Regarding Pilot Usage of Display Technologies for Improving Awareness of Aircraft System States

ed systems and the procedures for ng in complexity. This interacting trend places a larger burden on pilots to manage increasing amounts of information and to understand system interactions. The result is an increase in the likelihood of loss of airplane state awareness (ASA). One way to gain more insight into this issue is through experimentation using objective measures of visual behavior. This study summarizes an analysis of oculometer data obtained during a high-fidelity flight simulation study that included a variety of complex pilot-system interactions that occur in current flight decks, as well as several planned for the next generation air transportation system. The study was comprised of various scenarios designed to induce low and high energy aircraft states coupled with other emulated causal factors in recent accidents. Three different display technologies were evaluated in this recent pilot-in-the-loop study conducted at NASA Langley Research Center. These technologies include a stall recovery guidance algorithm and display concept, an enhanced airspeed control indication of when the automation is no longer actively controlling airspeed, and enhanced synoptic diagrams with corresponding simplified electronic interactive checklists. Multiple data analyses were performed to understand how the 26 participating airline pilots were observing ASA-related information provided during different stag specific events within these stages

Review of Display Technologies Focusing on Power Consumption

Producción CientíficaThis paper provides an overview of the main manufacturing technologies of displays, focusing on those with low and ultra-low levels of power consumption, which make them suitable for current societal needs. Considering the typified value obtained from the manufacturer’s specifications, four technologies—Liquid Crystal Displays, electronic paper, Organic Light-Emitting Display and Electroluminescent Displays—were selected in a first iteration. For each of them, several features, including size and brightness, were assessed in order to ascertain possible proportional relationships with the rate of consumption. To normalize the comparison between different display types, relative units such as the surface power density and the display frontal intensity efficiency were proposed. Organic light-emitting display had the best results in terms of power density for small display sizes. For larger sizes, it performs less satisfactorily than Liquid Crystal Displays in terms of energy efficiency.Junta de Castilla y León (Programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación-Ref. VA036U14)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación - Ref. VA013A12-2)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Grant DPI2014-56500-R

The quality of experience of emerging display technologies

As new display technologies emerge and become part of everyday life, the understanding of the visual experience they provide becomes more relevant. The cognition of perception is the most vital component of visual experience; however, it is not the only cognition that contributes to the complex overall experience of the end-user. Expectations can create significant cognitive bias that may even override what the user genuinely perceives. Even if a visualization technology is somewhat novel, expectations can be fuelled by prior experiences gained from using similar displays and, more importantly, even a single word or an acronym may induce serious preconceptions, especially if such word suggests excellence in quality. In this interdisciplinary Ph.D. thesis, the effect of minimal, one-word labels on the Quality of Experience (QoE) is investigated in a series of subjective tests. In the studies carried out on an ultra-high-definition (UHD) display, UHD video contents were directly compared to their HD counterparts, with and without labels explicitly informing the test participants about the resolution of each stimulus. The experiments on High Dynamic Range (HDR) visualization addressed the effect of the word “premium” on the quality aspects of HDR video, and also how this may affect the perceived duration of stalling events. In order to support the findings, additional tests were carried out comparing the stalling detection thresholds of HDR video with conventional Low Dynamic Range (LDR) video. The third emerging technology addressed by this thesis is light field visualization. Due to its novel nature and the lack of comprehensive, exhaustive research on the QoE of light field displays and content parameters at the time of this thesis, instead of investigating the labeling effect, four phases of subjective studies were performed on light field QoE. The first phases started with fundamental research, and the experiments progressed towards the concept and evaluation of the dynamic adaptive streaming of light field video, introduced in the final phase

JTEC panel on display technologies in Japan

This report is one in a series of reports that describes research and development efforts in Japan in the area of display technologies. The following are included in this report: flat panel displays (technical findings, liquid crystal display development and production, large flat panel displays (FPD's), electroluminescent displays and plasma panels, infrastructure in Japan's FPD industry, market and projected sales, and new a-Si active matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) factory); materials for flat panel displays (liquid crystal materials, and light-emissive display materials); manufacturing and infrastructure of active matrix liquid crystal displays (manufacturing logistics and equipment); passive matrix liquid crystal displays (LCD basics, twisted nematics LCD's, supertwisted nematic LCD's, ferroelectric LCD's, and a comparison of passive matrix LCD technology); active matrix technology (basic active matrix technology, investment environment, amorphous silicon, polysilicon, and commercial products and prototypes); and projection displays (comparison of Japanese and U.S. display research, and technical evaluation of work)

Disorientation Research Device Testing of Synthetic Vision Display Technologies

A Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) study of 18 worldwide loss-of control accidents and incidents determined that the lack of external visual references was associated with a flight crew’s loss of attitude awareness or energy state awareness in 17 of these events. CAST recommended development and implementation of virtual day-Visual Meteorological Condition (VMC) display systems, such as synthetic vision systems, to promote flight crew attitude awareness similar to a day-VMC environment. This paper describes the results of a joint NASA/NAMRU-D study that evaluated virtual day-VMC displays and a “background attitude indicator” concept as an aid to pilots in recovery from unusual attitudes. Experimental results and future research directions under this CAST initiative and the NASA “Technologies for Airplane State Awareness” research project are described

Active learning in optics and photonics: Liquid Crystal Display in the do-it-yourself

Monitors are in the center of media productions and hold an important function as the main visual interface. Tablets and smartphones are becoming more and more important work tools in the media industry. As an extension to our lecture contents an intensive discussion of different display technologies and its applications is taking place now. The established LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) technology and the promising OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) technology are in the focus. The classic LCD is currently the most important display technology. The paper will present how the students should develop sense for display technologies besides the theoretical scientific basics. The workshop focuses increasingly on the technical aspects of the display technology and has the goal of deepening the students understanding of the functionality by building simple Liquid Crystal Displays by themselves. The authors will present their experience in the field of display technologies. A mixture of theoretical and practical lectures has the goal of a deeper understanding in the field of digital color representation and display technologies. The design and development of a suitable learning environment with the required infrastructure is crucial. The main focus of this paper is on the hands-on optics workshop “Liquid Crystal Display in the do-it-yourself”