earth was analyzed through different kinds of tests with
real users. For this, a new performance metric was defined, based on the visualization ratio, and
the usability of the system was assessed through the traditional attributes of effectiveness,
efficiency and satisfaction. Additionally, the system performance was analytically modeled and
the accuracy of the model was tested by comparing it with actual results.Actualmente, los sistemas de información y comunicación que trabajan con grandes volúmenes
de datos requieren el uso de plataformas que permitan una representación entendible desde el
punto de vista del usuario. En esta tesis se analizan las plataformas Cluster Display Wall, usadas
para la visualización de datos masivos, y se trabaja en concreto con la plataforma Liquid Galaxy,
desarrollada por Google. Mediante la plataforma Liquid Galaxy, se realiza un estudio de
rendimiento de aplicaciones de visualización representativas, identificando los aspectos de
rendimiento más relevantes y los posibles cuellos de botella. De forma específica, se estudia en
mayor profundidad un caso representativo de aplicación de visualización, el Google Earth. El
comportamiento del sistema ejecutando Google Earth se analiza mediante diferentes tipos de test
con usuarios reales. Para ello se define una nueva métrica de rendimiento, basada en el ratio de
visualización, y se valora la usabilidad del sistema mediante los atributos tradicionales de
efectividad, eficiencia y satisfacción. Adicionalmente, el rendimiento del sistema se modela
analíticamente y se prueba la precisión del modelo comparándolo con resultados reales
Optimization of VR application in texturing cultural heritage
The research question underlying this short essay refers to the possibility of realizing through a well-established workflow a high level of immersivity in the VR representation of Cultural Heritage to be used as a working tool by architects and renovators as well as heritage scholars. At present active or passive 3D scanning techniques are a known reality where the choice of data acquisition system depends both on the final purpose and characteristics of the object to be surveyed. With the maturity achieved in point cloud acquisition, post processing phases and the development of BIM-based systems, the model has given the possibility to become a repository of information related to the existing, to be used for maintenance or renovation processes. If the model can represent the existing with a certain level of detail, it can be assumed that a differentiated Level of Immersivity can be organized depending on the specific needs it intends to fulfil. In the context of renovation or preservation of Cultural Heritage, the potential offered by VR becomes more interesting when it can provide a realistic portrait not only of the geometry, but also of the materiality and state of preservation of the buildings. This research opens new possibilities to develop tools to aid designers and renovators in degradation analysis, intervention projects, and scheduled maintenance. The research question starts analyzing the possibility of creating photorealistic immersive environments that are easy to access, organized based on surveys of existing heritage buildings using specific datasets
Immersive Insights: A Hybrid Analytics System for Collaborative Exploratory Data Analysis
In the past few years, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR)
technologies have experienced terrific improvements in both accessibility and
hardware capabilities, encouraging the application of these devices across
various domains. While researchers have demonstrated the possible advantages of
AR and VR for certain data science tasks, it is still unclear how these
technologies would perform in the context of exploratory data analysis (EDA) at
large. In particular, we believe it is important to better understand which
level of immersion EDA would concretely benefit from, and to quantify the
contribution of AR and VR with respect to standard analysis workflows.
In this work, we leverage a Dataspace reconfigurable hybrid reality
environment to study how data scientists might perform EDA in a co-located,
collaborative context. Specifically, we propose the design and implementation
of Immersive Insights, a hybrid analytics system combining high-resolution
displays, table projections, and augmented reality (AR) visualizations of the
data.
We conducted a two-part user study with twelve data scientists, in which we
evaluated how different levels of data immersion affect the EDA process and
compared the performance of Immersive Insights with a state-of-the-art,
non-immersive data analysis system.Comment: VRST 201
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