POTENSI ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KADAR TOTAL FENOL TEMPE KACANG MERAH (Phaseolus vulgaris l.), KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogeae l.) DAN KACANG KEDELAI (Glycine max)

Pendahuluan: Tempe adalah olahan makanan dari fermentasi kacang – kacangan khas Indonesia dan mempunyai efek antioksidan. Produk tempe menggunakan bahan dasar kacang kedelai (Glycine max) atau bahan lain seperti kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) dan kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Kacang – kacangan tersebut memiliki nilai gizi tinggi dan aktivitas antioksidan tinggi. Dengan demikian penelitian untuk mengkaji potensi antioksidan tempe berbahan dasar ketiga kacang sangat penting dilakukan. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar total fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan tempe Phaseolus vulgaris, Arachis hypogaea dan Glycine max.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode in vitro dengan menguji ekstrak etanoltempe Phaseolus vulgaris, Arachis hypogaea dan Glycine max terhadap kadar total fenolnya menggunakan metode Folin-Ciaocalteu. Serta menguji aktivitas antioksidannya menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydracyl radical). Analisis statistik data menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 22 pada uji one way ANOVA.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar total fenol pada tempe Phaseolus vulgaris, Arachis hypogaea dan Glycine max yaitu 107,88±1,55 ; 3,11±1,27; 43,91±1,16 mg GAE/g (p≤0.05) dan aktivitas antioksidan dilihat dari nilai IC50 yaitu 312,12 ; 560,23; 623,14 μg/mL (p≤0.05). Hasil IC50 pada vitamin C sebagai kontrol pembanding, hasilnya lebih rendah dari ketiga jenis tempe tersebut (0,62 μg/mL). Vitamin C memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi.Simpulan: Tempe berbahan dasar Phaseolus vulgaris mempunyai kadar fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dibandingkan dengan tempe Arachis hypogaea dan Glycine max. Kata Kunci: Tempe Phaseolus vulgaris L., Tempe Arachis hypogaea L., Tempe Glycine max, Antioksidan.

PERBANDINGAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) Kultivar Borneo DENGAN PENYIRAMAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR BERBAHAN DASAR URIN SAPI NON FERMENTASI DAN FERMENTASI

PERBANDINGAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BUNCIS ( Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) Kultivar Borneo DENGAN PENYIRAMAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR BERBAHAN DASAR URIN SAPI NON FERMENTASI DAN FERMENTASI (Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Belajar Biologi di SMA Kelas XII pada Materi Pembelajaran Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan padaTumbuhan) Oleh Ratna Prihatin 03008042 ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) dengan penyiraman pupuk organik cair berbahan dasar urin sapi non fermentasi dan fermentasi, untuk mengetahui konsentrasi pupuk organik cair berbahan dasar urin sapi non fermentasi dan fermentasi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman buncis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah jenis pupuk yaitu urin sapi non fermentasi (U1) dan urin sapi fermentasi (U2). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi pupuk yaitu K0 = 0 ml/l, K1 = 10 ml/l, K2 = 20 ml/l, K3 = 30 ml/l dan K4 = 40 ml/l. Parameter pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, berat buah dan panjang buah. Data hasil pengamatan diuji dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) dapat ditingkatkan dengan penyiraman pupuk organik cair berbahan dasar urin sapi non fermentasi dan fermentasi. Pada konsentrasi 40 ml/l urin sapi non fermentasi dan 30 ml/l urin sapi fermentasi menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) yang optimal. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber belajar biologi SMA kelas XII pada materi pembelajaran pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada tumbuhan dalam bentuk modul. Kata kunci : Phaseolus vulgaris, L., pupuk organik cair, urin sapi non fermentasi, urin sapi fermentasi

SNP Assay Development for Linkage Map Construction, Anchoring Whole-Genome Sequence, and Other Genetic and Genomic Applications in Common Bean.

A total of 992,682 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was identified as ideal for Illumina Infinium II BeadChip design after sequencing a diverse set of 17 common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) varieties with the aid of next-generation sequencing technology. From these, two BeadChips each with >5000 SNPs were designed. The BARCBean6K_1 BeadChip was selected for the purpose of optimizing polymorphism among market classes and, when possible, SNPs were targeted to sequence scaffolds in the Phaseolus vulgaris 14× genome assembly with sequence lengths >10 kb. The BARCBean6K_2 BeadChip was designed with the objective of anchoring additional scaffolds and to facilitate orientation of large scaffolds. Analysis of 267 F2 plants from a cross of varieties Stampede × Red Hawk with the two BeadChips resulted in linkage maps with a total of 7040 markers including 7015 SNPs. With the linkage map, a total of 432.3 Mb of sequence from 2766 scaffolds was anchored to create the Phaseolus vulgaris v1.0 assembly, which accounted for approximately 89% of the 487 Mb of available sequence scaffolds of the Phaseolus vulgaris v0.9 assembly. A core set of 6000 SNPs (BARCBean6K_3 BeadChip) with high genotyping quality and polymorphism was selected based on the genotyping of 365 dry bean and 134 snap bean accessions with the BARCBean6K_1 and BARCBean6K_2 BeadChips. The BARCBean6K_3 BeadChip is a useful tool for genetics and genomics research and it is widely used by breeders and geneticists in the United States and abroad

Особливості продукування етилену проростками Phaseolus vulgaris L. та Zea mays L. за дії абіотичних стресових чинників

Методом газової хроматографії досліджено особливості продукування етилену проростками квасолі (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) сорту Білозерна і гібрида кукурудзи (Zea mays L.) Буковинський Т11 за дії абіотичних стресових чинників: короткочасних теплового й холодового, тривалого сольового та комбінованих стресів. Виявлено неспецифічні (спільні для всіх стресорів і досліджуваних видів) і специфічні (притаманні окремому виду рослини й стресора) особливості продукування етилену проростками Phaseolus vulgaris L., Zea mays L. на ранніх етапах вегетації.Методом газовой хроматографии исследованы особенности продуцирования этилена проростками фасоли (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) сорта Белозерная и гибрида кукурузы (Zea mays L.) Буковинский Т11 при действии абиотических стрессовых факторов: кратковременных теплового и холодового, продолжительного солевого и комбинированных стрессов. Выявлены неспецифические (общие для всех стрессоров и исследуемых видов) и специфические (присущие отдельному виду растения и стрессора) особенности продуцирования этилена проростками Phaseolus vulgaris L., Zea mays L. на ранних этапах вегетации.By gas chromatography method the peculiarities of ethylene production by Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Zea mays L. seedlings under abiotic stresses: short-term heat and cold, prolonged salt and the combined action of both types of stress have been studied

A model of dry bean growth and development cultivar carioca

Um modelo de simulação de crescimento e desenvolvimento do feijoeiro Carioca (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cultivar de crescimento indeterminado e parcialmente trepador (Tipo III), é usado para examinar as prioridades e a dinâmica da alocação dos produtos da fotossíntese. O modelo é válido para os dados obtidos em Londrina, PRA simulation model for the dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) indeterminate large guide (type III), cv. carioca is presented and is used to examine the priorities and allocation dynamics of photosynthate. The model is valid for the data of Londrina, PR

RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BEANS, PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L., TO ASHY STEM BLIGHT, MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA (TASSI) GOID

RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BEANS, PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L., TO ASHY STEM BLIGHT, MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA (TASSI) GOI

Utilisation des mutations induites pour l'étude de l'embryogenèse chez le haricot Phaseolus vulgaris L. et deux plantes modèles Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. et Zea mays L.

Use of induced mutations in embryogenesis study in bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. and two model plants, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. and Zea mays L.. Breeding of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., through interspecific hybridizations with the species Phaseolus coccineus L. and Phaseolus polyanthus Greenm. as female parents leads to the abortion of immature embryos. Identification of genes required for embryo development could partly explain the abortion of hybrid embryos; induced mutations could thus be an alternative to identify key genes involved in Phaseolus embryogenesis. This paper is a review which shows a few examples of the use of induced mutations in the identification of essential genes for embryogenesis in two model plants, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyhn. for dicots and Zea mays L. for monocots. In these two species, embryo development mutants have been isolated using insertional mutagenesis and chemical mutagenesis with Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS). Arabidopsis embryo mutants are affected in apical-basal axis polarity, radial pattern and in post-embryonic stages. Some Arabidopsis embryo mutants are defected in auxin signalisation. In maize, defective kernel (dek) mutants are affected in the embryo and the endosperm, while in embryo specific (emb) mutants, only the embryo is affected. In common bean, plants deficient in seed development were isolated using EMS mutagenesis. Embryos inside the seeds fail to growth at different stages of development and show abnormalities mainly in the suspensor and the cotyledons

Damage of Bemisia tabaci biotype B in transgenic common bean resistant to the Bean golden mosaic virus.

The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci biotype B) causes significant damage to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) mainly by virus transmission

Growth Response of Some Leguminous Plants to Peat Water from Central Kalimantan

Legumes are cultivated plants that are widely used by the community. In central Kalimantan, especially in Palangka Raya city, the legume is planted by the community as a garden plant which is consumed daily. The condition of acidic peatlands in Central Kalimantan is a limiting factor for plant growth. This study aims to determine the effect of peat water from the Sabangau River in Central Kalimantan on the germination of legume plants. The study used 4 (four) types of plants such as Vigna radiata L, Vigna unguiculata L, Phaseolus vulgaris L, and Glycine max L using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The plant seeds were first soaked in peat water for 3 (three) hours, then transferred to a medium covered with cotton and watered using the same water. Observations were made from the first day to the seventh day. The results showed that 3 (three) types of plants such as Vigna radiata L, Vigna unguiculata L, and Phaseolus vulgaris L were able to grow using peat water as a medium, while soybeans could not germinate. The results show that out of these three types of plants, Vigna radiata L has a better growth rate than Vigna unguiculata L and Phaseolus vulgaris L. Statistical tests using ANOVA analysis showed no significant differences between the three types of plants that grow