Microbial community management in aquaculture

Microbial community management in aquaculture creates benefits at the nutritional as well as at health level for cultured species. In addition, in case of biofloc application, it allows to link species at different trophic levels, making bioflocs the potential link in integrated multispecies aquaculture

A systematic review of success factors in the community management of rural water supplies over the past 30 years

Community management is the accepted management model for rural water supplies in many low and middleincome countries. However, endemic problems in the sustainability and scalability of this model are leading many to conclude we have reached the limits of an approach that is too reliant on voluntarism and informality. Accepting this criticism but recognising that many cases of success have been reported over the past 30 years, this study systematically reviews and analyses the development pattern of 174 successful community management case studies. The synthesis confirms the premise that for community management to be sustained at scale, community institutions need a ‘plus’ that includes long-term external support, with the majority of high performing cases involving financial support, technical advice and managerial advice. Internal community characteristics were also found to be influential in terms of success, including collective initiative, strong leadership and institutional transparency. Through a meta-analysis of success in different regions, the paper also indicates an important finding on the direct relationship between success and the prevailing socio-economic wealth in a society. This holds implications for policy and programme design with a need to consider how broad structural conditions may dictate the relative success of different forms of community management

The New York City Housing Receivership and Community Management Programs

Each year New York City landlords abandon buildings containing an estimated 10,000 apartments, forcing tenants to leave as the ownerless buildings plunge into decay. At least half of these buildings are structurally solid and might last several more decades if not abandoned. Most are found in areas where problem buildings- buildings which have a potential for abandonment- will most likely be found. New York City has instituted a number of programs for dealing with buildings which are headed toward abandonment. They include code-enforcement, emergency repair and receivership programs, foreclosure for nonpayment of property taxes, and rehabilitation programs involving municipal loans, housing-repair contracts, and the conversion of buildings to tenant-owned cooperatives. This Note will trace the history, development, and operation of the New York City Housing Receivership Program, placing special emphasis on recent developments and innovations in the area of community group involvement

“When We’re on the Ice, All We Have is Our Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit”: Mobilizing Inuit Knowledge as a Sea Ice Safety Adaptation Strategy in Mittimatalik, Nunavut

Increased variability in weather and sea ice conditions due to climate change has led to high rates of injury, trauma, and death for Inuit travelling on the sea ice. Contributing to these high rates are the ongoing effects of colonial policies that diminish and disrupt the intergenerational transfer of sea ice Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (IQ). Despite these challenges, place-based experiential IQ continues to be the most important information source for safe travel on the sea ice. This paper presents an Inuit-led, coproduced, cross-cultural research project in which Inuit youth documented and mobilized sea ice IQ in Mittimatalik (Pond Inlet), Nunavut for safe community sea ice travel. We outline the Inuit youth training to facilitate the terminology and participatory mapping workshops and to document this IQ. We also discuss the IQ that was most important to share, and the mapping and artistic methods used to mobilize this IQ into a booklet, maps, and posters. Inuktitut sea ice terms are the foundation to enable youth with the skills to learn about sea ice IQ with experienced hunters. IQ enables Inuit to interpret and synthesize information from weather forecasts, earth observations, and community-based monitoring to apply to local conditions. Seasonal IQ maps of safe and hazardous sea ice conditions provide travel planning information at spatial and temporal scales that supplemental information sources cannot address. The IQ products mobilize preparedness, situational awareness, navigation, and interpretation skills so Inuit youth can become more self-reliant, as access to technology is not always possible once out on the sea ice.    La fluctuation accrue des conditions météorologiques et de l’état de la glace de mer découlant du changement climatique se traduit par des taux plus élevés de blessures, de traumatismes et de décès chez les Inuits se déplaçant sur la glace de mer. À cela s’ajoutent les effets permanents des politiques coloniales qui amenuisent et perturbent le transfert intergénérationnel de l’Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (IQ) au sujet de la glace de mer. Malgré ces défis, l’IQ tiré de l’expérience sur les lieux continue de représenter la source d’information la plus importante pour favoriser des déplacements sécuritaires sur la glace de mer. Cet article présente un projet de recherche interculturel dirigé et co-réalisé par des Inuits dans le cadre duquel de jeunes Inuits ont documenté et mobilisé l’IQ sur la glace de mer à Mittimatalik (inlet Pond), au Nunavut, en vue de déplacements communautaires sécuritaires sur la glace de mer. Nous mettons l’accent sur la formation reçue par les jeunes Inuits visant à faciliter les ateliers de terminologie et de cartographie participative ainsi qu’à documenter l’IQ en question. Nous discutons également de l’IQ le plus important à partager de même que de la cartographie et des méthodes artistiques utilisées pour mobiliser l’IQ dans un cahier, sur des cartes et sur des affiches. Les termes inuktituts propres à la glace de mer servent de fondement pour doter les jeunes des connaissances nécessaires pour apprendre l’IQ de la glace de mer avec les chasseurs d’expérience. L’IQ permet aux Inuits d’interpréter et de synthétiser l’information en provenance des prévisions météorologiques, des observations de la terre et de la surveillance communautaire afin de l’appliquer aux conditions locales. Les cartes saisonnières de l’IQ illustrant les conditions sécuritaires et les conditions dangereuses de la glace de mer fournissent de l’information pour la planification des déplacements à l’échelle spatiale et temporelle que des sources supplémentaires ne pourraient fournir. Les produits de l’IQ permettent de mobiliser les compétences en préparation, en connaissance de la situation, en navigation et en interprétation pour que les jeunes Inuits puissent devenir plus autonomes, car l’accès à la technologie n’est pas toujours possible lorsqu’ils se trouvent sur la glace de mer.

Community Management of Natural Resources in Africa: Impacts, Experiences and Future Directions

More than twenty years have passed since community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) rose to prominence in different parts of Africa as a strategy for rural development, local empowerment, and conservation. Led by new ideas about the merits of decentralized, collective resource governance regimes, and creative field experiments such as Zimbabwe's CAMPFIRE, these community-based approaches evolved in a wide range of ecological, political, and social contexts across Africa. This review provides an unprecedented pan-African synthesis of CBNRM, drawing on multiple authors and a wide range of documented experiences from Southern, Eastern, Western and Central Africa. The review discusses the degree to which CBNRM has met poverty alleviation, economic development and nature conservation objectives. In its concluding chapter, the report suggests a way forward for strengthening CBNRM and addressing key challenges in the years ahead

'State' of play : Queensland report

A number of recent legislative amendments impact on property law practice in Queensland. Property Law (Mortgagor Protection) Amendment Act 2008 (Qld) Body Corporate and Community Management Amendment Act 2009 (Qld) Residential Tenancies and Rooming Accommodation Act 2008 (Qld) Sustainable Planning Act 2009 (Qld) Vegetation Management and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2009 (Qld) Property Agents and Motor Dealers Act 2000 (Qld

Microbial community management in aquaculture

Microbial community management in aquaculture creates benefits at the nutritional as well as at health level for cultured species. In addition, in case of biofloc application, it allows to link species at different trophic levels, making bioflocs the potential link in integrated multispecies aquaculture

The impacts of a community forestry program on forest conditions, management intensity and revenue generation in the Dang district of Nepal

経済学 / EconomicsA growing literature documents the positive impact of community management on non-timber forest conservation, but not on the management of timber forests which require higher management intensity than do non-timber forests. We find in Nepal that better market access encourages felling of mature timber trees before but not after the community management began and that population pressure leads to deforestation, which would have taken place under government management, but encourages forest management in recent years under community management. Longer period of community management is found to be associated with the higher density of larger trees, indicating that the community management facilitates rehabilitation of timber forests.http://www.grips.ac.jp/list/jp/facultyinfo/otsuka_keijiro