Identity Analytics And Belief Structures

Personal identity is an important topic in information systems in general and data analytics in particular.  Normally associated with digital security and privacy, the scope of identity is much greater and affects most aspects of everyday life.  Related subjects are behavioral tracking, personal-identifiable information (PII), privacy data relevance, data repurposing, identity theft, and homeland security.  The purpose of this paper is to establish a context for using analytics to combine evidence to categorize certain subjects based on belief structures.  &nbsp

Low-frequency attenuation measurements of fluids

Pore fluids significantly affect the elastic responses of rocks. Rock-physics models can be used to predict how pore fluids affect the elastic responses of fully or partially saturated rocks. Thus, to identify fluids in the subsurface, knowing the anelastic properties of such fluids, such as attenuation, is useful. In addition, new technologies to assess and monitor hydrocarbon exploration rely on the precise determination of the anelastic properties of hydraulic fracturing fluids. Moreover, the anelastic properties of fluids depend on the frequency of the wave propagating through the fluid. Methodologies to measure high-frequency anelastic properties of fluids have been widely reported. What have not been established are methodologies to measure the low-frequency anelastic properties and attenuation of fluids in a laboratory setting, aside from shear viscosity. Using the low-frequency properties and attenuation, rather than the already known high-frequency properties of pore fluids, will provide more accurate estimates for rock physics models and seismic data. To address this situation, a laboratory machine has been designed, built, and calibrated to measure the low-frequency attenuation and bulk modulus of fluids at frequencies from 0.1 to 10 Hz. Deionized water and aqueous guar gum solutions have been tested. Results for measurements of attenuation and bulk modulus of water agree with the literature. Measurements of guar gum solutions show that attenuation is greater than 0.01 with higher concentration samples having higher attenuation. This might be explained by energy being lost during the breakup of weak and strong bonds in the guar gum polymer chains. A higher concentration provides more bonds to break up which leads to more energy being lost which increases attenuation. The present study will help improve seismic methods and rock physics models by incorporating low-frequency attenuation values of fluids.Geological Science

Deep learning for situational understanding

Situational understanding (SU) requires a combination of insight — the ability to accurately perceive an existing situation — and foresight — the ability to anticipate how an existing situation may develop in the future. SU involves information fusion as well as model representation and inference. Commonly, heterogenous data sources must be exploited in the fusion process: often including both hard and soft data products. In a coalition context, data and processing resources will also be distributed and subjected to restrictions on information sharing. It will often be necessary for a human to be in the loop in SU processes, to provide key input and guidance, and to interpret outputs in a way that necessitates a degree of transparency in the processing: systems cannot be “black boxes”. In this paper, we characterize the Coalition Situational Understanding (CSU) problem in terms of fusion, temporal, distributed, and human requirements. There is currently significant interest in deep learning (DL) approaches for processing both hard and soft data. We analyze the state-of-the-art in DL in relation to these requirements for CSU, and identify areas where there is currently considerable promise, and key gaps

A decision-theoretic approach to reliable message delivery

We argue that the tools of decision theory need to be taken more seriously in the specification and analysis of systems. We illustrate this by considering a simple problem involving reliable communication, showing how considerations of utility and probability can be used to decide when it is worth sending heartbeat messages and, if they are sent, how often they should be sent.Comment: This is the full version of a paper that appears in the Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, 1998, pp. 89-1

QCD Sum Rules and Applications to Nuclear Physics

Applications of QCD sum-rule methods to the physics of nuclei are reviewed, with an emphasis on calculations of baryon self-energies in infinite nuclear matter. The sum-rule approach relates spectral properties of hadrons propagating in the finite-density medium, such as optical potentials for quasinucleons, to matrix elements of QCD composite operators (condensates). The vacuum formalism for QCD sum rules is generalized to finite density, and the strategy and implementation of the approach is discussed. Predictions for baryon self-energies are compared to those suggested by relativistic nuclear physics phenomenology. Sum rules for vector mesons in dense nuclear matter are also considered.Comment: 92 pages, ReVTeX, 9 figures can be obtained upon request (to Xuemin Jin