Efecto sinérgico del enjuague bucal persica y del extracto etanólico iraní de propolis contra la formación de biofilm de patógenos orales (estudio in vitro)

This study was granted by Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and approved by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Author Thank all staff of Biomedicine (Medical Biology) Research Institute.Aims: Several pathogens are responsible for oral diseases and dental plaque and their main mechanism is biofilm production. Natural products are point of interest for controlling these infections. persica mouthrinse, propolis and honey are some of these products with considerable antibacterial effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate synergy effect of these products on their antibiofilm and antibacterial effect. Material and Methods: Minimal Inhibitory effect and Minimial Biofilm inhibitory concentration of persica mouthrinse, propolis, honey solely and in combination was calculated against Streptococcus mutans ATCC35668, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 , Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Results: Combination of persica and propolis had a better profile in biofilm's inhibition than honey. None of herbal combinations had synergistic effect against studied bacteria; MIC of the persica mouth had the best effect against Streptococcus mutans, which causes caries. Conclusions: There was no synergistic effect of persica and propolis and the best antimicrobial effect was observed on subminimum inhibitory concentration of persica mouthwash. Findings of the present study suggest use of other combination than honey, propolis and persica for improving antimicrobial activity of these components.Objetivos: Varios patógenos son responsables de enfermedades orales y la placa dental y su mecanismo principal es la producción de biofilm. Los productos naturales son puntos de interés para controlar estas infecciones. persica mouthrinse, propolis y miel son algunos de estos productos con considerables efectos antibacterianos. En este estudio, se buscó investigar el efecto sinérgico de estos productos sobre su antibiótico y efecto antibacteriano. Material y Métodos: Se calculó el efecto inhibidor mínimo y la concentración inhibitoria mínima de biofilm de enjuague bucal de persica, propóleos, miel únicamente y en combinación, contra Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Resultados: La combinación de persica y propóleo tuvo un mejor perfil en la inhibición de la biopelícula que la miel. Ninguna de las combinaciones de hierbas tuvo efecto sinérgico contra las bacterias estudiadas; La Se calculó el efecto inhibidor mínimo de la boca de la persica tuvo el mejor efecto contra Streptococcus mutans, que causa la caries. Conclusiones: No hubo efectos sinérgicos de la persica y el propóleo y se observó el mejor efecto antimicrobiano en la concentración mínima inhibitoria de enjuague bucal de persica. Los hallazgos del presente estudio sugieren el uso de otra combinación que la miel, el propóleo y la persica para mejorar la actividad antimicrobiana de estos componentes

The Role of Janus Kinase/STAT3 Pathway in Hematologic Malignancies With an Emphasis on Epigenetics

The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway has been known to be involved in cell growth, cellular differentiation processes development, immune cell survival, and hematopoietic system development. As an important member of the STAT family, STAT3 participates as a major regulator of cellular development and differentiation-associated genes. Prolonged and persistent STAT3 activation has been reported to be associated with tumor cell survival, proliferation, and invasion. Therefore, the JAK-STAT pathway can be a potential target for drug development to treat human cancers, e.g., hematological malignancies. Although STAT3 upregulation has been reported in hematopoietic cancers, protein-level STAT3 mutations have also been reported in invasive leukemias/lymphomas. The principal role of STAT3 in tumor cell growth clarifies the importance of approaches that downregulate this molecule. Epigenetic modifications are a major regulatory mechanism controlling the activity and function of STAT3. So far, several compounds have been developed to target epigenetic regulatory enzymes in blood malignancies. Here, we discuss the current knowledge about STAT3 abnormalities and carcinogenic functions in hematopoietic cancers, novel STAT3 inhibitors, the role of epigenetic mechanisms in STAT3 regulation, and targeted therapies, by focusing on STAT3-related epigenetic modifications

Antibacterial Properties of Aloe vera on Intracanal Medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm at Different Stages of Development

Background. Use of herbal compounds as an intracanal medicament in the field of endodontics has become noteworthy, one of which is the Aloe vera compound whose antibacterial effect has already been proven in the planktonic form of Enterococcus faecalis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial effect of Aloe vera on E. faecalis biofilms at the 4th and 6th week of development. Materials and Methods. 130 single root canal teeth without anomalies and caries were used. They were divided into two groups of 65 teeth for four and six weeks of biofilm production. Five samples of each group were examined for confirmation of biofilm formation under an electron microscope. Study groups were investigated with an antimicrobial agent as an intracanal medicament including 20 samples treated with Aloe vera, calcium hydroxide, and phosphate-buffered saline, and biofilm and survival of pathogens were investigated. Dentin chip suspensions were used for colony-forming unit (CFU) counting to estimate remaining E. faecalis counts. Results. The CFU mean in the 4th week subgroup in Aloe vera, phosphate-buffered saline, and calcium hydroxide was 0, 69166.66 ± 31688.58, and 25000 ± 30822.07, and in the 6th week, it was 136.36 ± 323.33, 95000 ± 12247.44, and 27501.66 ± 36570.34, respectively, which showed a significant difference between the used materials (p<0.05). Conclusion. Aloe vera, in contrast to calcium hydroxide, eliminated 4th and 6th week biofilms and showed remarkable antibacterial properties against E. faecalis biofilm. These results support potency of Aloe vera to use as a natural antimicrobial material in the intracanal medicament

Malassezia species infection of the synovium after total knee arthroplasty surgery

Infection is a serious complication after implantation of total knee-prostheses. However, fungal infection is rarely found in periprosthetic joints, and in most reports, the infecting organism is a species. This is a case report of infection after left knee total arthroplasty caused by species. The patient is still undergoing antifungal therapy with voriconazole and is still being followed-up. To the authors’ knowledge, the present case is the first report of species in a patient after total knee arthroplasty

Synergistic effect of persica mouthwash and Iranian ethanolic extract of propolis against biofilm formation of oral pathogens (in vitro study)

ABSTRACT Aims: Several pathogens are responsible for oral diseases and dental plaque and their main mechanism is biofilm production. Natural products are point of interest for controlling these infections. persica mouthrinse, propolis and honey are some of these products with considerable antibacterial effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate synergy effect of these products on their antibiofilm and antibacterial effect. Material and Methods: Minimal Inhibitory effect and Minimial Biofilm inhibitory concentration of persica mouthrinse, propolis, honey solely and in combination was calculated against Streptococcus mutans ATCC35668, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 , Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Results: Combination of persica and propolis had a better profile in biofilm’s inhibition than honey. None of herbal combinations had synergistic effect against studied bacteria; MIC of the persica mouth had the best effect against Streptococcus mutans, which causes caries. Conclusions: There was no synergistic effect of persica and propolis and the best antimicrobial effect was observed on subminimum inhibitory concentration of persica mouthwash. Findings of the present study suggest use of other combination than honey, propolis and persica for improving antimicrobial activity of these components

Transcriptome Analysis Methods: From the Serial Analysis of Gene Expression and Microarray to Sequencing new Generation Methods

Up-to-date research in biology, biotechnology, and medicine requires fast genome and transcriptome analysis technologies to investigate cellular state, physiology, and activity. Gene expression is the process of generating messenger RNA copies of a gene. The transcriptome, which contains the mRNA of the cell, reflects the cell's overall gene expression pattern. Understanding the nature and frequency of each RNA molecule in a given cell under certain circumstances is necessary to examine the transcriptome. Microarray and serial analysis of gene expression are two primary techniques researchers use in transcriptome studies. Here, microarray technology and next-generation sequencing of transcripts are states of the art. Since microarray technology is limited to RNA, quantifying transcript levels and sequence information, RNA-Seq provides nearly unlimited possibilities in modern bioanalysis. Sequencing of RNA, or RNA-Seq, is now a standard method to analyze gene expression and uncover novel RNA species. In addition, aspects of RNA biogenesis and metabolism can be interrogated with specialized techniques for cDNA library preparation. The present study will introduce and compare new high-performance methods used in examining the transcriptome. This also presents a detailed description of next-generation sequencing, describes the impact of this technology on transcriptome analysis, and explains its possibilities to explore the modern RNA world

Study presence of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in the sweat of patients infected with Covid-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease, which started in Wuhan, Chin, has now become a public health challenge in most countries around the world. Proper preventive measures are necessary to prevent the spread of the virus to help control the pandemic. Because, SARS-CoV-2 is new, its transmission route has not been fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the sweat secretion of COVID-19 patients. Sweat specimens of 25 COVID19 patients were collected and tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method. After RNA extraction and cDNA amplification, all samples were examined for the presence of ORF-1ab and N genes related to COVID-19. Results annotated by Realtime PCR machines software based on Dynamic algorithm. The results of this study showed the absence of SARS-CoV-2 in the sweat samples taken from the foreheads of infected people. Therefore, it can be concluded that the sweat of patients with COVID19 cannot transmit SARS-CoV-2. However they can be easily contaminated with other body liquids