Distúrbios da Tireoide na fertilidade masculina: uma revisão sistemática : Thyroid disorders in male fertility: a systematic review

Os problemas reprodutivos têm sido considerados uma condição que sempre afetou os seres humanos. Podem ser ocasionadas por diversos fatores, entre eles genéticos, alterações hormonais e pós-testiculares. A função tireóidea normal é primordial para o desenvolvimento adequado do aparelho reprodutor masculino e a fisiologia da reprodução masculina. Em consequência, ao excesso ou a deficiência de hormônios tireoidianos podem afetar a função testicular a diferentes níveis. O objetivo desse artigo é realizar uma revisão sistemática para verificar os fatores envolvidos a distúrbios tireoidianos que afetem a fertilidade masculina. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura de estudos transversais de base populacional, sendo identificados 2.778 artigos e incluídos 10. Dos resultados, foram observados que os hormônios tireoidianos não atuam como principais reguladores da função testicular em adultos. As principais condições fisiopatológicas estudadas são o hipo e hipertireoidismo. Ainda, foram analisados os fatores genéticos e de tratamento para condições patológicas relacionadas à tireoide. Dos artigos analisados, foi possível concluir que o hipotireoidismo é o principal agente com causas negativas relacionadas à fertilidade masculina. Também, foram observados avanços quanto aos conhecimentos genéticos da relação entre os hormônios tireoidianos e as células testiculares

Use of multivariate statistical methods for classification of olive oil

Multivariate statistical methods can contribute significantly to classification studies of extra virgin and common olive oil groups. Therefore, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to discriminate olive oil samples, multivariate statistical techniques Principal Component Analysis - PCA, Fuzzy Cluster, Silhouette Validation Method to describe and classify. The groups' distinction into organic and common was observed by applying the non-hierarchical Fuzzy grouping with a distinction between the two groups with a 65% confidence interval. The validation was performed by the silhouette index that presented S (i) of 0.73, which showed that the adopted grouping presented adequate strength and distinction criterion. However, PCA only analyzed the behaviors of data from extra virgin olive oil. Thus, the Fuzzy clustering method was the most suitable for classifying extra virgin olive oil

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Descoloração redutiva de corantes azo e o efeito de mediadores redox na presença do aceptor de elétrons sulfato Reductive decolourisation of azo dyes and the effect of redox mediators in the presence of the electron acceptor sulfate

<abstract language="eng">We investigated the impact of sulphate and the redox mediator Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) on the decolorization of the azo dyes Congo Red (CR) and Reactive Black 5 (RB5). In anaerobic reactors free of extra sulphate dosage, the color removal efficiency decreased drastically when the external electron donor ethanol was removed. In presence of an extra dosage of sulphate, CR decolourisations were 47.8% (free of AQDS) and 96.5% (supplemented with AQDS). The decolourisations achieved in both reactors with RB5 were lower than the ones found with CR. Finally, the biogenic sulphide contribution on azo dye reduction was negligiable

Effect of dye structure and redox mediators on anaerobic azo and anthraquinone dye reduction

We investigated the biological decolourisation of dyes with different molecular structures. The kinetic constant values (k1) achieved with azo dye Reactive Red 120 were 7.6 and 10.1 times higher in the presence of RM (redox mediators) AQDS and riboflavin, respectively, than the assays lacking RM. The kinetic constant achieved with the azo dye Congo Red was 42 times higher than that obtained with the anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 4. The effect of RM on dye reduction was more evident for azo dyes resistant to reductive processes, and ineffective for anthraquinone dyes because of the structural stability of the latter

Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematode: Metastrongyloidea) in molluscs from harbour areas in Brazil

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2014-03-07T18:15:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Angiostrongylus cantonensis .pdf: 445296 bytes, checksum: 3d1dc51f9309b61a8103d07822a4338b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-07T18:15:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angiostrongylus cantonensis .pdf: 445296 bytes, checksum: 3d1dc51f9309b61a8103d07822a4338b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute. Basel, Switzerland/University of Basel, Basel. SwitzerlandFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil /Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilAngiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common aetiological agent of human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Following a report indicating the presence of this parasite in Brazil in 2007, the present study was undertaken to investigate the presence of A. cantonensis in the surrounding Brazilian port areas. In total, 30 ports were investigated and the following molluscs were identified: Achatina fulica, Belocaulus sp., Bradybaena similaris sp., Cyclodontina sp., Helix sp., Leptinaria sp., Melampus sp., Melanoides tuberculata, Phyllocaulis sp., Pomacea sp., Pseudoxychona sp., Rhinus sp., Sarasinula marginata, Streptaxis sp., Subulina octona, Succinea sp., Tomigerus sp., Wayampia sp. and specimens belonging to Limacidae and Orthalicinae. Digestion and sedimentation processes were performed and the sediments were examined. DNA was extracted from the obtained larvae and the internal transcribed spacer region 2 was analysed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism after digestion with the endonuclease ClaI. Of the 30 ports investigated in this study, 11 contained molluscs infected with A. cantonensis larvae. The set of infected species consisted of S. octona, S. marginata, A. fulica and B. similaris. A total of 36.6% of the investigated ports were positive for A. cantonensis, indicating a wide distribution of this worm. It remains uncertain when and how A. cantonensis was introduced into South America

Ocorrência de moluscos do gênero Biomphalaria em parques da cidade de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2014-06-02T13:56:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 21705-91536-2-PB.pdf: 656858 bytes, checksum: cff95f6a83797eaa2e69a0d261c7a2af (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-02T13:56:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 21705-91536-2-PB.pdf: 656858 bytes, checksum: cff95f6a83797eaa2e69a0d261c7a2af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica.Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health. Basel, SwitzerlandFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica.Até pouco tempo a esquistossomose era considerada a mais prevalente endemia entre a população rural de baixa renda, especialmente nos estados do Nordeste e Sudeste do Brasil, sendo por isso classificada como “endemia rural”. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que o perfil epidemiológico desta doença está mudando, uma vez que vem sendo transmitida nas periferias e mesmo dentro de grandes centros urbanos. A cidade de Belo Horizonte-MG tem 71 parques, dos quais 55 são abertos à visitação pública. Em 31 (43,6%) deles há uma ou mais coleções hídricas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a presença de moluscos de importância médica nas coleções hídricas destes 31 parques da capital mineira. Foram coletados, em 11 parques, 551 exemplares de Biomphalaria, hospedeira intermediária do Schistosoma mansoni. Foram também coletados exemplares dos gêneros Drepanotremasp, Pomacea sp,Melanoides sp, Physa sp eLymnaea sp, este último hospedeiro intermediário de outro parasito causador da fasciolose.Todos os exemplares se mostraram negativos para cercárias de S. mansoni. No entanto, considerando a possível contaminação do meio ambiente com fezes humanas infectadas com ovos de S. mansoni e a presença dos hospedeiros intermediários, estes achados servem de alerta para uma possível instalação do ciclo de transmissão da esquistossomose em parques municipais da cidade de Belo Horizonte