Shooting Down Military Aircraft: Pakistan Responsibilities Over India

Introduction to The Problem: The act of firing on two Indian military aircraft carried out by Pakistan indeed constitutes the right of air control over military aircraft according to the Paris Convention of 1919 and the Chicago Convention of 1944, according to which this convention's control rights over foreign military aircraft are strict and maximum, it does not contain exceptions Article 32 of the Paris Convention and Article 3 (c) of the 1944 Chicago Convention The right of maximum and strict control of the state over its airspace is only directed to military aircraft of other countries, where the consideration of national security is the main reason. But still, the shooting action carried out by Pakistan against Indian military aircraft is an act of negligence on airspace which became its sovereignty, due to the lack of coordination related to the shootings carried out.Purpose/Objective Study: This study aims to determine and understand the regulation of Indian military aircraft in the 1944 Chicago Convention on Flight of Military Aircraft to Airspace in Other Countries and the responsibility of the state of Pakistan in firing Indian military aircraft from the perspective of international air law.Design/Methodology/Approach: This research is research that uses normative legal research methods using a type of legislation approach and case approach. The legal materials used are primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials that are useful for obtaining conclusions that are relevant to the problems in this study.Findings: The results showed that: 1) the regulation of Indian military aircraft in the 1944 Chicago Convention was categorized as a military aircraft (state aircraft) type of MiG-21 Bison interceptor which was indeed used for military, police and customs purposes, which in this case did not have the right to do flight above the airspace of another country before obtaining permission in advance from the country concerned; 2) the form of responsibility that must be given is in the form of termination of acts, apologies and remedial actions in the form of restitution, ie repairing as before the Indian military aircraft that he shot and providing protection for pilots he captures, this is as regulated in Article 31 of the ILC Draft.Paper Type: Research Articl

Modelling,simulation, and analysis of HAL Bangalore13; international airport

Air traffic density in India and the world at large is growing fast and posing challenging13; problems. The problems encountered can be parameterized as flight delay, workload of air traffic13; controllers and noise levels in and around aerodromes. Prediction and quantification of these13; parameters aid in developing strategies for efficient air traffic management. In this study, the13; method used for quantifying is by simulation and analysis of the selected aerodrome and air13; space. This paper presents the results of simulation of HAL Bangalore International Airport,13; which is used by civil as well as military aircraft. With the test flying of unscheduled military13; aircraft and the increase in the civil air traffic, this airport is hitting the limit of acceptable delay.13; The workload on air traffic controllers is pushed to high during peak times. The noise contour13; prediction, especially for the test flying military aircraft is sounding a wake up call to the13; communities living in the vicinity of the Airport.13

The Role of Communication Aspects In The Interoperability of Security Operations At The Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes I

The challenges in communications between the military aircraft and warships, caused by the execution of operations within different periods and at a different area of operations, makes the military aircraft-warship coordination for the search and identification of targets difficult. The role of interoperability carried out by Military aircraft elements with the Indonesian warship (KRI) in the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes I (ALKI-1)  Security operation found several problems that were not in line with the supposed interoperability role. The problem in this research is how the role of Military aircraft interoperability with Indonesian warship (KRI) elements in the implementation of the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes I Security Operations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the extent of the military communication system problems that existed between military aircraft and Indonesian warship (KRI) in the implementation of the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes I Security Operations with Qualitative Descriptive methods by Nvivo softwareand Borda analysis to find out the order of priority criteria.  The results of the study show that tight coordination is needed regarding the timing of operations so that the interoperability of the implementing elements can be integrated, coordinated and become a good system so that The Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes I (ALKI-1) security operation can be carried out effectively and efficiently

Real-time communication over switched ethernet for military applications

Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet is a forecasted new technology for advanced military aircraft system interconnection. However, it was not originally developed to meet the requirements of real-time communications. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze traffic shaping and a priority handling approach over switched Ethernet to achieve reliable transmission with bounded delays that conform to the real-time constraints, required by military applications

Status of the NASA/General Electric experimental clean combustor program, phase 3

The technology required to design and develop advanced commercial, conventional-takeoff-and-landing aircraft engines with significantly lower pollutant exhaust emissions levels than those of current-technology engines was generated and demonstrated. The target pollutant emissions reductions in tests of an advanced commercial aircraft turbofan engine were attained by developing advanced combustor designs. This technology is intended to be applicable to advanced military aircraft engines. The primary focus was on reducing the levels of the gaseous pollutant emissions

Power Extraction in Military Aircraft

Military aircraft require more and more power. Pneumatic and hydraulic systems are being replaced by electrical equipment and new, power consuming equipmentis introduced in the aircraft. Increased power extraction brings new challenges for the aircraft jet engine, both in terms of operability and with regards to engine performance.This thesis describes how the engine performance of a conventional low bypass ratio mixed flow turbofan engine is affected by power extraction from the highpressure shaft, the low-pressure shaft or a combination of the two. A twin-spool low bypass ratio mixed flow turbofan engine has been developed ina Chalmers in-house tool to evaluate engine performance in different parts of the flight envelope. In order to evaluate the impact of aircraft/engine interaction on flight performance, an aircraft performance tool has been developed as well. A turbine inlet gas temperature increase is required when power is extracted\ua0from the HP or LP shaft. This temperature increase is more considerable if power is\ua0extracted from the high-pressure shaft, increasing specific thrust and specific fuel\ua0consumption. When the engine is running close to, or at the maximum turbine\ua0inlet temperature limit, power extraction will have a detrimental impact on the\ua0engine performance, whether power is extracted from the high-pressure shaft or the\ua0low-pressure shaft, but the thrust reduction will be more substantial if power is extracted from the high-pressure shaft. When the engine is running close to or at the maximum overall pressure ratio limit, the thrust reduction due to high-pressure\ua0shaft power extraction is more moderate compared to the low-pressure shaft powerextraction case, provided that the required temperature increase is acceptable from an engine operability perspective

Non-Destructive Evaluation—A Pivotal Technology for Qualification of Composite Aircraft Structures

Tremendous advances in composite materials and a deeper understanding of their behavior have been responsible for the increased use of composites in the development of advanced, new generation civil and military aircraft. Composites play an important role in any aircraft development programme and are strong contenders to their metal counterparts due to their significant contributions towards improving strength, stiffness, fatigue properties & weight reduction. As materials, structural design & processing have evolved, strong emphasis is placed on effective & reliable damage detection, durability and damage tolerance. As a consequence, Non-destructive Evaluation (NDE) has also undergone significant advances towards meeting the growing demands of quality assurance. Advanced Composites Division (ACD) of National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), has been involved in the development of composite structures for both civil and military aircraft for over a decade and a half. Innovative composite processing methods like co-curing/co-bonding have been successfully employed to realize airworthy structures. The role of NDE in the development of these structures has been critical and not limited to damage detection alone. On several occasions, NDE has provided valuable inputs towards improving design and process parameters. In-spite of the complexity of the structures, stringent quality requirements and tight delivery schedules, NDE has been successful in certifying these composite structures for airworthiness. This paper discusses the implementation of key NDE techniques like ultrasonics, radiography, acoustic emission and thermography for reliable flaw detection, characterization and quality assurance of composite aircraft structures

Future Air Force aircraft propulsion control systems: The extended summary paper

Hydromechanical control technology simply cannot compete against the performance benefits offered by electronics. Future military aircraft propulsion control systems will be full authority, digital electronic, microprocessor base systems. Anticipating the day when microprocessor technology will permit the integration and management of aircraft flight control, fire control and propulsion control systems, the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory is developing control logic algorithms for a real time, adaptive control and diagnostic information system

Results of recent NASA studies on automatic spin prevention for fighter aircraft

A broad based research program was developed to eliminate or minimize inadvertent spins for advanced military aircraft. Recent piloted simulator studies and airplane flight tests have demonstrated that the automatic control systems in use on current fighters can be tailored to provide a high degree of spin resistance for some configurations without restrictions to maneuverability. Such systems result in greatly increased tactical effectiveness, safety, and pilot confidence

Turbine engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) project

The Hot Section Technology (HOST) Project is a NASA-sponsored endeavor to improve the durability of advanced gas turbine engines for commercial and military aircraft. Through improvements in the analytical models and life prediction systems, designs for future hot section components , the combustor and turbine, will be more accurately analyzed and will incorporate features required for longer life in the more hostile operating environment of high performance engines