Social Risk as Factor for Developing Society in Context of Citizens’ Welfare

The paper addresses the issues of social risks in the context of the creation of well-being. We analyzed the role of social risks in the society-individual system. The process of creation and development of well-being is shown to depend on the nature and social risks and measures taken to prevent these risks. The knowledge about social risks, the patterns of development of society and an individual is equally important. The formation of abilities and skills of optimal interaction with the social environment is of current relevance. Optimal interaction suggests that an individual is able to identify the purpose of his or her activities based on the gained knowledge and in the strict compliance with the laws and conditions of society. The development of the risk-reflection culture is a critical factor in the formation of the modern welfare space. We state that risk prevention must be the result of causal forecasting the variants for process continuation, involving positive factors, and, minimizing the impact of previous stages

Impacts of 4D BIM on Construction Project Performance

A significant proportion of construction projects are failing to achieve their deadline finish dates. This advocate for solutions that could address the root causes of time impacting risks, leading to the use of 4D BIM for project planning. This study investigates the impacts of 4D BIM on construction projects. An exploratory sequential mixed method research was conducted to initially explore the topic via interviews and literature review, and, subsequently, the themes derived were put into questionnaires to elicit expert knowledge on a wider industry scale. The data were analysed using thematic analysis, reliability analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test and factor analysis. Across the objectives around the impacts of 4D BIM on project reliability, monitoring and diagnosis, the findings presented eight key ways the 4D BIM support project performance. Examples of component factors that were raised was planning efficiency to enhance planner output, assessment and directive with a better comparison of planned and actual progress, and thorough/comprehensive risk reflection to cover wide ranges of issues. Upon further reflection, the finding highlighted the issues of the lack of shared responsibility outside of the planner and BIM coordinator, severe lack of understanding and training regarding 4D BIM and complexity of carrying out the process effectively

FORMATION OF RISK-BALANCED STYLE OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The basis of the sustainable development of society with ever-growing scientific and technical progress is noxology as a science about the dangers of the world, since the risk of being in modern society is higher than ever. In this regard, a scientific noxospheric picture of the world is being formed as an integrative knowledge system, which should be the basis for the formation of a new, noxological worldview, in which security is the main value norm of risk-oriented thinking. The article is aimed at the theoretical substantiation of the necessity of developing a risk-balanced style of professional activity among university students on the basis of risk-thinking as an objective property of the personality. The article also reveals the authors’ concept of the noxological consciousness and explains the term of a risk-balanced style of professional activity. The definition, structure and main constituent elements of this personal phenomenon are given. It is determined that noxological style of professional activity includes such components as risk-thinking, self-regulation, intellectual features and capabilities, “labor model”, individual biological rhythms, will, as well as habits and special techniques of activity. Various characteristics of risks in the professional activity of a specialist are considered. Based on the analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature on the problem and the method of observation, the modeling of the pedagogical system of training a specialist with a risk-balanced style of professional activity is presented, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the formative experiment

A Driving Risk Surrogate and Its Application in Car-Following Scenario at Expressway

Traffic safety is important in reducing death and building a harmonious society. In addition to studies of accident incidences, the perception of driving risk is significant in guiding the implementation of appropriate driving countermeasures. Risk assessment can be conducted in real-time for traffic safety due to the rapid development of communication technology and computing capabilities. This paper aims at the problems of difficult calibration and inconsistent thresholds in the existing risk assessment methods. It proposes a risk assessment model based on the potential field to quantify the driving risk of vehicles. Firstly, virtual energy is proposed as an attribute considering vehicle sizes and velocity. Secondly, the driving risk surrogate(DRS) is proposed based on potential field theory to describe the risk degree of vehicles. Risk factors are quantified by establishing submodels, including an interactive vehicle risk surrogate, a restrictions risk surrogate, and a speed risk surrogate. To unify the risk threshold, acceleration for implementation guidance is derived from the risk field strength. Finally, a naturalistic driving dataset in Nanjing, China, is selected, and 3063 pairs of following naturalistic trajectories are screened out. Based on that, the proposed model and other models use for comparisons are calibrated through the improved particle optimization algorithm. Simulations prove that the proposed model performs better than other algorithms in risk perception and response, car-following trajectory, and velocity estimation. In addition, the proposed model exhibits better car-following ability than existing car-following models

Critical situations and civil activism in the digital era

Nowadays, a civil society and its volunteers are the active participants of a global political process, especially when it’s going on about current critical situations (natural disasters, technological accidents and so on). Such civil activism is defined by a lack of vital resources, poverty and illnesses, an atmospheric and water pollutions as well as by various forms of social inequalit

Risk environment as social reality change factor: the problem of social regulation

The article explains the theoretical concept of modern environment study transformation based on risk approach. The risks occurring in the environment are conceptualized as the environmental and the activity phenomenon appearing during the transition from certainty to uncertainty and vice versa. The dialectical relationship of uncertainty and non-linearity is argued in changing social reality of modern risk society. The problems of risk social regulation in a changing realit