Comparative study of commercial building energy-efficiency retrofit policies in four pilot cities in China

The energy efficiency of existing commercial buildings is more challenging to regulate and improve than the energy efficiency of new constructions. In 2011 and 2012, the Chinese Government selected four cities- Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenzhen, and Chongqing- to implement pilot commercial building energy efficiency retrofit program. Based on site surveys and expert interviews in these pilot cities, this research conducted a comparative analysis on incentive policies of local city level. The analysis results show that policy designs of existing commercial buildings should be further improved. The aspects that influence the implementation effect in the future, such as subsidy level, installments, and business model promotion, should be specified in the policy clauses. Referring to the technical solution and cost-benefit in Chongqing, we found that lighting system is the most common retrofit objects while envelope system is the least common one. And the subsidy incentive is greatest for educational buildings, followed by office buildings. In the end, we further discussed the problems and obstacles in commercial building retrofit market, and provided a series of recommendations

2016 ASC Bidding Competition – Commercial Building

Our group traveled to Reno Nevada to participate in the Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) annual bidding competition which took place from February 10th- 14th. The competition included teams from all over the western United States with many different categories for groups to participate in. The category that our group decided to participate in for our senior design project was commercial bidding. The commercial bidding category had a total of 12 teams competing on a bid estimate for Mortenson construction. The project, which we did not know anything about until arrival, was a multi-million dollar sporting complex addition that we only had 16 hours to prepare the bid for. Once the bid estimate and any documentation that was required was completed and turned in our group had to prepare a presentation for the judges who were all Mortenson employees that knew the project extremely well. In order to prepare for the completion we met weekly and worked on a practice bid estimate that we though would be similar to what we would be exposed to in Reno. The competition was a valuable experience to all group member as it gave us all practice for problems and scenarios that we may come across when we are out working in industry

Ecological Payback Time of an Energy-Efficient Modular Building

Ecological payback time was calculated for demolishing an existing commercial building with average energy performance and replacing it with an energy-efficient, prefabricated building. A life-cycle assessment was performed for a 5,000 ft2 commercial building designed by Project Frog and prefabricated in San Francisco, California, and compared to the impacts of annual energy consumption and continued status quo operation of a comparable average commercial building. Scenarios were run both with and without rooftop solar panels intended to make the prefabricated building net zero energy. The analysis considers the materials and mof the existing building, compared to continued annual energy use of the existing an existing commercial building was found to be roughly eleven years, and a building with enough rooftop solar to be net zero energy was roughly 6.5 years. The full EcoIndicator99 environmental impact payback for a new efficient building with no solar was found to be twenty years, and a solar net-zero building was roughly eleven years against operation of an existing commercial building

Commercial Building Partnerships Replication and Diffusion

This study presents findings from survey and interview data investigating replication efforts of Commercial Building Partnership (CBP) partners that worked directly with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL partnered directly with 12 organizations on new and retrofit construction projects, which represented approximately 28 percent of the entire U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CBP program. Through a feedback survey mechanism, along with personal interviews, PNNL gathered quantitative and qualitative data relating to replication efforts by each organization. These data were analyzed to provide insight into two primary research areas: 1) CBP partners’ replication efforts of technologies and approaches used in the CBP project to the rest of the organization’s building portfolio (including replication verification), and, 2) the market potential for technology diffusion into the total U.S. commercial building stock, as a direct result of the CBP program. The first area of this research focused specifically on replication efforts underway or planned by each CBP program participant. Factors that impact replication include motivation, organizational structure and objectives firms have for implementation of energy efficient technologies. Comparing these factors between different CBP partners revealed patterns in motivation for constructing energy efficient buildings, along with better insight into market trends for green building practices. The second area of this research develops a diffusion of innovations model to analyze potential broad market impacts of the CBP program on the commercial building industry in the United States

Electrical Energy Efficiency For Retroffitting Commercial Building

The objective of this study is to reduce energy operating costs by introducing electrical energy conservation programmes such as improving lighting efficiency, reducing internal energy transmission losses along power cables and to replace inefficient equipment with energy efficient products for retrofit commercial buildings. Retrofitting commercial building has been defined as existing commercial building that will be undergoing major upgrading works such as replacing of wear and tear equipment and use products of new technologies or energy conservation techniques which can increase energy efficiency within the commercial building operation in order to remain competitive in operations. Energy conservation literature was reviewed and energy conservation techniques were implemented in a Malaysia Airlines System (MAS) headquarters building located at Lot 69, Section 57, Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur. In this study energy analysis and inefficient usage of energy was determined by tabulating energy consumption and expenditure by referring to previous monthly electricity bills; monitoring of power consumption by computing variables such as power factor value, reactive energy and harmonic contents using (HIOKI) power monitoring meters and degree of luminance by determining luminaires system lux value using (HIOKI) Lux meter. Analysis of the energy data revealed that practical energy conservation programme techniques can be implemented to alleviate inefficient energy usage and reduction in operation cost. The results showed that by retrofitting the existing luminaires system to the recommended parabolic mirror reflector (PMR) luminaire and replacing the conventional bulb ' EXIT' sign luminaires to light emitting diode (LED) technology, inefficient usage electrical energy can be reduced and will lead to cost saving. The power factor correction method derived from analysis of practical energy data indicated that internal energy transmission losses over power cable can be reduced and also improve power system distribution capacity. The wear and tear of the existing electric motor can be replaced with energy efficient electric motor based on the energy consumption data comparison analysis. Improving the power quality problem especially the harmonic contents in the power system can also reduce electrical energy transmission losses by correcting the non-linear current distorted waveform. The conclusion that can be drawn here is that the electrical energy conservation programme techniques are indeed able to reduce the electrical energy consumption as shown by cost saving calculations

Final report : task 4 : waste minimisation in construction

The Regenerating Construction Project for the CRC for Construction Innovation aims to assist in the delivery of demonstrably superior ‘green’ buildings. Components of the project address eco-efficient redesign, achieving a smaller ecological footprint, enhancing indoor environment and minimising waste in design and construction. The refurbishment of Council House 1 for Melbourne City Council provides an opportunity to develop and demonstrate tools that will be of use for commercial building refurbishment generally. It is hoped that the refurbishment will act as an exemplar project to demonstrate environmentally friendly possibilities for office building refurbishment

Mixed-Use Building Design Apartments And Commercial Building

By 2020, the 2,444,160 projected population of Bandung will continue to grow, as the need for housing in Bandung City is increasing, but the land is available for restricted housing. Congestion is a problem that needs to be solved as well too. This traffic was caused by a sizable Bandung movement, especially with the movement intent to work at 60.55%. To solve this problem, mixed buildings can be an alternative solution. The mixed-use building contained a vertical dwelling that increased land efficiency, and there is also a diversity of functions that can reduce movement. By choosing new urbanism themes, the entire design aspect of the mixed-use building is linked to 10(ten) new urbanism principles, such as material, public space, circulation, and landscape

iSEA: IoT-based smartphone energy assistant for prompting energy-aware behaviors in commercial buildings

Providing personalized energy-use information to individual occupants enables the adoption of energy-aware behaviors in commercial buildings. However, the implementation of individualized feedback still remains challenging due to the difficulties in collecting personalized data, tracking personal behaviors, and delivering personalized tailored information to individual occupants. Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are used in a variety of applications including real-time monitoring, control, and decision-making due to the flexibility of these technologies for fusing different data streams. In this paper, we propose a novel IoT-based smartphone energy assistant (iSEA) framework which prompts energy-aware behaviors in commercial buildings. iSEA tracks individual occupants through tracking their smartphones, uses a deep learning approach to identify their energy usage, and delivers personalized tailored feedback to impact their usage. iSEA particularly uses an energy-use efficiency index (EEI) to understand behaviors and categorize them into efficient and inefficient behaviors. The iSEA architecture includes four layers: physical, cloud, service, and communication. The results of implementing iSEA in a commercial building with ten occupants over a twelve-week duration demonstrate the validity of this approach in enhancing individualized energy-use behaviors. An average of 34% energy savings was measured by tracking occupants’ EEI by the end of the experimental period. In addition, the results demonstrate that commercial building occupants often ignore controlling over lighting systems at their departure events that leads to wasting energy during non-working hours. By utilizing the existing IoT devices in commercial buildings, iSEA significantly contributes to support research efforts into sensing and enhancing energy-aware behaviors at minimal costs

Commercial building

Cílem této práce je vytvoření projektové dokumentace komerčního objektu. Dům je umístěn na okraji města Brno. Tento třípodlažní částečně podsklepený objekt má členitý půdorys a je zastřešen plochou střechou. Objekt bude sloužit jako sídlo firmy a sklad.An intention of this thesis is to create a project documentation of commercial building. This house is situated at the edge of Brno. Ground plan of this three-floored partly basement house is designed as broken shape. Roof of this building is designed as flat. This building is used as a company headquarters and a stock.