Effect of use of socially marketed faucet fitted earthen vessel/sodium hypochlorite solution on diarrhea prevention at household level in rural India

Objective: To evaluate the effect of socially marketed faucet fitted to earthen vessel / sodium hypochlorite solution on diarrhea prevention at rural household level as a social intervention for diarrhea prevention under ‘Community Led Initiatives for Child Survival (CLICS) program. Methods: Unmatched case-control study was carried out in 10 villages of Primary Health Centre, Anji, located in rural central India. During the study period, 144 households used either faucet fitted earthen vessel to store drinking water or used sodium hypochlorite solution (SH) for keeping drinking water safe. These served as case households for the present study. 213 neighborhood control households from same locality who used neither of the methods were also selected. Results: Odds ratio for households who used faucets fitted to earthen vessel was 0.49 (95% CI= 0.25 – 0.95). Odds ratio for households who used sodium hypochlorite solution was 0.55 (95% CI= 0.31 – 0.98). Use of these methods by the community, would prevent about 27 percent and 22 percent cases of the diarrhea (Population attributable risk proportion = 0.25 by faucets fitted to earthen vessels and 0.22 by use of sodium hypochlorite solution) respectively. Conclusion: To ensure safe drinking water at household level, the effective and cheap methods like fitting faucet to traditionally used earthen vessel and/or use of sodium hypochlorite solution must be promoted through community participation at household level for cost and culture sensitive rural people in Indi

Surface disinfection challenges for Candida auris: an in-vitro study

The emerging pathogenic multidrug-resistant yeast Candida auris is an important source of healthcare-associated infections and of growing global clinical concern. The ability of this organism to survive on surfaces and withstand environmental stressors creates a challenge for eradicating it from hospitals. A panel of C. auris clinical isolates was evaluated on different surface environments against the standard disinfectant sodium hypochlorite and high-level disinfectant peracetic acid. C. auris was shown to selectively tolerate clinically relevant concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid in a surface-dependent manner, which may explain its ability to successfully persist within the hospital environment

A nanoleakage perspective on bonding to oxidized dentin

The mechanism responsible for sodium-hypochlorite-induced reduction in dentin bond strength and its reversal with reducing agents is unknown. This study examined the relationship between nanoleakage and reversal of compromised bonding to oxidized dentin. Acid-etched dentin was completely depleted of demineralized collagen matrix when sodium hypochlorite was used. Specimens were bonded with two single-bottle dentin adhesives. They were immersed in ammoniacal silver nitrate for 24 hrs before being processed for transmission electron microscopy. For both adhesives, tensile bond strengths of acid-etched dentin were significantly reduced after sodium hypochlorite treatment, but were reversed when sodium ascorbate was used. After sodium hypochlorite application, reticular nanoleakge patterns in hybrid layers were replaced by vertical, shag-carpet-like patterns along the demineralization front. This type of nanoleakage was completely eliminated after sodium ascorbate treatment with the materials tested. Residual sodium hypochlorite within the porosities of mineralized dentin may result in incomplete resin polymerization, and hence compromised bond strength.published_or_final_versio

A Histopathological Comparison of Pulpotomy with Sodium Hypochlorite and Formocresol

Introduction: Formocresol is widely used in primary teeth pulpotomies; however it is known to have several side effects. The purpose of this study was to assess pulpal changes of primary teeth pulps after pulpotomy with sodium hypochlorite and formocresol.Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 22 teeth were selected. These teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups (formocresol; n=11 and sodium hypochlorite n=11). Two months post-operatively teeth were extracted and pulpal responses were evaluated by recording the degree of inflammation and extent of pulpal involvement. Dentinal bridge formation was also evaluated. Finally the data was analyzed with McNemartest. Results: The formocresol group demonstrated mild inflammation in 4 cases whereas sodium hypochlorite had mild inflammation in six cases. Severe inflammation was only found in 1 case in the sodium hypochlorite group, but it was present in 4 cases in the formocresol group. In sodium hypochlorite group there were no cases of necrosis, and dentinal bridge was found in 3 cases, unlike, the formocresol group which had necrosis but no dentinal bridge formation.  Conclusion: Based on the results of this study sodium hypochlorite may be a suitable solution for conducting pulpotomy in primary teeth.

Storage Conditions of Sodium Hypochlorite

Sodium hypochlorite is considered the most widely used irritant solution worldwide, its characteristics and low cost make it considered the gold standard as a complement for endodontic instrumentation. The objective of this research is to determine the criteria of dentistry students from seventh to tenth semester regarding the handling and storage of sodium hypochlorite prior to the start of their pre-professional practices. Through a survey carried out using Google Forms, an opinion poll was carried out to find out the most frequent storage conditions of sodium hypochlorite, with 7 closed and multiple-choice questions, the process of the information collected was tabulated through the platform software. Dentistry students from eighth to tenth semester have discrepancies in certain aspects in their knowledge about the storage conditions  of sodium hypochlorite In this study,36.8% of students do not store sodium hypochlorite correctly , since in the survey carried out it was obtained that containers are used that do not protect the irrigant from ambient light, there is a discrepancy regarding the concentration that should be used for instrumentation

Bone necrosis as a complication of sodium hypochlorite extrusion. A case report

Sodium hypochlorite is the most used irrigant in endodontics, although its toxic effect on tissue is known. Sodium hypochlorite extrusion to periapical tissue can cause complications of varying severity, from oedemas and haemorrhagic lesions to life-thre

Influence of protaper finishing files and sodium hypochlorite on cleaning and shaping of mandibuldar central incisors - a histological analysis

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the influence of the last apical instrument of the ProTaper system with and without 2.5% sodium hypochlorite for cleaning mandibular central incisors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty two mandibular central incisors were divided into six study groups: Group I - F1 instrument with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; Group II - F1 and F2 with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; Group III - F1, F2 and F3 with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; Group IV - F1 with distilled water; Group V - F1 and F2 with distilled water; Group VI - F1, F2 and F3 with distilled water. The two remaining teeth comprised the negative control group. The specimens were prepared following the principles of the technique suggested by the manufacturer and then submitted to histological preparation and morphometric analysis. Data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal Wallis test at 1% significance level. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference (

Sodium Hypochlorite-induced Facial Hematoma Following Root Canal Treatment

This case report highlights a rare complication of root canal treatment involving the inadvertent extrusion of sodium hypochlorite solution, resulting in a sodium hypochlorite-induced facial hematoma. A 44-year-old female patient presented significant right hemifacial swelling and ecchymosis following root canal therapy. Computed tomography imaging confirmed a hematoma involving the facial region without active signs of bleeding. Sodium hypochlorite, a potent cytotoxic agent commonly used in root canal procedures, was identified as the causative agent. Treatment consisted of prednisone, antibiotics, and NSAIDs, resulting in gradual improvement over a month. The cytotoxic properties of sodium hypochlorite, its variable concentrations, and risk factors associated with facial hematomas are discussed. It is essential to emphasize the rarity of such hematomas and highlight the need for precise technique, vigilant monitoring, and interdisciplinary collaboration to mitigate risks and prioritize patient safety

SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE\u27S EFFECT ON NICKEL-TITANIUM ROTARY INSTRUMENTS AND ITS EFFECT ON RESISTANCE TO FRACTURE

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of partial and total immersion in sodium hypochlorite on nickel-titanium rotary files and to determine whether resistance to fracture was influenced by the immersion time. One hundred K3 and 100 ProFile® rotary files were either partially or totally immersed in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for zero, one, five, thirty, or sixty minutes. After immersion, files were subjected to cyclic fatigue testing. Time to fracture was recorded and analyzed by a two-way ANOVA. Tukey\u27s honest significant difference was used to identify any differences in immersion times. Within all ProFile groups and partial immersion K3 groups, there was no significant decrease in time to fracture with increased immersion time in sodium hypochlorite. Only the K3 total immersion groups revealed a significant decrease in time to fracture with increased immersion time in sodium hypochlorite

Effect of Disinfection with Spraying Technique 35 % Betel Pepper leaf boiling water and 0,5 % Sodium Hypochlorite on Dimensional Stability of Casts Made from Alginate

Alginate is an impression matter that often used on dentistry. Some studies showed that aginate caused cross infection. it needs a disinfection product to avoid that cross infection. the disinfection matter which often used are betel pepper leaf boiling water and the sodium hypochlorite, but alginate have imbibition characteristic and fenol that contain in betel pepper leaf boiling water suggested dimensional changes on alginate. The technique of this research with sprayed technique. The aim of this research’s to find dimentional stability on casts made from alginateafter disinfection procedure with sprayed technique used 35 % betel pepper leaf boiling water and 0,5 % sodium hypochlorite. This research is an experimental laboratories using post test only control group design. The samples are an upper jaw replica. The samples are 28 samples and divided into 4 groups. A group is directly filling and the others are sprayed with aquadest sterile, 35 % betel pepper leaf boiling water and 0,5 % sodium hypochlorite and saved in vacuum box for 10 minutes. Samples measured by term mizzen with 0,05 accuracy.The conclusion of this research is there was dimentional changes on casts made from alginate after disinfection procedure with sprayed technique used 35 % betel pepper leaf boiling water and 0,5 % sodium hypochlorite.  Keywords: Alginate, betel pepper leaf, cross infection, dimensional stability, sodium hypochlorite