7,048 research outputs found
Strangeness S=-2 baryon-baryon interaction at next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory
The strangeness baryon-baryon interaction is studied in chiral
effective field theory up to next-to-leading order. The potential at this order
consists of contributions from one- and two-pseudoscalar-meson exchange
diagrams and from four-baryon contact terms without and with two derivatives.
SU(3) flavor symmetry is imposed for constructing the interaction in the
sector. Specifically, the couplings of the pseudoscalar mesons to the baryons
are fixed by SU(3) symmetry and, in general, also the contact terms are related
via SU(3) symmetry to those determined in a previous study of the
hyperon-nucleon interaction. The explicit SU(3) symmetry breaking due to the
physical masses of the pseudoscalar mesons (, , ) is taken into
account. It is argued that the interaction has to be relatively weak to
be in accordance with available experimental constraints. In particular, the
published values and upper bounds for the elastic and inelastic cross
sections apparently rule out a somewhat stronger attractive force and,
specifically, disfavor any near-threshold deuteron-like bound states in that
system.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
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Accuracy of HVAC Load Predictions: Validation of EnergyPlus and DOE-2 using FLEXLAB Measurements
The aim of the project reported here was to better understand the level of accuracy of three building energy simulation (BES) engines (âenginesâ) â EnergyPlusâą, DOE-2.1e, and DOE-2.2 â by identifying and investigating significant deviations between the performance predicted by these engines and actual performance as measured in the FLEXLABÂź test facility at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). The specific test conditions included some of those prescribed in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140 - Standard Method of Test for the Evaluation of Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs. Detailed measurements of FLEXLAB performance, including indoor temperatures and heat fluxes and air-flow and water flow rates and temperatures in the Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, together with hourly weather data, were recorded and used in analyzing the simulation results from EnergyPlus v8.8, DOE-2.2 v3.65 and DOE-2.1e v127. These engines are commonly used in the United States for building energy code compliance, federal, state, and utility incentives programs, as well as energy efficient design of new buildings and energy retrofit of existing buildings.
Seven conventional overhead mixing ventilation scenarios were tested and each engine was found to have a similar level of agreement with the measurements of space-level heating and sensible cooling loads. These results provide useful information regarding the accuracy of these engines in predicting the cooling and heating load elements of whole building energy performance. This information is intended for practitioners who are concerned about transitioning between simulation tools with different engines and for managers of utility programs leveraging these tools for evaluating and/or projecting measure savings to be incentivized under their programs.
The results of the comparisons of simulated and measured performance indicate that the predictions from all three engines are not significantly different. The 24-hour average value of the absolute mean bias indicates the likely magnitude of the error in any particular case. The average mean bias is reduced by cancelation of overprediction in one case by underprediction in another. The daytime absolute mean biases, which may be more important for both energy performance and occupant comfort, are ~6%, presumably because of the greater complexity involved in simulating in the presence of solar radiation.
EnergyPlus typically overpredicts the cooling load and/or underpredicts the heating load by ~1.5% and the DOE-2 engines typically underpredict the cooling load by approximately the same amount. The Root Mean Square Error is relatively more sensitive to shorter term variations in the difference between predicted and measured loads; the three engines have similar values, ~10%, suggesting that the uncertainties in their predictions of peak loads may also be similar in magnitude. The implication of these results is that users, both designers and program analysts, can use EnergyPlus, DOE-2.1e, or DOE-2.2 to model conventional commercial buildings equipped with overhead mixing ventilation with a similar level of confidence.
Further work is required to better understand the variability in the level of agreement between the engine predictions and FLEXLAB measurements, where a particular engine will agree well with FLEXLAB in some cases and not so well in others and another engine will agree or disagree in different cases. As the sources of this variability are identified and eliminated or reduced significantly, it is recommended that the experimental capabilities and methods developed in the study reported here should be applied to validating heating and cooling load calculations for spaces with different types of furniture and miscellaneous loads. These methods should then be applied to low energy space conditioning systems in EnergyPlus including, in particular, radiant slab and radiant ceiling panel cooling and heating systems and âmixed modeâ systems that combine mechanical cooling and natural ventilation systems, focusing on controls, including control of thermal mass.
The work reported here addresses the conventional method of heating and cooling occupied spaces; other methods, such as the use of radiant heating and cooling systems have the potential to provide equivalent occupant comfort, or better, with lower energy consumption. These systems are addressed more explicitly in EnergyPlus but there is a need for empirical validation to give users the same level of confidence in modeling these systems that they have, or should have, in modeling conventional systems, based on the results presented here
Optimizing Electrode Placement for Hemodynamic Benefit in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Background: Research is needed to explore the relative benefits of alternative electrode placements in biventricular and left ventricular pacing for heart failure with left bundle branch block (LBBB). Methods: A fast computational model of the left ventricle, running on an ordinary laptop computer, was created to simulate the spread of electrical activation over the myocardial surface, together with the resulting electrocardiogram, segmental wall motion, stroke volume, and ejection fraction in the presence of varying degrees of mitral regurgitation. Arbitrary zones of scar and blocked electrical conduction could be modeled. Results: Simulations showed there are both sweet spots and poor spots for left ventricular electrode placement, sometimes separated by only a few centimeters. In heart failure with LBBB pacing at poor spots can produce little benefit or even reduced pumping effectiveness. Pacing at sweet spots can produce up to 35% improvement in ejection fraction. Relatively larger benefit occurs in dilated hearts, in keeping with the greater disparity between early and late activated muscle. Sweet spots are typically located on the basal to mid-level, inferolateral wall. Poor spots are located on or near the interventricular septum. Anteroapical scar with conduction block causes little shift in locations for optimal pacing. Hearts with increased passive ventricular compliance and absence of pre-ejection mitral regurgitation exhibit greater therapeutic gain. The durations and wave shapes of QRS complexes in the electrocardiogram can help predict optimum electrode placement in real time. Conclusions: Differences between poor responders and hyper-responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy can be understood in terms of basic anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology. Computational modeling suggests general strategies for optimal electrode placement. In a given patient heart size, regional pathology, and regional dynamics allow individual pre-treatment planning to target optimal electrode placement
A Vector-Integration-to-Endpoint Model for Performance of Viapoint Movements
Viapoint (VP) movements are movements to a desired point that are constrained to pass through an intermediate point. Studies have shown that VP movements possess properties, such as smooth curvature around the VP, that are not explicable by treating VP movements as strict concatenations of simpler point-to-point (PTP) movements. Such properties have led some theorists to propose whole-trajectory optimization models, which imply that the entire trajectory is pre-computed before movement initiation. This paper reports new experiments conducted to systematically compare VP with PTP trajectories. Analyses revealed a statistically significant early directional deviation in VP movements but no associated curvature change. An explanation of this effect is offered by extending the Vector-Integration-To-Endpoint (VITE) model (Bullock and Grossberg, 1988), which postulates that voluntary movement trajectories emerge as internal gating signals control the integration of continuously computed vector commands based on the evolving, perceptible difference between desired and actual position variables. The model explains the observed trajectories of VP and PTP movements as emergent properties of a dynamical system that does not precompute entire trajectories before movement initiation. The new model includes a working memory and a stage sensitive to time-to-contact information. These cooperate to control serial performance. The structural and functional relationships proposed in the model are consistent with available data on forebrain physiology and anatomy.Office of Naval Research (N00014-92-J-1309, N00014-93-1-1364, N0014-95-1-0409
Prediction of antibiotic mass flows in urban catchments and their environmental prioritization
Urban emissions of antibiotics into the environment have the potential to adversely affect terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Developed standardized test methods allow the quantification of the resulting ecotoxicological risk, which strongly relies on a comprehensive situation analysis by predicting or measuring a representative antibiotic concentration of interest. Predicting the input loads of antibiotics to wastewater treatment plants using secondary input data (e.g. prescriptions) is a reasonable method if no analytical data is available. The absence of such data poses the question of an aquired reasonable sample quantity to capture local seasonal differences in prescriptions as well as flow conditions within the catchment area. Both, the theoretical and measurement based determination of environmental concentrations have been scarcely verified in practice. Hence, high resolution prescription data in combination with an extensive monitoring campaign at the wastewater treatment plant Dresden-Kaditz (WWTP) were used as a basis to evaluate the reliability of predicting and measuring urban antibiotic emissions.
As expected, the recovery of antibiotic input loads strongly varies among substances. The group of macrolides as well as sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were almost fully recovered whereas nearly all substances of the beta-lactam family exhibit high elimination rates during the wastewater transport in the sewer system. Yet other antibiotics (e.g. fluoroquinolones) show distinct fluctuations through the year, which was not obvious from relatively constant prescriptions. The latter substances are an example that available data are not per se sufficient to predict the actual release into the environment which, in certain cases, emphasizes the necessity of adequate measuring campaings. The extensive data pool of this study was hence used to calculate the necessary number of samples to determine a representative annual mean load to the WWTP. Based on the applied approach, a minimum number of 20 to 40 samples per year is proposed to reasonably estimate a representative annual input load of antibiotics and other micropollutants. Regarding the WWTP, the mass flow analysis revealed that macrolides, clindamycin/ clindamycin-sulfoxide and trimethoprim were mainly released with the effluent, while penicillins, cephalosporins as well as sulfamethoxazole were partly degraded in the studied WWTP. Levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are the only antibiotics under investigation with a significant mass fraction bound to primary, excess and digested sludge. In this context, the sludge concentrations are considered to be highly inconsistent which leads to questionable results. It remains unclear whether the inconsistencies are due to insufficiencies in sampling and/or analytical determination or if the fluctuations can be considered reasonable for digesters.
Subsequently, verified antibiotic loads were evaluated regarding their ecotoxicological effects in the aquatic environment. Two approaches were applied (1) to address the ecological impact on individual trophic levels algae, daphnia and fish, and (2) to assess the possible synergistic potential of antibiotic combinations. Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and the group of cephalosporins showed to significantly affect the aquatic environment. They either have the highest impact on (one of) the lowest trophic level(s) or disproportionately increase the ecotoxicological risk due to their synergistic characteristics. In this regard, the deficiencies regarding the input prediction of these antibiotics is of particular concern. The underestimation of such critical mass flow conditions weakens the approach of assessing environmental risks on the basis of secondary data like prescriptions. Hence, efforts must be made to further develop the projection model by improving the quality of secondary data, identifying additional emitters and understanding possible retention and degradation dynamics of antibiotics within the sewer system.:Abstract 2
Danksagung 1
Table of Contents 1
Chapter 1 â Introduction 1
Scope 1
Goals and structure 3
Approach and Methods 5
Chapter 2 â Representative input load of antibiotics to WWTPs: Predictive
accuracy and determination of a required sampling quantity 11
Introduction 14
Materials and Methods 16
Results and discussion 24
Conclusion 38
References 39
Chapter 3 â Mass flow of antibiotics in a wastewater treatment plant
focusing on removal variations due to operational parameters 41
Introduction 45
Materials and Methods 47
Results and discussion 52
Conclusions 65
References 66
Chapter 4 â Species-related risk assessment of antibiotics using the
probability distribution of long-term toxicity data as weighting function
â a case study 71
Introduction 74
Materials and Methods 75
Results and discussion 86
Conclusions and summary 93
References 95
Chapter 5 â Environmental risk assessment of antibiotics including
synergistic and antagonistic combination effects 99
Materials and Methods 104
Results 113
Discussion 120
Conclusions and summary . 125
References 126
Chapter 6 â Results and conclusions 129
Individual results 131
Aggregation of results 133
Final conclusions 134
References 139
Annex 1 â Supplementary material Chapter 2 141
Annex 2 â Supplementary material Chapter 3 147
Annex 3 â Supplementary material Chapter 4 159
Annex 4 â Supplementary material Chapter 5 177In der Humanmedizin eingesetzte Antibiotika werden im menschlichen Körper nicht vollstĂ€ndig metabolisiert und gelangen ĂŒber die Ausscheidungen in das kommunale Abwasser. In der KlĂ€ranlage erfolgt nur eine unvollstĂ€ndige Elimination dieser Stoffe, so dass der KlĂ€ranlagenablauf einen Hot Spot fĂŒr Antibiotikaemissionen in die Umwelt darstellt. Das induzierte ökotoxikologische Risiko kann anhand standardisierter Testverfahren und allgemein anerkannter BewertungsansĂ€tze fĂŒr Einzelsubstanzen abgeschĂ€tzt werden. Erfolgt jedoch die Betrachtung von Antibiotikagemischen, wie es fĂŒr den gereinigten Ablauf einer KlĂ€ranlage sinnvoll ist, sind aufgrund zumeist unspezifischer Wirkmechanismen und dem Mangel an reprĂ€sentativen Daten eine Reihe von Vereinfachungen und Annahmen zu treffen. Es besteht in der Folge die Gefahr einer UnterschĂ€tzung des durch Substanzgemische hervorgerufenen ökotoxikologischen Risikos. Eine vielversprechende Möglichkeit den Entscheidungsprozess ĂŒber mögliche Vermeidungs- und EliminationsmaĂnahmen zu unterstĂŒtzen besteht in der Priorisierung von Antibiotika entsprechend ihres Effektpotentials. Hierbei sind Substanzen zu identifizieren, die den gröĂten Einfluss auf die Nahrungskette im GewĂ€sser bzw. das höchste (negative) Synergiepotential mit anderen Substanzen aufweisen. Die Verringerung dieser Substanzen fĂŒhrt zu einer hohen ökologischen EffektivitĂ€t und Effizienz der eingesetzten Mittel.
Wie im Fall des klassischen Bewertungsansatzes, ist auch fĂŒr den Priorisierungsansatz eine umfĂ€ngliche und zuverlĂ€ssige Situationsanalyse die Grundvoraussetzung fĂŒr verwertbare Ergebnisse. Die Situationsanalyse beruht auf der analytischen Bestimmung bzw. der AbschĂ€tzung von emittierten Antibiotikafrachten zur Berechnung von reprĂ€sentativen Umweltkonzentrationen. Analytisch ermittelte Umweltkonzentrationen vieler Antibiotika weisen aufgrund saisonaler Verschreibungsmuster eine hohe zeitliche und rĂ€umliche VariabilitĂ€t auf. Die fĂŒr eine adĂ€quate Erfassung der Situation notwendigen Messkampagnen sind kostenintensiv, wobei die tatsĂ€chlich notwendige HĂ€ufigkeit der Probenahme von zumeist nicht hinreichend bekannten substanzspezifischen Informationen, wie der chemischen StabilitĂ€t im Rohabwasser und der saisonal beeinflussten Applikation, abhĂ€ngt. Alternativ können AntibiotikaeintrĂ€ge in die Kanalisation anhand von Verschreibungsdaten abgeschĂ€tzt und mit Hilfe von Stoffflussanalysen (SFA) zur ökotoxikologischen Bewertung herangezogen werden. Eine vom Umfang befriedigende, direkte GegenĂŒberstellung von prognostizierten und analytisch ermittelten Frachten ist bisher jedoch nicht erfolgt, so dass die Verifizierung dieses Ansatzes noch aussteht. FĂŒr den Fall einer bestehenden Verschreibungspflicht fĂŒr Antibiotika besitzen Verschreibungsdaten eine vergleichsweise hohe zeitliche und rĂ€umliche InformationsgĂŒte. In Verbindung mit einer an diese DatenqualitĂ€t angepassten Messkampagne, ergibt sich die Möglichkeit einer detaillierten SFA mit substanzspezifischer Bewertung der Eignung des Prognoseansatzes.
Die am Beispiel der Stadt Dresden durchgefĂŒhrte Bewertung des Prognoseansatzes fuĂt auf einer 15-monatigen Messkampagne und den fĂŒr das Einzugsgebiet der ZentralklĂ€ranlage Dresden-Kaditz verfĂŒgbaren Verschreibungsdaten der AOK PLUS. ErwartungsgemÀà ergibt der Abgleich von erwarteten und analytisch ermittelten Frachten eine starke Variation der fĂŒr den Zulauf der KlĂ€ranlage ermittelten Wiederfindungsdaten verschiedener Substanzen. Die analytisch ermittelten Frachten von Sulfamethoxazol, Trimethoprim sowie der Gruppe der Makrolid-Antibiotika entsprechen nahezu den prognostizierten Mengen. Die Beta-Laktam-Antibiotika unterliegen bereits wĂ€hrend des Abwassertransports einer umfĂ€nglichen, zumeist biologisch bedingten, Elimination, was zu hohen Unterbefunden im Zulauf der KlĂ€ranlage fĂŒhrt. Andere Substanzen hingegen (z.B. Fluorchinolone) weisen messtechnisch eine signifikante Jahresdynamik auf, die aufgrund der weitgehend konstanten Verschreibung in dieser AusprĂ€gung nicht zu erwarten ist. Die Auswertung zuletzt genannter Substanzen zeigt deutlich, dass die Nutzung von Verschreibungsdaten nicht per se ausreicht, um die Emission von Antibiotika (und anderer Pharmazeutika) sowie die sich daraus ergebenden Umweltkonzentrationen mit ausreichender Sicherheit prognostizieren zu können.
FĂŒr eine nachgelagerte ökotoxikologische Bewertung ist in diesen FĂ€llen die DurchfĂŒhrung von Messungen unumgĂ€nglich. Zur effizienten Planung derartiger Kampagnen wurde der umfassende Datenpool dieser Studie hinsichtlich der erforderlichen Probenanzahl zur Bestimmung einer reprĂ€sentativen mittleren Jahresfracht ausgewertet. Es ergibt sich ein Minimum von 20 bis 40 homogen ĂŒber das Jahr verteilten Proben, um die jĂ€hrlich in die KlĂ€ranlage eingetragene Fracht an Antibiotika bzw. anderer Mikroschadstoffe mit ausreichender Sicherheit abschĂ€tzen zu können. Im Rahmen der SFA in der KlĂ€ranlage Dresden-Kaditz wird deutlich, dass Makrolide, Clindamycin und dessen Humanmetabolit Clindamycin-Sulfoxid sowie Trimethoprim in der nahezu keiner Elimination unterliegen, wohingegen Penizilline, Cefalosporine und auch Sulfamethoxazol teilweise bis vollstĂ€ndig abgebaut werden. Mit Levofloxacin und Ciprofloxacin handelt es sich um die einzigen untersuchten Antibiotika, welche zu einem signifikanten Massenanteil an PrimĂ€r-, Ăberschuss- und Faulschlamm gebunden vorgefunden werden. Aufgrund der hohen Relevanz dieses Eliminationspfades fĂŒr die zuvor genannten Antibiotika bedarf die Beobachtung von z. T. widersprĂŒchlichen Schwankungen einer kritischen Betrachtung der Ergebnisse. Es ist nicht abschlieĂend geklĂ€rt, ob die beobachteten Fluktuationen auf eine unzureichende QualitĂ€t der Probenahme und/oder der Analytik zurĂŒckzufĂŒhren sind oder sich die Schwankungen in einem fĂŒr FaulbehĂ€lter tolerierbaren Bereich befinden. Im Anschluss an die verifizierten Antibiotikaemissionen erfolgte die Priorisierung der betrachteten Antibiotika nach ihrem ökotoxikologischen Effektpotential.
Zum einen wurde der ökologische Einfluss auf verschiedene, die Nahrungskette bildende trophische Ebenen (Alge, Daphnie, Fisch) untersucht. In Anlehnung an die humanmedizinische Kombinationstherapie erfolgte im zweiten Ansatz die Beurteilung der Antibiotika hinsichtlich ihres möglichen Potentials zur VerstĂ€rkung von negativen Effekten durch das gleichzeitige Auftreten mit anderen Substanzen. FĂŒr Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin und die Gruppen der Makrolide und Cefalosporine konnten signifikante BeeintrĂ€chtigungen der aquatischen Umwelt nachgewiesen werden. Diese Stoffe und Stoffgruppen fĂŒhrten im Rahmen der untersuchten Substanzen entweder zur höchsten Schadwirkung gegenĂŒber der niedrigsten trophischen Ebene oder besitzen das höchste Synergiepotential in Kombination mit anderen Substanzen. Die Auswertung der SFA bestĂ€tigt die grundsĂ€tzliche Eignung der Verschreibungsdaten sowie des entwickelten Prognosemodells zur Vorhersage von Antibiotikaemissionen im urbanen Raum. Die Stoffflussanalyse stellt somit ein strategisches, im Vergleich zur Messung kostengĂŒnstiges Instrument zur Identifikation von Hot Spots der Antibiotikaemission dar und erleichtert die Entscheidungsfindung fĂŒr monetĂ€r aufwendige ReduktionsmaĂnahmen am Ort der Entstehung oder in der KlĂ€ranlage (z.B. 4. Reinigungsstufe). Die Vorgehensweise zur Priorisierung von Substanzen hinsichtlich ihres ökotoxikologischen Effektpotentials eignet sich sehr gut, Antibiotika mit dem höchsten Schadpotential zu identifizieren.
Die Verschneidung der Kenntnis dieser Substanzen mit den Ergebnissen der SFA macht deutlich, dass mit Ausnahme der Makrolide, alle ökotoxikologisch priorisierten Antibiotika eine mangelhafte PrognosefĂ€higkeit aufweisen. Die unvollstĂ€ndige Abbildung kritischer Stoffströme, wie z.B. Frachtspitzen, fĂŒhrt insbesondere im Fall der ökotoxikologisch priorisierten Substanzen zu einer Minderung der Aussagekraft des auf Verschreibungsdaten beruhenden Prognoseansatzes. An diesem Punkt ist in zukĂŒnftigen Betrachtungen anzusetzen, um die QualitĂ€t von Verschreibungsdaten zu verbessern, potentiell nicht erfasste Emittenten in die Betrachtungen einzubeziehen, sowie die Dynamik der RĂŒckhalte- und Eliminationsprozesse in der Kanalisation adĂ€quat beschreiben zu können. Die ergĂ€nzende Betrachtung weiterer Anlagentechnologien (z.B. Festbettreaktoren) kann zur BestĂ€tigung der am Beispiel der KlĂ€ranlage Dresden-Kaditz gewonnenen Ergebnisse beitragen bzw. Unterschiede bei der Elimination von Antibiotika das Potential, die Problematik der Antibiotika und anderer Mikroschadstoffe bereits wĂ€hrend der Planung von Abwasseranlagen berĂŒcksichtigen zu können.:Abstract 2
Danksagung 1
Table of Contents 1
Chapter 1 â Introduction 1
Scope 1
Goals and structure 3
Approach and Methods 5
Chapter 2 â Representative input load of antibiotics to WWTPs: Predictive
accuracy and determination of a required sampling quantity 11
Introduction 14
Materials and Methods 16
Results and discussion 24
Conclusion 38
References 39
Chapter 3 â Mass flow of antibiotics in a wastewater treatment plant
focusing on removal variations due to operational parameters 41
Introduction 45
Materials and Methods 47
Results and discussion 52
Conclusions 65
References 66
Chapter 4 â Species-related risk assessment of antibiotics using the
probability distribution of long-term toxicity data as weighting function
â a case study 71
Introduction 74
Materials and Methods 75
Results and discussion 86
Conclusions and summary 93
References 95
Chapter 5 â Environmental risk assessment of antibiotics including
synergistic and antagonistic combination effects 99
Materials and Methods 104
Results 113
Discussion 120
Conclusions and summary . 125
References 126
Chapter 6 â Results and conclusions 129
Individual results 131
Aggregation of results 133
Final conclusions 134
References 139
Annex 1 â Supplementary material Chapter 2 141
Annex 2 â Supplementary material Chapter 3 147
Annex 3 â Supplementary material Chapter 4 159
Annex 4 â Supplementary material Chapter 5 17
US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter 2017: Community Report
This white paper summarizes the workshop "U.S. Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in
Dark Matter" held at University of Maryland on March 23-25, 2017.Comment: 102 pages + reference
Human Resources Investment through the Scholarship Program Implementation for Sustainable Development in the Local Region
Bojonegoro is the region that contributes 30 percent of national oil, so it is hoped that natural resources can be converted into human resources which are sustainable development investments, looking at the future of Bojonegoro Regency from the HDI perspective to achieve the largest target, whether the policy about scholarships taken has full implications for sustainable development, the researcher is using the Double Exponential Smoothing method. Data were obtained from the Regional Development Planning Agency and the Statistics of Bojonegoro report. Based on the calculation results, the best forecasting is obtained based on the measurement accuracy value of 0.7 MAPE Â 0.385 persen means that its very good criteria, with many scholarship programs from 2019-2021, concludin using qualitative methods plus 2022 Village RPL scholarships with the number of thousands of people, after graduating in 2024 IPM Bojonegoro is predicted to enter the high category, namely the highest score of 72.08 even more, as an outcome of the program it can be practiced because it is intended for stakeholders and structural drivers of villages in Bojonegoro, and this is in line with sustainable development
Production Engineering and Management
The annual International Conference on Production Engineering and Management takes place for the sixth time his year, and can therefore be considered a well - established event that is the result of the joint effort of the OWL University of Applied Sciences and the University of Trieste. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program âProduction Engineering and Managementâ by the two partner universities.
The main goal of the conference is to provide an opportunity for students, researchers and professionals from Germany, Italy and abroad, to meet and exchange information, discuss experiences, specific practices and technical solutions used in planning, design and management of production and service systems. In addition, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of
Symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy. Especially the contributions of successful graduates of the Double Degree Master Program âProduction Engineering and Managementâ and those of other postgraduate researchers from several European countries have been enforced.
This yearâs special focus is on Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0, a topic of great interest for the global industry. The concept is spreading, but the actual solutions must be presented in order to highlight
the practical benefits to industry and customers. Indeed, as Henning Banthien, Secretary General of the German
âPlattform Industrie 4.0â project office, has recently remarked, âIndustry 4.0 requires a close alliance amongst the private sector, academia, politics and trade unionsâ in order to be âtranslated into practice and be implemented nowâ.
PEM 2016 takes place between September 29 and 30, 2016 at the OWL University of Applied Sciences in Lemgo. The program is defined by the Organizing and Scientific Committees and clustered into scientific sessions
covering topics of main interest and importance to the participants of the conference. The scientific sessions deal
with technical and engineering issues, as well as management topics, and include contributions by researchers from academia and industry. The extended abstracts and full papers of the contributions underwent a double -
blind review process. The 24 accepted presentations are assigned, according to their subject, to one of the following sessions: âDirect Digital Manufacturing in the Context of Industry 4.0â, âIndustrial Engineering and Lean Managementâ, âManagement Techniques and Methodologiesâ, âWood Processing Technologies and Furniture Productionâ and âInnovation Techniques and Methodologies
- âŠ