130 research outputs found
Interference mitigation in cognitive femtocell networks
âA thesis submitted to the University of Bedfordshire, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophyâ.Femtocells have been introduced as a solution to poor indoor coverage in cellular communication which has hugely attracted network operators and stakeholders. However, femtocells are designed to co-exist alongside macrocells providing improved spatial frequency reuse and higher spectrum efficiency to name a few. Therefore, when deployed in the two-tier architecture with macrocells, it is necessary to mitigate the inherent co-tier and cross-tier
interference. The integration of cognitive radio (CR) in femtocells introduces the ability of femtocells to dynamically adapt to varying network conditions through learning and reasoning.
This research work focuses on the exploitation of cognitive radio in femtocells to mitigate the mutual interference caused in the two-tier architecture. The research work presents original contributions in mitigating interference in femtocells by introducing practical approaches which comprises a power control scheme where femtocells adaptively controls its transmit power levels to reduce the interference it causes in a network. This is especially useful since femtocells are user deployed as this seeks to mitigate interference based on their blind placement in an indoor environment. Hybrid interference mitigation schemes which combine power control and resource/scheduling are also implemented. In a joint threshold power based admittance and contention free resource allocation scheme, the mutual interference between a Femtocell Access Point (FAP) and close-by User Equipments (UE) is mitigated based on admittance. Also, a hybrid scheme where FAPs opportunistically use Resource Blocks (RB) of Macrocell User Equipments (MUE) based on its traffic load use is also employed. Simulation analysis present improvements when these schemes are applied with emphasis in Long Term
Evolution (LTE) networks especially in terms of Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR)
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Performance Modelling and Analysis of a New CoMP-based Handover Scheme for Next Generation Wireless Networks. Performance Modelling and Analysis for the Design and Development of a New Handover Scheme for Cell Edge Users in Next Generation Wireless Networks (NGWNs) Based on the Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) Joint Transmission (JT) Technique
Inter-Cell Interference (ICI) will be one of main problems for degrading the performance of future wireless networks at cell edge. This adverse situation will become worst in the presence of dense deployment of micro and macro cells. In this context, the Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technique was introduced to mitigate ICI in Next Generation Wireless Networks (NGWN) and increase their network performance at cell edge. Even though the CoMP technique provides satisfactory solutions of various problems at cell edge, nevertheless existing CoMP handover schemes do not prevent unnecessary handover initialisation decisions and never discuss the drawbacks of CoMP handover technique such as excessive feedback and resource sharing among UEs. In this research, new CoMP-based handover schemes are proposed in order to minimise unnecessary handover decisions at cell edge and determine solution of drawbacks of CoMP technique in conjunction with signal measurements such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and Received Signal Received Quality (RSRQ). A combination of calculations of RSRP and RSRQ facilitate a credible decision making process of CoMP mode and handover mode at cell edge. Typical numerical experiments indicate that by triggering the CoMP mode along with solutions of drawbacks, the overall network performance is constantly increase as the number of unnecessary handovers is progressively reduced
Deep Q-Learning for Self-Organizing Networks Fault Management and Radio Performance Improvement
We propose an algorithm to automate fault management in an outdoor cellular
network using deep reinforcement learning (RL) against wireless impairments.
This algorithm enables the cellular network cluster to self-heal by allowing RL
to learn how to improve the downlink signal to interference plus noise ratio
through exploration and exploitation of various alarm corrective actions. The
main contributions of this paper are to 1) introduce a deep RL-based fault
handling algorithm which self-organizing networks can implement in a polynomial
runtime and 2) show that this fault management method can improve the radio
link performance in a realistic network setup. Simulation results show that our
proposed algorithm learns an action sequence to clear alarms and improve the
performance in the cellular cluster better than existing algorithms, even
against the randomness of the network fault occurrences and user movements.Comment: (c) 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission
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THROUGHPUT OPTIMIZATION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE DOWNLINK IN THE LTE SYSTEM
Nowadays, the usage of smart phones is very popular. More and more people access the Internet with their smart phones. This demands higher data rates from the mobile network operators. Every year the number of users and the amount of information is increasing dramatically. The wireless technology should ensure high data rates to be able to compete with the wire-based technology. The main advantage of the wireless system is the ability for user to be mobile. The 4G LTE system made it possible to gain very high peak data rates. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the improvement of the system performance for the downlink based on different antenna configurations and different scheduling algorithms. Moreover, the fairness between the users using different schedulers has been analyzed and evaluated. Furthermore, the energy efficiency of the scheduling algorithms in the downlink of LTE systems has been considered. Some important parts of the LTE system are described in the theoretical part of this thesis.fi=OpinnÀytetyö kokotekstinÀ PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=LÀrdomsprov tillgÀngligt som fulltext i PDF-format
Models of Control Channels in the LTE System
DizertaÄnĂ prĂĄce se zabĂœvĂĄ zpracovĂĄnĂm signĂĄlu fyzickĂœch ĆĂdicĂch kanĂĄlĆŻ systĂ©mu LTE a vyĆĄetĆovĂĄnĂm bitovĂ© chybovosti pĆi pĆenosu ĆĂdicĂ informace z vysĂlaÄe do pĆijĂmaÄe v zĂĄvislosti na podmĂnkĂĄch pĆĂjmu. PrĂĄce je rozdÄlena do dvou hlavnĂch ÄĂĄstĂ. PrvnĂ ÄĂĄst prĂĄce je zamÄĆena na simulaci pĆenosu ĆĂdicĂ informace LTE v zĂĄkladnĂm pĂĄsmu. Jsou zde prezentovĂĄny vytvoĆenĂ© simulĂĄtory ĆĂdicĂch kanĂĄlĆŻ ve smÄru uplink i downlink. Simulace jsou provedeny pro vĆĄechny druhy nastavenĂ systĂ©mu a zĂĄkladnĂ modely pĆenosovĂ©ho prostĆedĂ. Jsou zde popsĂĄny vĂœsledky vlivu pouĆŸitĂ MIMO technologiĂ na kvalitu pĆĂjmu ĆĂdicĂ informace pĆedevĆĄĂm v ĂșnikovĂœch kanĂĄlech. DruhĂĄ ÄĂĄst prĂĄce je zamÄĆena na moĆŸnost nasazenĂ systĂ©mu LTE ve sdĂlenĂ©m pĂĄsmu ISM (2.4 GHz). Jsou zde pĆedstaveny zĂĄkladnĂ koncepce pouĆŸitĂ, na jejichĆŸ zĂĄkladÄ je vytvoĆen scĂ©nĂĄĆ simulacĂ. Kapitola dĂĄle popisuje tvorbu simulĂĄtoru koexistence LTE a systĂ©mu Wi-Fi v pĆenesenĂ©m pĂĄsmu ISM 2.4GHz. Jsou zde uvedeny vĂœsledky simulacĂ koexistence LTE a ruĆĄivĂ©ho systĂ©mu Wi-Fi provedenĂœch dle vytvoĆenĂ©ho scĂ©nĂĄĆe. VĂœsledky simulacĂ koexistence LTE a Wi-Fi jsou ovÄĆeny mÄĆenĂm v laboratornĂch podmĂnkĂĄch. Toto porovnĂĄnĂ je dĆŻleĆŸitĂ© z hlediska optimalizace simulĂĄtoru koexistence. Dle vĂœsledkĆŻ obou typĆŻ simulacĂ a mÄĆenĂ jsou stanovena provoznĂ doporuÄenĂ, kterĂĄ majĂ pĆispÄt k bezpeÄnĂ©mu a spolehlivĂ©mu vysĂlĂĄnĂ a pĆĂjmu ĆĂdicĂch informacĂ LTE i pĆi nepĆĂznivĂœch podmĂnkĂĄch pĆĂjmu.The doctoral thesis is focused on a signal processing in the LTE physical control channels and performance analysis of control information transmission according to receiving conditions. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with simulation of the transmission of control information in baseband. The created simulators for uplink and downlink are presented. The simulations are performed for all possible system settings and various channel models. The MIMO influence on a quality of control information reception under fading channels is also presented. The second part of the thesis is focused on LTE utilization in shared channel ISM (2.4 GHz). The basic LTE application concept for ISM band is presented. This concept is fundamental to created simulation scenario. The chapter also presents the LTE and Wi-Fi coexistence simulator in 2.4 GHz ISM passband. The coexistence simulation are presented according to simulation scenario and the results are shown. The simulated coexistence analysis results are verified in laboratory environment. The comparison of the simulated and the measured coexistence analysis results is crucial for further optimization of the coexistence simulator. Recommendations for optimal and reliable operation of LTE are specified according to the simulated and the measured results. Recommendations should be useful to the reliable transmission of LTE control information in bad receiving conditions.
Studies on 6-sector-site deployment in downlink LTE
Mobile data traffic is expected to increase massively in the following years. Consequently, service operators are induced to increase the capacity of their networks continually to attract more subscribers and maximize their revenues. At the same time, they want to minimize operational costs and capital expenditures. Among the alternatives that aim to increase the network capacity, higher order sectorization, and in particular a six sectorized configuration, is nowadays attracting a lot of attention for LTE macro-cell deployments since a higher number of sectors per site results in improved site capacity and coverage. A six sectorized configuration is attractive for both roll-out phase and growth phase of the network. In the roll-out phase, the radio access network is planned with 6-sector sites instead of 3-sector sites with the advantage that less sites are needed for the same capacity and coverage requirements. In the growth phase, the six sectorized configuration can be used to upgrade existing 3-sector sites where the traffic grows beyond the current sites' capabilities. Therefore, no additional expensive and time consuming contracts need to be signed for the locations of the new sites, while the existing sites are used more efficiently. However, although potentially a 6-sector site can offer a double capacity than a 3-sector site, several factors prevent the capacity from growing proportionately to the number of sectors. Consequently, there is an uncertainty on whether the capacity gain is high enough to justify the extra costs of the additional equipment and, more specifically, whether the 6-sector-site deployment is more economically attractive than a 3-sector-site deployment. The aim of this report is to solve this uncertainty. First, we present the main factors that affect the capacity gain. Next, we quantify the impact of these factors on the capacity gain in downlink LTE with the use of a system level simulator. Finally, we use the results of the simulation study as inputs for an economic study to access the reasons for a possible deployment of 6-sector sites instead of 3-sector sites for LTE
Performance analysis of prioritization in LTE networks with the Vienna LTE system level simulator
This study was performed with two main goals in mind. The first goal was to understand the prioritisation capabilities in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks and how it is done. The second goal was to understand the simulation of LTE networks (Vienna LTE simulator) and to add on the system level simulator an algorithm that will lead us to have priority access for some users following their QoS Class Identifier (QCI) and finally analyse the results
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