Política, cultura y sociedad en la España de Franco (1939-1975), tomo II/2, Los intentos de las minorías dirigentes de modernizar el Estado tradicional español (1947-1956). [Reseña]

Reseña de: Gonzalo Redondo, Política, cultura y sociedad en la España de Franco (1939-1975), tomo II/2, Los intentos de las minorías dirigentes de modernizar el Estado tradicional español (1947-1956), eunsa, Pamplona 2009, 1.120 pp

Influence of religion on politics in Pakistan 1947 - 1956

Pakistan came into existence as the result of Muslim belief that within the Indo-Pakistan Sub-Continent there lived two distinct nations, the Hindus and the Muslims. It was understood that the Muslims would be relegated to a permanent minority group if a separate political entity such as Pakistan was not created. However, the strife for Pakistan was not led by the men of religion but the westernized intelegentia. However, once Pakistan was created the 'Ulama began to voice the opinions that Pakistan has been specifically created for the purpose of creating a State based on Islam. When the Constituent Assembly sat down to frame a constitution for Pakistan a controversy ensued within it and outside. The main questions which came under discussion were; Should Pakistan be an Islamic State based on Shari’a ? If so what is an Islamic State and vdiat political and social institutions should be created to set it up and preserve it ? How should the position of 15% non-Muslims living within the political boundaries of Pakistan be resolved and what should be their legal and social position ? What should be the qualifications and powers of the Head of the State and how should he be elected and finally what steps should be taken to ensure that no laws repugnant to Islam are enacted ? The 'Ulama such as Maulana Shabbir Ahmad 'Upsmanl, and MaulanS Abul A'la Maududi were actively involved in Politics and along with other 'Ulama began to put pressure on the Constituent Assembly to create a Constitution based on Islam. This Thesis is mainly a study of influence of the men of religion on Constitution making up to the framing of the 1956 Constitution. The first Chapter discusses the political background of the creation of Pakistan. The second Chapter comprises firstly the development of Islamic political thought and secondly the concept of Islamic state as envisaged by some of the contemporary Pakistan Authorities on Islam. The Third Chapter then endeavours to trace the influence of religion on the process of constitution making. This is followed by a Conclusion

Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (Fall 1987)

The Fall 1987 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles: 60th Anniversary Issue O. J. Snyder Medal Laureates PCOM Presidents PCOM Deans 1898-1913: Founders & Foundations 1914-1926: The Spring Garden Era 1927-1936: Development & Depression 1937-1946: The War Years 1947-1956: The Post-War Era 1957-1966: The Grandest Expansion 1967-1976: Progress & Exhilaration 1977-1987: Arrivals & New Departures On Campus: Faculty in Focus Class Acts Sun Coast Hospital Celebrates Its Founder & 30th Anniversary In Memoriam Calendarhttps://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/digest/1122/thumbnail.jp

The establishment of dermatovenereology in Bukovina: the role of professor Z.N. Grzhebin as the founder of the scientific school of dermatovenerology

У роботі висвітлено основні історичні віхи становлення дерматовенерологічної служби у Чернівецькій області (Північній Буковині) та роль доктора медичних наук, професора Гржебіна Зіновія Наумовича, завідувача кафедри шкірно-венеричних хвороб Чернівецького державного медичного інституту в 1947-1956 рр., як засновника наукової дерматовенерологічної школи в регіоні.The paper highlights the main historical milestones of the formation of the dermatovenerology service in the Chernivtsi region (Northern Bukovina) and the role of the doctor of medical sciences, professor Grzhebin Zinoviy Naumovich, the head of the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases of the Chernivtsi State Medical Institute in 1947-1956, as the founder of the scientific dermatovenerology school in the region

The use of copper and zinc in the cereal growing district of Western Australia

Fertilisers containing small quantities of copper and zinc are widely used for crops and pastures in Western Australia, and the benefits resulting from the use of one or both of these trace elements—especially on sandy or gravelly soils—have been demonstrated in numerous trials during the past 20 years. It is estimated that about 5,000,000 acres have been treated with copper and zinc in Western Australia in the ten-year period 1947-1956. In this article, an attempt has been made to answer some of the common inquiries made by farmers concerning the use of copper and zinc in cereal-growing districts where large areas of light land are being developed

Hienofosfaatin lannoitusarvosta superfosfaattiin verrattuna : Kiinteillä koekentillä suoritettujen kokeiden tuloksia v. 1947-1956

vokKirjasto Aj-kÜber den Düngungswer feingemahlenen weihchen Rohphosphats (Renophosphat) im Vergleich mit Superphosphat : Ergebnissse von Versuchen auf permanenten Versuchsfeldern i Finland in den J. 1947-5

Climatology of the precipitation behavior in the forest district of Monte Alegre, Paraná.

This study was developed utilizing meteorological data of precipitation intensity and number of days of precipitation from 1947 to 2005. Was realized a study of the precipitation in the region, verifying the variation belong the time in the Forest District of Monte Alegre. Were analyzed the intensity of precipitation, number of days of rain and the mean rain per rain-day (mm) in terms of its average, minimum and maximum values and standard deviation, for the period of 1947 to 2005. Later, these data had been grouped in periods of 10 years, having been made a study of the evolution of the precipitation for these periods. A growth in the number of rainy days per year was observed, from decade 1947-1956 for decade 1997-2005. For the decade of 1947-1956 the average number of rainy days was 96,6 days. In the following decade (1957-1966) this value fell for 90,2 days, in the decade of 1987-1996, this value was of 108,6 in the decade of 1997-2005, this value was of 108,1. The results indicate a growth of 11,5 days annual of precipitation.Este trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de dados meteorológicos de precipitação mensal e número de dias de chuva no período de 1947 a 2005. Foi realizado um estudo do comportamento da precipitação na região do Distrito Florestal de Monte Alegre, verificando sua variação ao longo do tempo. Foram analisados a precipitação média mensal, o número de dias de chuva e a precipitação média por dia de chuva (mm) em termos de seus valores médios, mínimos e máximos e desvio padrão, para o período de 1947 a 2005. Esses dados foram agrupados em períodos de 10 anos, tendo sido feito um estudo da evolução da precipitação para esses períodos. Observou-se um aumento no número de dias de chuva por ano, a partir da década 1947–1956 para a década 1997–2005. Para a década de 1947–1956, o número médio de dias de chuva foi 96,6 dias. Na década seguinte (1957–1966), esse valor caiu para 90,2 dias. Na década de 1987–1996 foi de 108,6, e na década de 1997–2005 esse valor foi de 108,1. Os resultados indicam um crescimento de 11,5 dias anuais de precipitação

Spatial Correlates of U.S. Heights and BMIs, 2002

Aiming to further explore possible underlying causes for the recent stagnation in American heights, this paper describes the result of analysis of the commercial U.S. Sizing Survey. Using zip codes available in the data set, we consider geographic correlates of height such as local poverty rate, median income, and population density. We find that after adjusting for variables known to influence height such as income and education, population density is negatively correlated with height among white men, but only marginally among white women. Similar analysis of Body Mass Index (BMI) also shows a negative correlation with population density after adjustment for income, education, and age for both sexes. Local economic conditions as measured by median income, unemployment rate or poverty rate do not have a strong correlation with height or weight after adjusting for individual income and education

Fluctuations récentes de l’insolation au Québec

Les fluctuations mensuelles et annuelles des fractions d'insolation au Québec entre 1945 et 1978 montrent des différences nettes entre le nord (représenté par la station d'Inukjuak) et le sud (Lennoxville). La décennie 1947-1956 est relativement plus ensoleillée dans le nord, particulièrement pendant la saison froide ; la décennie 1957-1966 reçoit plus de soleil dans le sud; la décennie 1967-1976 est la plus contrastée. Ces allures différentes des mois, des années et des décennies sont mises en relation avec les relations de la pression en altitude. Les corrélations statistiques entre l'insolation et les pressions mensuelles sont le plus souvent faibles; cependant, la comparaison avec les cartes synoptiques permet de montrer comment les fluctuations de la circulation atmosphériques influencent les insolations régionales.Monthly and annual fluctuations of the percentage of possible sunshine for Québec between 1945 and 1978 reveal clear differences between the north as represented by Inukjuak and the south represented by Lennoxville. From 1947-1956, sunshine levels are greater in the north, particularly during the cold season; the opposite is true for the period 1947-1966. Contrasts are most apparent for the decade 1967-1976. These monthly, annual and decennial variations are correlated with variations in atmospheric pressure. The statistical correlations between sunshine and monthly pressure are sometimes clear cut, but more often quite weak. However, comparison with synoptic maps makes it possible to illustrate the influence of atmospheric fluctuations upon regional sunshine.Die monatlichen und jàhrlichen Schwankungen des Anteils der Sonneneinstrahlung in Québec zwischen 1945 und 1978 weisen klare Unterschiede zwischen dem Norden (durch die Station von Inukjuak reprasentiert) und dem Sùden (Lennoxville) auf. Die Dekade von 1947 bis 1956 hat relativ mehr Sonneneinstrahlung im Norden, insbesondere wàhrend der kalten Jahreszeit; die Dekade von 1957 bis 1966 hat mehr Sonnenschein im Sùden; in der Dekade von 1967 bis 1976 sind die Kontraste am groRten. Diese Varia-tionen innerhalb von Monaten, Jahren und Dekaden werden in Beziehung zu den Variationen des Luftdrucks gesetzt. Die statistischen Wechselbeziehungen zeischen Sonneneinstrahlung und dem monatUchen atmosphàrischen Druck sind meist schwa ch; indessen erlaubt der Vergleich mit synoptischen Karten zu zeigen, wie die Variationon der atmosphàrischen Bewegung die regionalen Sonneneinstrahlungen beeinflussen