Neural overlap of L1 and L2 semantic representations across visual and auditory modalities : a decoding approach/

This study investigated whether brain activity in Dutch-French bilinguals during semantic access to concepts from one language could be used to predict neural activation during access to the same concepts from another language, in different language modalities/tasks. This was tested using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA), within and across language comprehension (word listening and word reading) and production (picture naming). It was possible to identify the picture or word named, read or heard in one language (e.g. maan, meaning moon) based on the brain activity in a distributed bilateral brain network while, respectively, naming, reading or listening to the picture or word in the other language (e.g. lune). The brain regions identified differed across tasks. During picture naming, brain activation in the occipital and temporal regions allowed concepts to be predicted across languages. During word listening and word reading, across-language predictions were observed in the rolandic operculum and several motor-related areas (pre- and postcentral, the cerebellum). In addition, across-language predictions during reading were identified in regions typically associated with semantic processing (left inferior frontal, middle temporal cortex, right cerebellum and precuneus) and visual processing (inferior and middle occipital regions and calcarine sulcus). Furthermore, across modalities and languages, the left lingual gyrus showed semantic overlap across production and word reading. These findings support the idea of at least partially language- and modality-independent semantic neural representations

The Fossilization Error Made by the Second Semester Students of Islamic Communication and Broadcasting Prody (Kpi) at Stai Bumi Silampari Lubuklinggau

Kesalahan yang memfosilisasi didalam mengucapkan kata dalam Bahasa Inggris didalam Penelitian ini difokuskan pada kesalahan mereka mengucapkan kata yang mempunyai huruf vocal (/i:/, /I/, /e/, /ӕ/) mahasiswa semester II, Prodi KPI (Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam), dalam penelitian ini ditemukan ada enam kata yang sangat memfosil siswa mengucapkannya yaitu kata: 1) Listening  /lis:ning/ 2) She  /sh:i/ 3) Pizza /fɪ:tzaʃ/ 4) Mosque /mos:k/, 5) Eight /eɪt/ and 6) Accent /æksent . Penelitian ini mengunakan metode Descriptive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fosilisasi terjadi karena tiga sumber kesalahan dari guru, kawan, dan buku paket

Stories Told By, For, and About Women Refugees: Engendering Resistance

In this paper I discuss some of the ways women’s narratives reflect how they make sense of seeking asylum[1] and how narratives can become a means of resistance. The interview data comes from a qualitative study[2] looking at the in-depth narratives of seventeen women who had all made a claim for asylum in the United Kingdom (UK). The women who participated had been living in the UK for different periods of time, ranging from a couple of months to seven years. Aged between early twenties to mid-fifties, they came from fourteen different countries of origin. I utilised an in-depth narrative approach to interviewing women which offered a number of distinct advantages: allowing for women’s narratives to be the focus of the study; capturing the particularity, complexity and richness of each woman’s story; and highlighting women’s agency in storytelling (Mauthner and Doucet, 1998, 2003). Interviews lasted between one and a half to three hours and were conducted in a wide range of different locations in the UK

Portable, field-based neuroimaging using high-density diffuse optical tomography

Behavioral and cognitive tests in individuals who were malnourished as children have revealed malnutrition-related deficits that persist throughout the lifespan. These findings have motivated recent neuroimaging investigations that use highly portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) instruments to meet the demands of brain imaging experiments in low-resource environments and enable longitudinal investigations of brain function in the context of long-term malnutrition. However, recent studies in healthy subjects have demonstrated that high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) can significantly improve image quality over that obtained with sparse fNIRS imaging arrays. In studies of both task activations and resting state functional connectivity, HD-DOT is beginning to approach the data quality of fMRI for superficial cortical regions. In this work, we developed a customized HD-DOT system for use in malnutrition studies in Cali, Colombia. Our results evaluate the performance of the HD-DOT instrument for assessing brain function in a cohort of malnourished children. In addition to demonstrating portability and wearability, we show the HD-DOT instrument\u27s sensitivity to distributed brain responses using a sensory processing task and measurements of homotopic functional connectivity. Task-evoked responses to the passive word listening task produce activations localized to bilateral superior temporal gyrus, replicating previously published work using this paradigm. Evaluating this localization performance across sparse and dense reconstruction schemes indicates that greater localization consistency is associated with a dense array of overlapping optical measurements. These results provide a foundation for additional avenues of investigation, including identifying and characterizing a child\u27s individual malnutrition burden and eventually contributing to intervention development

Rules of Speech Behavior in Tatar and Turkish Proverbs

Today, despite the abundant supply and scientific papers concerning particular features of multi-method, communicative culture and comparative linguistic research on the ethnocultural stereotypes of Turkic peoples' communicative behavior, it is vital in modern linguistics. The issue statement is because the ethnocultural examination of the Turkic peoples' communicative behavior permits us to look at the ethnos' communicative culture in the modern context and distinguish typical and distinctive characteristics of the Tatar's communicative culture Turkish peoples. This survey investigates the ethnocultural stereotypes of the communicative behavior of the Tatar and Turkish linguistic cultures expressed in the paroemiological fund. The analysis is based on the Tatar and Turkish languages' phraseological and paroemiological units within this article's framework. The research adopted descriptive, stylistic, and comparative techniques. Moreover, The methodological framework is the linguoculturological, cognitive-linguistic aspects of the investigation of paroemiological units. The most substantial typical categories of the Tatars' communicative culture are the culture of communication, politeness, sociability, verbiage, silence, conflict communication, and effective communication. In paroemias, truth is proclaimed before lie, laconicalness before loquacity, silence before speaking, deed before the word, listening before speaking. The examination of stereotypes of communicative behavior reveals that the Tatars persist faithfully to the observance of folk traditions and particular speech cultures

Sound Theology: The Risk of Audition

(Excerpt) It was after I had settled on a tide for this presentation that the irony of it all hit me. Thinking about being on this campus and holding forth on the topic on sound theology and the risk of audition, I was suddenly reminded of an autumn day In 1968, when I first came to this University, played an organ audition with then reigning chapel organist, Dr. Philip Gehring. As I reflect back, however, I am not sure whether that experience should be appropriately categorized as a risk or musicological embarrassmen

Junctions podcast

This report outlines the development process for Junctions, an original, mini-drama podcast that explores racial bias in the context of everyday interaction. The report consists of three sections – The Podcast, Pilot Episode, and Future Episodes – each of which speaks to a different aspect of the program’s framework. It also includes nearly all of the planning documents I created during pre-production, production, and post-production.Radio-Television-Fil

The Apostolic Letter Porta Fidei: cross-sectional theological reflections and pastoral implications

From time to time, Popes have often decided to dedicate a specific intention to particular years. Besides the customary Holy Years celebrated periodically since 1300 and culminating in the Great Jubilee of the year 2000, we have witnessed in the last five decades the celebration of a number of special years by the Universal Church. Among these, one recalls the Year of Faith (1967-68) on the nineteenth centenary of the martyrdom of St Peter, the Marian Year (1987-88), the Year of the Rosary (2002-03), the Year of the Eucharist (2004-05), the Pauline Year (2008-2009) and the Year for Priests (2009-10). In each case, the aim of different Popes was to invite the Universal Church to reflect more deeply on a particular aspect of the mission and life of the People of God.peer-reviewe

High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography During Passive Movie Viewing: A Platform for Naturalistic Functional Brain Mapping

Human neuroimaging techniques enable researchers and clinicians to non-invasively study brain function across the lifespan in both healthy and clinical populations. However, functional brain imaging methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are expensive, resource-intensive, and require dedicated facilities, making these powerful imaging tools generally unavailable for assessing brain function in settings demanding open, unconstrained, and portable neuroimaging assessments. Tools such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) afford greater portability and wearability, but at the expense of cortical field-of-view and spatial resolution. High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography (HD-DOT) is an optical neuroimaging modality directly addresses the image quality limitations associated with traditional fNIRS techniques through densely overlapping optical measurements. This thesis aims to establish the feasibility of using HD-DOT in a novel application demanding exceptional portability and flexibility: mapping disrupted cortical activity in chronically malnourished children. I first motivate the need for dense optical measurements of brain tissue to achieve fMRI-comparable localization of brain function (Chapter 2). Then, I present imaging work completed in Cali, Colombia, where a cohort of chronically malnourished children were imaged using a custom HD-DOT instrument to establish feasibility of performing field-based neuroimaging in this population (Chapter 3). Finally, in order to meet the need for age appropriate imaging paradigms in this population, I develop passive movie viewing paradigms for use in optical neuroimaging, a flexible and rich stimulation paradigm that is suitable for both adults and children (Chapter 4)