International AIDS Society global scientific strategy: towards an HIV cure 2016

Antiretroviral therapy is not curative. Given the challenges in providing life-long therapy to a global population of over 35 million people living with HIV, there is intense interest in developing a cure for HIV infection. The International AIDS Society convened a group of international experts to develop a scientific strategy for research towards an HIV cure. This Perspective summarizes the group's strategy

The Constant of Interpolation in Bloch Type Spaces

It is known that there exists a constant 0 < Δ1 < 1 such that any Δ1-separated sequence for the pseudohyperbolic distance in the open unit disk D of C is interpolating for the classical Bloch space B. We will prove that 0.8114 < Δ1 < 0.9785 and we will also generalize this result for Bloch type spaces Bvp for vp(z) = (1−|z| 2) p. In particular, we will provide a construction to calculate an estimate of the lower and upper bounds for the corresponding constant of separation Δp for these spaces. We also prove that Δp tends to 1 when p → ∞.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume

Modelling Medieval Vagueness

The project An Agile Approach Towards Computational Modeling of Historiographical Uncertainty is building a taxonomy of historiographical uncertainty. We are focusing on early medieval texts as our case studies, because they are characterised by a high degree of “high stakes” uncertainty and a varied historiography characterised by a vivid debate. The additional factor of the manuscript text-transmission ensues that also the material aspect of the textual study will be covered in our attempt to build an adaptable taxonomy of historiographical uncertainty. Computational humanities need a robust methodological platform, that can be applied to a wide variety of projects. Uncertainty in general and geographical uncertainty in particular stand as the crucial aspects of this platform. We investigate a methodology of visualising geographical locales in historical texts and their historiographies that explicitly models uncertainty in

Analysis of COVID-19 Prevention Behavior in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Literature Review

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new human-infected coronavirus causing respiratory problems. The COVID-19 can affect people of all ages, but those with a record of chronic disease (comorbidity) are at higher risk of poor outcomes with the COVID-19. This study aimed to review COVID-19 preventative behavior in diabetes patients. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the comorbidities that aggravates COVID-19 in patients. Such patients are at risk of deteriorating critical conditions in the intensive care units (ICUs) and even death. Prevention is the best measure to avoid COVID-19, although it is currently considered adequate. This article reviewed 22 papers focusing on COVID-19, DM, COVID-19 in DM patients, COVID-19 preventive behavior, and COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice in patients with chronic disease, while primary focusing on DM. It is revealed that diabetes patients at high risk of COVID19 need to practice good preventive behaviors. Furthermore, it emphasizes that improving knowledge, encouraging positive attitudes, and implementing good COVID-19 preventive behaviors in DM patients requires education and access to the COVID-19 related health information

Dissecting schizophrenia phenotypic variation:the contribution of genetic variation, environmental exposures, and gene–environment interactions

Schizophrenia is among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Prior studies have conclusively demonstrated that the etiology of schizophrenia contains a strong genetic component. However, the understanding of environmental contributions and gene–environment interactions have remained less well understood. Here, we estimated the genetic and environmental contributions to schizophrenia risk using a unique combination of data sources and mathematical models. We used the administrative health records of 481,657 U.S. individuals organized into 128,989 families. In addition, we employed rich geographically specific measures of air, water, and land quality across the United States. Using models of progressively increasing complexity, we examined both linear and non-linear contributions of genetic variation and environmental exposures to schizophrenia risk. Our results demonstrate that heritability estimates differ significantly when gene–environment interactions are included in the models, dropping from 79% for the simplest model, to 46% in the best-fit model which included the full set of linear and non-linear parameters. Taken together, these findings suggest that environmental factors are an important source of explanatory variance underlying schizophrenia risk. Future studies are warranted to further explore linear and non-linear environmental contributions to schizophrenia risk and investigate the causality of these associations

Computational Evaluation of Potential Correction Methods for Unicoronal Craniosynostosis

Unicoronal craniosynostosis is the second most common type of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis: it is characterized by ipsilateral forehead and fronto-parietal region flattening with contralateral compensatory bossing. It is a complex condition; therefore, which is difficult to treat because of the asymmetry in the orbits, cranium, and face. The aim of this study is to understand optimal osteotomy locations, dimensions, and force requirements for surgical operations of unicoronal craniosynostosis using a patient-specific finite element model and — at the same time — to evaluate the potential application of a new device made from Nitinol which was developed to expand the affected side of a unicoronal craniosynostosis skull without performing osteotomies. The model geometry was reconstructed using Simpleware ScanIP. The bone and sutures were modeled using elastic properties to perform the finite element analyses in MSc Marc software. The simulation results showed that expanding the cranium without osteotomy requires a significant amount of force. Therefore, expansion of the cranium achieved by Nitinol devices may not be sufficient to correct the deformity. Moreover, the size and locations of the osteotomies are crucial for an optimal outcome from surgical operations in unicoronal craniosynostosis

MF058 Suthin Project, 1976

Ten interviews totaling 23 hours conducted for a course at University of Maine taught by Edward D. Sandy Ives in 1976 about a pulpwood operation at Little Musquash Lake run by Grover Morrison. This project included the publication of Northeast Folklore: Suthin, XVIII. These interviews were the basis of Suthin: It\u27s the Opposite of Nothin\u27: An Oral History of Grover Morrison\u27s Wood\u27s Operation at Little Musquash Lake, 1945-1947 (Northeast Folklore XVIII: 1977 ). Collection includes the text of the poem, Suthin\u27 ; other poems; information about daily work in the woods and with the portable sawmill; life in the woods camp; and notes, letters, sketches, and journals from the class\u27s field trip to Little Musquash Lake.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/ne_findingaids/1073/thumbnail.jp

Identifying Predictors of Acquired Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Cleft Lip and Palate Following Maxillary Osteotomy Using Multiple Regression Analyses

Background: Maxillary osteotomy is typically undertaken to correct abnormal facial growth in cleft lip and palate. The surgery can cause velopharyngeal insufficiency resulting in hypernasality. This study aims to identify valid predictors of acquired velopharyngeal insufficiency following maxillary osteotomy by using a range of perceptual and instrumental speech investigations and multiple regression. / Methods: A prospective study was undertaken consisting of a consecutive series of patients with cleft lip and palate (N = 20) undergoing maxillary osteotomy by a single surgeon. Participants were seen at: 0 to 3 months pre-surgery (T1), 3-months (T2), and 12-months (T3) post-surgery. Hypernasality was rated using the cleft audit protocol for speech-augmented (CAPS-A) and visual analog scales, and nasalance was measured on the Nasometer II 6400. For lateral videofluorosopic and nasendoscopic images, visual perceptual ratings and quantitative ratiometric measurements were undertaken. Multiple regression analyses were undertaken to identify predictors. / Results: T3 models with hypernasality as the dependent variable were found to be a good fit and significant (eg, CAPS-A: R2 = 0.920, F(11,7) = 7.303, P = 0.007). Closure ratio (a quantitative ratiometric measurement) and proportion of palate contacting the posterior pharyngeal wall (a visual perceptual rating) were identified as significant predictors for the CAPS-A model (P = 0.030, P = 0.002)