4G/5G cellular networks metrology and management

La prolifération d'applications et de services sophistiqués s'accompagne de diverses exigences de performances, ainsi que d'une croissance exponentielle du trafic pour le lien montant (uplink) et descendant (downlink). Les réseaux cellulaires tels que 4G et 5G évoluent pour prendre en charge cette quantité diversifiée et énorme de données. Le travail de cette thèse vise le renforcement de techniques avancées de gestion et supervision des réseaux cellulaires prenant l'explosion du trafic et sa diversité comme deux des principaux défis dans ces réseaux. La première contribution aborde l'intégration de l'intelligence dans les réseaux cellulaires via l'estimation du débit instantané sur le lien montant pour de petites granularités temporelles. Un banc d'essai 4G temps réel est déployé dans ce but de fournir un benchmark exhaustif des métriques de l'eNB. Des estimations précises sont ainsi obtenues. La deuxième contribution renforce le découpage 5G en temps réel au niveau des ressources radio dans un système multicellulaire. Pour cela, deux modèles d'optimisation ont été proposés. Du fait de leurs temps d'exécution trop long, des heuristiques ont été développées et évaluées en comparaisons des modèles optimaux. Les résultats sont prometteurs, les deux heuristiques renforçant fortement le découpage du RAN en temps réel.The proliferation of sophisticated applications and services comes with diverse performance requirements as well as an exponential traffic growth for both upload and download. The cellular networks such as 4G and 5G are advocated to support this diverse and huge amount of data. This thesis work targets the enforcement of advanced cellular network supervision and management techniques taking the traffic explosion and diversity as two main challenges in these networks. The first contribution tackles the intelligence integration in cellular networks through the estimation of users uplink instantaneous throughput at small time granularities. A real time 4G testbed is deployed for such aim with an exhaustive metrics benchmark. Accurate estimations are achieved.The second contribution enforces the real time 5G slicing from radio resources perspective in a multi-cell system. For that, two exact optimization models are proposed. Due to their high convergence time, heuristics are developed and evaluated with the optimal models. Results are promising, as two heuristics are highly enforcing the real time RAN slicing

Advances in Bioengineering

The technological approach and the high level of innovation make bioengineering extremely dynamic and this forces researchers to continuous updating. It involves the publication of the results of the latest scientific research. This book covers a wide range of aspects and issues related to advances in bioengineering research with a particular focus on innovative technologies and applications. The book consists of 13 scientific contributions divided in four sections: Materials Science; Biosensors. Electronics and Telemetry; Light Therapy; Computing and Analysis Techniques

A Survey on Event-based News Narrative Extraction

Narratives are fundamental to our understanding of the world, providing us with a natural structure for knowledge representation over time. Computational narrative extraction is a subfield of artificial intelligence that makes heavy use of information retrieval and natural language processing techniques. Despite the importance of computational narrative extraction, relatively little scholarly work exists on synthesizing previous research and strategizing future research in the area. In particular, this article focuses on extracting news narratives from an event-centric perspective. Extracting narratives from news data has multiple applications in understanding the evolving information landscape. This survey presents an extensive study of research in the area of event-based news narrative extraction. In particular, we screened over 900 articles that yielded 54 relevant articles. These articles are synthesized and organized by representation model, extraction criteria, and evaluation approaches. Based on the reviewed studies, we identify recent trends, open challenges, and potential research lines.Comment: 37 pages, 3 figures, to be published in the journal ACM CSU

Untersuchung von Biopolymereigenschaften mittels Fluoreszenzkorrelationsspektroskopie und computergestützter Methoden

Barsch H. Investigation of biopolymer properties with combined fluorescence correlation spectroscopic and computational methods. Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University; 2008.Neue Erkenntnisse bezüglich der Polymerstruktur von Poly-L-prolinen und einzelsträngigen Polythyminen in wässriger Lösung werden in dieser Arbeit präsentiert. Die Kombination von zeitkorrelierter Einzelphotonenregistrierung (TCSPC) und Fluoreszenzkorrelationsspektroskopie (FCS) von mit Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen markierten Polyprolinderivaten, F-(Pro)N-Trp (mit N = 2 - 10 und F = MR113, MR121, R6G), legen nahe, dass Sub-Populationen der Polyproline mit verringertem Endabstand existieren. Diese Endabstände wurden ebenfalls mittels vereinfachter Molekülmechanik-Simulationen für verschiedene Isomere der Polyproline vorausgesagt. Durch Einbringen von vereinzelten cis-Bindungen in die Prolinpolymere kann gezeigt werden, dass trans-cis-Isomerisierung die Endabstände eines Polymers deutlich verringern kann. Diese Endabstandsverkürzung entspricht den experimentell beobachteten Sub-Populationen, welche bei FCS-Messungen erhöhte Löschung durch photoinduzierten Elektronentransfer ermittelt wurden. Mit einem Fluoreszenzfarbstoff markierte, einzelsträngige Polythymine, MR121-(dT)N (mit N = 2 - 100), wurden durch FCS und moleküldynamische Simulationen untersucht. Die spektroskopischen Messungen liefern längenabhängige hydrodynamische Radien der Polythyminproben, deren Abhängigkeit durch ein Potenzgesetz mit einem Exponenten von 0,5 - 0,7 von der Ionenstärke, I, des Lösungsmittels abhängen. Die Persistenzlänge von MR121-(dT)100, Lp, wurde berechnet und zeigt die Abhängigkeit Lp = I^m mit m = -0,22 ± 0,01. Der Vergleich mit moleküldynamischen Simulationen verschiedener markierter und unmarkierter Polythyminderivate zeigt, dass sich Polythymine wie semiflexible Polmere verhalten, dass für Kettenmoleküle mit einer Länge von N > 30 der Einfluss der Farbstoffmarkierung vernachlässigbar ist und dass elektrostatische Wechselwirkungen bei einer Natriumchlorid-Konzentration von 100 mM vollständig abgeschirmt sind. Weiterhin zeigten die Simulationen, dass die statische Flexibilität der Polythymine durch sterische und geometrische Einschränkungen limitiert ist, was durch eine intrinsische Persistenzlänge von 1,7 nm ausgedrückt werden kann.This thesis presents new insights into the structure of poly-L-proline and single-stranded polythymine polymers in aqueous solution. The combination of time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) of fluorescently labeled polyproline derivatives, F-(Pro)N-Trp (with N = 2 - 10 and F = MR113, MR121, R6G), suggest that subpopulations of polyprolines with a reduced end-to-end distance exist. End-to-end distances have also been predicted for different isomers of polyprolines by means of simplified molecular mechanics simulations. Incorporating interspersed cis-bonds into the polyproline shows that trans-cis isomerization leads to significantly shorter end-to-end distances. This fits the experimental results of subpopulations with increased photoinduced electron transfer quenching observed in fluorescent correlation spectroscopy experiments. Fluorescently labeled single-stranded polythymines, MR121-(dT)N (with N = 2 - 100), have been investigated through FCS and molecular dynamics simulations. The spectroscopic measurements resulted in length-dependent hydrodynamic radii of the polythymine probes, which scale according to a power law with an exponent of 0.5 - 0.7 dependent on ionic strength, I, of the solvent. The persistence length of MR121-(dT)100, Lp, has been evaluated which shows a dependence of Lp = I^m with m = - 0.22 ± 0.01. The comparison to molecular dynamics simulations of various labeled and unlabeled polythymine derivatives revealed a semiflexible polymer behavior with neglectable influence of the fluorescent label for polymers with N > 30 and that electrostatic interactions are completely shielded at sodium chloride concentrations of 100 mM. Furthermore, simulation results showed polythymine's static flexibility to be limited by steric and geometric constraints which can be expressed by an intrinsic persistence length of 1.7 nm

Ubiquitous Computing

The aim of this book is to give a treatment of the actively developed domain of Ubiquitous computing. Originally proposed by Mark D. Weiser, the concept of Ubiquitous computing enables a real-time global sensing, context-aware informational retrieval, multi-modal interaction with the user and enhanced visualization capabilities. In effect, Ubiquitous computing environments give extremely new and futuristic abilities to look at and interact with our habitat at any time and from anywhere. In that domain, researchers are confronted with many foundational, technological and engineering issues which were not known before. Detailed cross-disciplinary coverage of these issues is really needed today for further progress and widening of application range. This book collects twelve original works of researchers from eleven countries, which are clustered into four sections: Foundations, Security and Privacy, Integration and Middleware, Practical Applications

An analysis of spatial percolation structures using a network approach

Includes bibliographical references.In this thesis we analyse several spatial structures, built from percolation models, by means of an approach used so far in the field of network science. In the first chapter we summarize the major network concepts and characterizations that have been obtained as regards the statistical properties of several data sets or theoretical models, We also give a brief introduction to percolation theory and its applications, adding details in two particular cases where mathematical results are available. In the second chapter we then study one particular application of percolation theory to the modelling of distribution and species abundance at different seales. We mainly focus on the way percolation theory was used to compare two diffcrcnt spatial patterns, particularly the random and the aggrergated distribution

AAS/GSFC 13th International Symposium on Space Flight Dynamics

This conference proceedings preprint includes papers and abstracts presented at the 13th International Symposium on Space Flight Dynamics. Cosponsored by American Astronautical Society and the Guidance, Navigation and Control Center of the Goddard Space Flight Center, this symposium featured technical papers on a wide range of issues related to orbit-attitude prediction, determination, and control; attitude sensor calibration; attitude dynamics; and mission design

Volare Mobile Context-aware Adaptation for the Cloud

As the explosive growth in the proliferation and use of mobile devices accelerates, more web service providers move their premises on the Cloud under the Software as a Service (SaaS) service model. Mobile environments present new challenges that Service Discovery methods developed for non-mobile environments cannot address. The requirements a mobile client device will have from internet services may change, even at runtime, due to variable context, which may include hardware resources, environmental variables (like network availability) and user preferences. Binding to a discovered service having QoS levels different from the ones imposed by current context and policy requirements may lead to low application performance, excessive consumption of mobile resources such as battery life and service disruption, especially for long lasting foreground applications like media-streaming, navigation etc. This thesis presents the Volare approach for performing parameter adaptation for service requests to Cloud services, in SaaS architecture. For this purpose, we introduce an adaptive mobile middleware solution that performs context-aware QoS parameter adaptation. When service discovery is initiated, the middleware calculates the optimal service requests QoS levels under the current context, policy requirements and goals and adapts the service request accordingly. At runtime, it can trigger dynamic service rediscovery following significant context changes, to ensure optimal binding. The adaptation logic is built through the characteristics of the declarative domain-specific Volare Adaptation Policy Specification Language (APSL). Key characteristics of this approach include two-level policy support (providing both device specific and application specific adaptation), integration of a User Preferences Model and high behavioral (parameter adaptation) variability, by allowing multiple weighted adaptation rules to influence each QoS variable. The Volare approach supports unanticipated quantitative long term performance goals (LTPGs) with finite horizons. A use case and a proof-of-concept implementation have been developed on cloud service discovery through a cloud service provider, as well as an appropriate case study, which demonstrates significant savings in battery consumption, provider data usage and monetary cost, compared to unadapted QoS service bindings, while consistently avoiding service disruptions caused by QoS levels that the device cannot support. In addition, adaptation policies using the Volare approach tend to increase in size, in a mostly linear fashion, instead of the combinatorial increase of more conventional situation-action approaches