Payloads development for European land mobile satellites: A technical and economical assessment

The European Space Agency (ESA) has defined two payloads for Mobile Communication; one payload is for pre-operational use, the European Land Mobile System (EMS), and one payload is for promoting the development of technologies for future mobile communication systems, the L-band Land Mobile Payload (LLM). A summary of the two payloads and a description of their capabilities is provided. Additionally, an economic assessment of the potential mobile communication market in Europe is provided

Еколого-економічні аспекти поводження з опалим листям на урбанізованих територіях

В статі розглядаються існуючі підходи до поводження з опалим листям в межах великих міст, дається еколого-економічна оцінка можливих утилізаційних заходів, пропонуються варіанти використання опалого листя в якості вторинної сировини.The research contains description of the existing approaches to fallen leaves treatment for big city’s environment. The ecological and economical assessment of fallen leaves utilization techniques was implemented. Also there were proposed various options of fallen leaves recycling

A New Paradigm of Maximizing the Wind and Solar Penetration– a Economical Assessment

Wind and solar energies are the most potential and widely-used renewable energies. But in most cases these energies cannot be maximized because of transmission line capacity and their remote location. Therefore, this thesis proposes a new paradigm which using battery transportation and logistics instead of transmission line, to maximize wind and solar energies. The main focus of this work is to investigate the economical feasibilities of this new paradigm. In the first part, different models and application are presented. The purpose is finding an appropriate model which can make full use of existing grid resources such as transmission line and power distribution network. In the second part, total costing of this new paradigm and details are listed. Different parts of cost are analyzed, such as costing of construction of wind farm, costing of battery and costing of transportation. Then, the tendency of all parts of costing with years is introduced based on the information from internet news, company files and organization forecasting. In the third part, key parameters which infect costing most are listed, some assuming are presented for forecasting. Then, cost of this new paradigm is compared to traditional way. The trend line of the traditional way and the trend line of the new paradigm will cross over based on the projection

Simulating Heat Transfers through the Building Envelope: A Useful Tool in the Economical Assessment

AbstractThe thermal performance of building plays a fundamental role in energy consumption since a large amount of energy is needed to balance heat transfers occurring through the envelope itself. The aim of the present paper is to simulate the heat transfer affecting a specific building envelope considering two different scenarios: current situation and future improvements by replacing transparent enclosures and adding an exterior insulation of different thicknesses. In order to identify the most convenient and suitable solution and to focus the attention on the most compelling action, an economical assessment is carried out taking into account the national incentives

Heat transfer simulation of evacuated tube collectors (ETC): An application to a prototype

Since fossil fuels shortages are predicted for the forthcoming generations, the use of renewable energy sources is playing a key role and is strongly recommended worldwide by national and international regulations. In this scenario, solar collectors for hot water preparation, space heating and cooling are becoming an increasingly interesting alternative, especially in the building sector because of population growth. Thus, the present paper is addressed to numerically investigate the thermal behaviour of a prototypal evacuated tube by solving the heat transfer differential equations using the Finite Element Method. This is to reproduce the heat transfer process occurring within the real system, helping the industry improve the prototype

The past and future of the AHP in health care decision making

Objective. Health care decision making is a complex process involving many stakeholders and allowing for multiple decision criteria. The Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) can support these complex decisions that relate to the application and coverage of health care technologies. The objective of this study is to review the past applications of the AHP in supporting health care decision making, and to make recommendations for its future use.\ud Method. We conducted a systematic review of AHP applications in health care, as described in the relevant medical, health-economical, psycho-sociological, managerial, and applied mathematical literature.\ud Results. We found 62 distinctive AHP applications in health care. Of the retrieved applications, 13 % focus on shared decision-making between patient and clinician, 27 % on the development of clinical practice guidelines, 5 % on the development of medical devices and pharmaceuticals, 40 % on management decisions in health care organizations, and 15 % on the development of national health care policy.\ud Conclusions. From the review it is concluded that the AHP is suitable to apply in case of complex health care decision problems, a need to improve decision making in stead of explain decision outcomes, a need to share information among experts or between clinicians and patients, and in case of a limited availability of informed respondents. We foresee the increased use of the AHP in health economical assessment of technology

Operational and Economical Assessment of New Turbine Installation

C­lem diplomov© prce je provoznÄ-ekonomick© posouzen­ instalace nov© turb­ny TG3 v TeplrnÄ Perov. vod t©to prce se zabv struÄnm teoretickm vodem k problematice t©to investice, popisuje klasick© ekonomick© evaluaÄn­ metody a tak© metodu Monte Carlo. NslednÄ je investiÄn­ projekt analyzovn a byly vytvoeny vstupy pro ekonomick model. Ekonomick model byl pak hodnocen pomoc­ klasickch metod a metody Monte Carlo, vsledky jsou pak mezi sebou porovnny. Na zkladÄ vsledk z ekonomick©ho hodnocen­ byla zvolena nejefektivnÄj­ varianta technologie Teplrny Perov.This diploma thesis deals with the operational and economic assessment of the installation of new TG3 turbines in the Perov Heating Plant. The beginning of this thesis deals with a brief theoretical introduction of this investment and describes the classical economic evaluation methods and the Monte Carlo method. Subsequently, the investment project was analyzed and inputs for the economic model were created. The economic model was then evaluated using classical methods and Monte Carlo methods, the results are then compared with each other. Based on the results of the economic evaluation, the most efficient variant of the Perov Heating Plant technology was chosen.