"Going back to our roots": second generation biocomputing

Researchers in the field of biocomputing have, for many years, successfully "harvested and exploited" the natural world for inspiration in developing systems that are robust, adaptable and capable of generating novel and even "creative" solutions to human-defined problems. However, in this position paper we argue that the time has now come for a reassessment of how we exploit biology to generate new computational systems. Previous solutions (the "first generation" of biocomputing techniques), whilst reasonably effective, are crude analogues of actual biological systems. We believe that a new, inherently inter-disciplinary approach is needed for the development of the emerging "second generation" of bio-inspired methods. This new modus operandi will require much closer interaction between the engineering and life sciences communities, as well as a bidirectional flow of concepts, applications and expertise. We support our argument by examining, in this new light, three existing areas of biocomputing (genetic programming, artificial immune systems and evolvable hardware), as well as an emerging area (natural genetic engineering) which may provide useful pointers as to the way forward.Comment: Submitted to the International Journal of Unconventional Computin

An integrated on-line learning system for evolving programmable logic array controllers

Abstract. This paper presents an integrated on-line learning system to evolve programmable logic array (PLA) controllers for navigating an autonomous robot in a two-dimensional environment. The integrated online learning system consists of two learning modules: one is the module of reinforcement learning based on temporal-di erence learning methods, and the other is the module of evolutionary learning based on genetic algorithms. The control rules extracted from the module of reinforcement learning can be used as input to the module of evolutionary learning, and quickly implemented by the PLA through on-line evolution. The on-line evolution has shown promise as a method of learning systems in complex environment. The evolved PLA controllers can successfully navigate the robot to a target in the two-dimensional environment while avoiding collisions with randomly positioned obstacles.