A Novel Intelligence-based e-Procurement System to offer Maximum Fairness Index in Ongoing Auction Process

A perfect auction policy is one of the most strategic elements that contribute to success factor for any e-Procurement system. An auction policy can be only term as an effective if it really offer win-win situation to both the bidder as well as to the merchant. After reviewing existing studies on e-Procurement system, it is found that there isno effective research work focusing on this point and maximum research contribution has limited its scope to certain application or case studis. Hence, the proposed system introduces a novel e-Procurement system which is equipped by an itelligence-building process for performing predictive analysis of ongoing auction process. A mathematical modelling is implemented where all teh variables have been formed using practical implementation of auction system and followed by optimization process using regression-based approach. The study outcome shows that proposed system offers better response time and higher predictive accuracy in contrast to existing approaches

Online Fundraising Through the Lenses of Law, Economics, and Sociology: Examples from American P2P Lending and Thai Rotating Savings and Credit Association

In recent years, online lending has become a new method of financing that allows people to lend and borrow anywhere anytime. Yet, due to its complex and wide-ranging operation, the online lending phenomena has become one of the most buzzing regulatory concerns. Online lending not only challenges incumbent loan providers like commercial banks by providing loans to unserved borrowers at attractive rates, it also presents unprecedented investment opportunities for individual lenders who are often referred to as ‘peer’ or ‘crowd’ to lend out their money commercially. In this dissertation, I explore how two different online lending methods help individual lenders who often lack financial sophistication to make safe investment and how laws and regulations may affect online lending businesses and their consumers. This dissertation includes two essays that examine two examples of online lending practices: peer-to-peer (P2P) lending in the United States and online rotating savings and credit association (ROSCA) in Thailand. The first essay argues P2P lending platforms originally endorsed interpersonal relationships in lending and adopted many peer-to-peer features, such as social networks, personal profiles and group affiliations because interpersonal relationships are valuable and imperative for individual lenders and borrowers on P2P lending platforms. Nevertheless, the laws and regulations on P2P lending in the United States have caused P2P lending platforms to relinquish their commitments to utilize interpersonal relationships. The disappearance of interpersonal relationship on P2P lending platforms results in worse economic and sociological outcomes for individual lenders.The second essay argues that interpersonal relationship is paramount to the success of ROSCAs in Thailand. Traditionally, ROSCA participants rely on their interpersonal relationships to lend and borrow from each other. Recently, an online form of ROSCAs has emerged and spread. Online ROSCAs allow strangers, who have no interpersonal relationship to easily create a virtual ROSCA. Such a risk alarms the financial regulators, lawmakers, and the public. Nevertheless, the current regulatory landscape on ROSCAs have also been developed based on a long concern of frauds created by informal fundraising methods. While the current regulatory regime aims to ban and restrict ROSCAs which are operate beyond a local and personal level, the regulations effectively deem the whole category of online ROSCAs illegal and drove them to operate outside to the formal financial system. Both P2P lending in the United States and ROSCAs in Thailand utilize interpersonal relationships among parties of lending transaction to address four fundamental concerns in lending: uncertainty, information asymmetry, interpersonal trust, and institutional trust. From an economic perspective, Ronald Coase’s proposition suggests that personal relationships may help reduce uncertainty and information asymmetry in economic transactions including lending. From a sociological perspective, Francis Fukuyama and Linda Molm acknowledge the importance of interpersonal trust and institutional trust within financial exchanges. Interpersonal relationships among actors of a financial transaction can build and maintain interpersonal trust and institutional trust. This dissertation also applies both the economic and sociological perspectives to understand how laws and regulations might affect P2P lending platforms, and traditional and online ROSCAs. The studies of P2P lending platforms and online ROSCAs exemplify how the current laws and regulations which were developed based on more traditional financial methods can shift new financial services, particularly online lending, into a worse position

Методичні вказівки до практичних занять та самостійної роботи з розвитку умінь та навичок професійного спілкування англійською мовою

Дані методичні вказівки призначені для аудиторних занять з іноземної мови під керівництвом викладача, а також можуть використовуватися для самостійного опрацювання. Методичні вказівки спрямовані на оволодіння необхідним граматичним та лексичним матеріалом з англійської мови. Робота складається з двох розділів, в яких подано сучасні тексти з наукових видань за спеціальностями комп’ютерних та інформаційних технологій, що дозволяють використовувати методичні вказівки для повторення вивченого матеріалу, для самостійної роботи з текстами в аудиторії та вдом

Technology market intermediaries to facilitate external technology exploitation: The case of IP auctions

Recently the phenomena of external technology exploitation (ETE) has started to attract attention from scholars, businesses and politicians likewise alongside with a growth of the markets for technology. However, the markets for technology are still characterized by inhibiting obstacles that lead to high transaction costs, thus prohibit efficient transactions and result in market failure. Although, on the one hand the presence of obstacles lead to high transaction costs, the large market potential on the other hand provides incentives for technology market intermediaries (TMI) to develop new exploitation models to facilitate ETE transactions by reducing transaction costs. Throughout this paper we address the general research question of whether and how new exploitation models can actually facilitate ETE. To address this question, in a first step we generate insights into TMIs acting on the markets for technology and derived a conceptual basis for a further understanding of TMIs. Having carried out a detailed review of the literature, we develop a theory based typology for six TMI archetypes. Throughout this exercise we gain insights into the variety of different functions TMIs have on the markets for technology and various new ways how TMIs try to facilitate ETE transactions. Throughout the second part of this paper, we focus on IP auctions as one particular business model of the archetype “IP Broker”. We investigate this “young” business model presenting first insights into two qualitative studies. In a first step we derive a generic IP auction process based on a qualitative, empirical analysis of IP auction processes. We then translate these results into a theory based process view and derive a generic IP auction process as a specific type of an ETE process. Having thus generated a close understanding of the transaction process, we presented results from four cases of successful transactions, i.e. where patents were sold for particular high prices from two SMEs and two MNCs. The case studies are analyzed according to four main aspects including characteristics of the companies that exploited patented technologies (including motives and selection processes), the patented technology as such, the organization of the transaction and the companies’ perceptions regarding the success of the transactions. --

Wide-Area Time-Synchronized Closed-Loop Control of Power Systems And Decentralized Active Distribution Networks

The rapidly expanding power system grid infrastructure and the need to reduce the occurrence of major blackouts and prevention or hardening of systems against cyber-attacks, have led to increased interest in the improved resilience of the electrical grid. Distributed and decentralized control have been widely applied to computer science research. However, for power system applications, the real-time application of decentralized and distributed control algorithms introduce several challenges. In this dissertation, new algorithms and methods for decentralized control, protection and energy management of Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control (WAMPAC) and the Active Distribution Network (ADN) are developed to improve the resiliency of the power system. To evaluate the findings of this dissertation, a laboratory-scale integrated Wide WAMPAC and ADN control platform was designed and implemented. The developed platform consists of phasor measurement units (PMU), intelligent electronic devices (IED) and programmable logic controllers (PLC). On top of the designed hardware control platform, a multi-agent cyber-physical interoperability viii framework was developed for real-time verification of the developed decentralized and distributed algorithms using local wireless and Internet-based cloud communication. A novel real-time multiagent system interoperability testbed was developed to enable utility independent private microgrids standardized interoperability framework and define behavioral models for expandability and plug-and-play operation. The state-of-theart power system multiagent framework is improved by providing specific attributes and a deliberative behavior modeling capability. The proposed multi-agent framework is validated in a laboratory based testbed involving developed intelligent electronic device prototypes and actual microgrid setups. Experimental results are demonstrated for both decentralized and distributed control approaches. A new adaptive real-time protection and remedial action scheme (RAS) method using agent-based distributed communication was developed for autonomous hybrid AC/DC microgrids to increase resiliency and continuous operability after fault conditions. Unlike the conventional consecutive time delay-based overcurrent protection schemes, the developed technique defines a selectivity mechanism considering the RAS of the microgrid after fault instant based on feeder characteristics and the location of the IEDs. The experimental results showed a significant improvement in terms of resiliency of microgrids through protection using agent-based distributed communication

A Systematic Literature Review of Peer-to-Peer, Community Self-Consumption, and Transactive Energy Market Models

Capper, T., Gorbatcheva, A., Mustafa, M. A., Bahloul, M., Schwidtal, J. M., Chitchyan, R., Andoni, M., Robu, V., Montakhabi, M., Scott, I., Francis, C., Mbavarira, T., Espana, J. M., & Kiesling, L. (2021). A Systematic Literature Review of Peer-to-Peer, Community Self-Consumption, and Transactive Energy Market Models. Social Science Research Network (SSRN), Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3959620Peer-to-peer and transactive energy markets, and community or collective self-consumption offer new models for trading energy locally. Over the past 10 years there has been significant growth in the amount of academic literature and trial projects examining how these energy trading models might function. This systematic literature review of 139 peer-reviewed journal articles examines the market designs used in these energy trading models. The Business Ecosystem Architecture Modelling framework is used to extract information about the market models used in the literature and identify differences and similarities between the models. This paper identifies six archetypal market designs and three archetypal auction mechanisms used in markets presented in the reviewed literature. It classifies the types of commodities being traded, the benefits of the markets and other features such as the types of grid models. Finally, this paper identifies five evidence gaps which need future research before these markets can be widely adopted.publishersversionpublishe