La metáfora ciega. El acontecimiento del lenguaje en la postmodernidad

La metáfora ciega. El acontecimiento del lenguaje en la postmodernidadLa metáfora ciega. El acontecimiento del lenguaje en la postmodernida

Prerrafaelismo y quietismo estético en Aromas de leyenda

In my Aromas de leyenda study, book of poems wroten by the Spanish Modernist author Valle- Inclán, I have attempted to show how this work is in debt to Pre-Raphaelite aesthetics and, also, to esoteric and mystic doctrines, strongly present in the last years of XIX century and relaborated by Valle in his book La lámpara maravillosa. At the same time, I have identified, although lightly, the figure oí ambivalence, which is, like the scholarship Peter Zima has showed, the main Modernism aesthetic innovation and which makes in clear the links between this Valle's work and the art of his time.Con el análisis de Aromas de leyenda de Valle Inclán he pretendido demostrar la deuda que esta obra tiene tanto con el código estético prerrafaelita como con las doctrinas esotéricas y místicas, de gran vigencia a finales del siglo XIX y reelaboradas por Valle en su libro de 1916 La lámpara maravillosa. Igualmente he identificado, aunque de modo muy leve, la presencia en Aromas de la figura de la ambivalencia, que es, como demuestra el estudioso Peter Zima, la principal innovación estética del Modernismo y que pone en evidencia la filiación de esta obra de Valle con el arte de su tiempo

Phytotoxic Effects and Mechanism of Action of Essential Oils and Terpenoids

[EN] Weeds are one of the major constraints in crop production affecting both yield and quality. The excessive and exclusive use of synthetic herbicides for their management is increasing the development of herbicide-resistant weeds and is provoking risks for the environment and human health. Therefore, the development of new herbicides with multitarget-site activity, new modes of action and low impact on the environment and health are badly needed. The study of plant-plant interactions through the release of secondary metabolites could be a starting point for the identification of new molecules with herbicidal activity. Essential oils (EOs) and their components, mainly terpenoids, as pure natural compounds or in mixtures, because of their structural diversity and strong phytotoxic activity, could be good candidates for the development of new bioherbicides or could serve as a basis for the development of new natural-like low impact synthetic herbicides. EOs and terpenoids have been largely studied for their phytotoxicity and several evidences on their modes of action have been highlighted in the last decades through the use of integrated approaches. The review is focused on the knowledge concerning the phytotoxicity of these molecules, their putative target, as well as their potential mode of action.This research was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades RTI2018-094716-B-100 and by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), project SIR-2014 cod. RBSI14L9CE (MEDANAT).Verdeguer Sancho, MM.; Sánchez-Moreiras, AM.; Araniti, F. (2020). Phytotoxic Effects and Mechanism of Action of Essential Oils and Terpenoids. Plants. 9(11):1-52. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111571S15291

Cleavage of Dinitrogen from Forming Gas by a Titanium Molecular System under Ambient Conditions

Simple exposure of a hexane solution of [TiCp*Me3](Cp* = h5-C5Me5) to an atmosphere of commercially available and inexpensive forming gas (H2/N2 mixture, 13.5-16.5 % of H2) at room temperature leads to the methylidene-methylidyne-nitrido cube-type complex [(TiCp*)4(m3-CH)(m3-CH2)(m3-N)2] via dinitrogen cleavage. This paramagnetic compound reacts with [D1]chloroform to give the titanium(IV) methylidyne-nitrido species [(TiCp*)4(m3-CH)2(m3-N)2], whereas its one-electron oxidation with AgOTf or [Fe(h5-C5H5)2](OTf) (OTf = O3SCF3) yields the diamagnetic ionic derivative [(TiCp*)4(m3-CH)(m3-CH2)(m3-N)2](OTf). The m3-nitrido ligands of the methylidyne-nitridocubane complex can be protonated with [LutH](OTf)(Lut = 2,6-lutidine) or hydrogenated with NH3·BH3 to afford m3-NH imido moieties.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España, Universidad de Alcal

Beverage Consumption Habits and Association with Total Water and Energy Intakes in the Spanish Population: Findings of the ANIBES Study

Background: Inadequate hydration is a public health issue that imposes a significant economic burden. In Spain, data of total water intake (TWI) are scarce. There is a clear need for a national study that quantifies water and beverage intakes and explores associations between the types of beverages and energy intakes. Methods: The Anthropometry, Intake and Energy Balance Study ANIBES is a national survey of diet and nutrition conducted among a representative sample of 2285 healthy participants aged 9–75 years in Spain. Food and beverage intakes were assessed in a food diary over three days. Day and time of beverage consumption were also recorded. Results: On average, TWI was 1.7 L (SE 21.2) for men and 1.6 L (SE 18.9) for women. More than 75% of participants had inadequate TWI, according to European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendations. Mean total energy intake (EI) was 1810 kcal/day (SE 11.1), of which 12% was provided by beverages. Water was the most consumed beverage, followed by milk. The contribution of alcoholic drinks to the EI was near 3%. For caloric soft drinks, a relatively low contribution to the EI was obtained, only 2%. Of eight different types of beverages, the variety score was positively correlated with TWI (r = 0.39) and EI (r = 0.23), suggesting that beverage variety is an indicator of higher consumption of food and drinks. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that well-conducted surveys such as the ANIBES study have the potential to yield rich contextual value data that can emphasize the need to undertake appropriate health and nutrition policies to increase the total water intake at the population level promoting a healthy Mediterranean hydration pattern.The ANIBES study was supported by Coca-Cola Iberia through an agreement with the Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN) who assisted with the technical advice. The current analysis included in this paper was financially supported by a Grant from the European Hydration Institute to the Canarian Foundation Science and Technology Park of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Pharmacological Activities of Aminophenoxazinones

Aminophenoxazinones are degradation products resulting from the metabolism of different plant species, which comprise a family of natural products well known for their pharmacological activities. This review provides an overview of the pharmacological properties and applications proved by these compounds and their structural derivatives during 2000-2021. The bibliography was selected according to our purpose from the references obtained in a SciFinder database search for the Phx-3 structure (the base molecule of the aminophenoxazinones). Compounds Phx-1 and Phx-3 are among the most studied, especially as anticancer drugs for the treatment of gastric and colon cancer, glioblastoma and melanoma, among others types of relevant cancers. The main information available in the literature about their mechanisms is also described. Similarly, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic activities are presented, including species related directly or indirectly to significant diseases. Therefore, we present diverse compounds based on aminophenoxazinones with high potential as drugs, considering their levels of activity and few adverse effects

Reactivity with Electrophiles of Imido Groups Supported on Trinuclear Titanium Systems

Several trinuclear titanium complexes bearingamido mu-NHR, imido mu-NR, and nitrido mu(n)-N ligands have been prepared by reaction of [{Ti(eta(5)-C5Me5)(mu-NH)}(3)(mu(3)-N)] (1) with 1 equiv of electrophilic reagents ROTf (R = H, Me, SiMe3; OTf = OSO2CF3). Treatment of 1 with triflic acid or methyl triflate in toluene at room temperature affords the precipitation of compounds [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(2)(mu-NH2)(OTf)] (2) or [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(mu-NH2)(mu-NMe)(OTf)](3). Complexes 2 and 3 exhibit a fluxional behavior in solution consisting of proton exchange between mu-NH2 and mu-NH groups, assisted by the triflato ligand, as could be inferred from a dynamic NMR spectroscopy study. Monitoring by NMR spectroscopy the reaction course. of 1 with MeOTf allows the characterization of the methylamido intermediate [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(2)(mu-NHMe)(OTf)] (4), which readily rearranges to give 3 by a proton migration from the NHMe amido group to the NH imido ligands. The treatment of 1 with 1 equiv ofMe3SiOTf produces the stable ionic complex [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(2)(mu-NHSiMe3)][OTf] (5) with a disposition of the nitrogen ligands similar to that of 4. Complex 5 reacts with 1 equiv of [K{N(SiMe3)(2)}] at room temperature to give [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-N)(mu-NH)(mu-NHSiMe3)] (6), which at 85 degrees C rearranges to the trimethylsilylimido derivative [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(2)(mu-NHSiMe3)] (7). Treatment of 7 with [K{N(SiMe3)(2)}] affords the potassium derivative [K{(mu(3)-N)(mu(3)-NH)(mu(3)-NiSMe3)Ti-3(eta(C5Me5)-C-5)(3)(mu(3)-N)}] (8), which upon addition of 18-crown-6 leads to the ion pair [K(18-crown-6)] [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(mu-NHSiMe3)] (9). The X-ray crystal structures of2, 5, 6, and 8 have been determined.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España, Comunidad de Madrid, Universidad de Alcalá, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia de Españ

Electrophilic attack on trinuclear titanium imido-nitrido systems

Alkylation of [{Ti(eta(5)-C5Me5)(mu-NH)}(3)(mu(3)-N)] with MeOTf occurs at the imido ligands to produce the methylamido derivative [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(2)(mu-NHMe)(OTf)] which readily rearranges to form the methylimido complex [Ti-3(eta(5)-C5Me5)(3)(mu(3)-N)(mu-NH)(mu-NH2)(mu-NMe)(OTf)].Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia de España, Comunidad de Madrid, Universidad de Alcal

Ultrastructural and hormonal changes related to harmaline-induced treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. root meristem

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGHarmaline is an indole alkaloid with demonstrated phytotoxicity and recognized pharmacological applications. However, no information is available concerning its mode of action on plant metabolism. Therefore, the present work evaluated bioherbicide mode of action of harmaline on plant metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Harmaline induced a strong inhibitory activity on root growth of treated seedlings, reaching IC50 and IC80 values of 14 and 29 μM, respectively. Treated roots were shorter and thicker than control and were characterized by a shorter root meristem size and an increase of root hairs production. Harmaline induced ultrastructural changes such as increment of cell wall thickness, higher density and condensation of mitochondria and vacuolization, appearance of cell wall deposits, increment of Golgi secretory activity and higher percentage of aberrant nuclei. The ethylene inhibitor AgNO3 reversed high root hair appearance and increment of root thickness, and pTCSn::GFP transgenic line showed fluorescence cytokinin signal in stele zone after harmaline treatment that was absent in control, whereas the auxin signal in the transgenic line DR5 was significantly reduced by the treatment. All these results suggest that the mode of action of harmaline could be involving auxin, ethylene and cytokinin synergic/antagonistic action.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-094716-B-10