Twisted: Escape of epitope-edited healthy cells from immune attack

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell-derived neoplasia is challenging to target by cell surface-directed immunotherapy due to lack of tumor cell-specific antigen identification. Marone et al. (2023. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20231235) provide a solution by target-epitope resistance editing in healthy hematopoietic stem cells

HUBUNGAN MEDIA INTERNET DAN PERAN KELUARGA DENGAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA DI SMA NEGERI 1 MOTOLING BARAT TAHUN 2020

Latar Belakang Penelitian: Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi perkembangan anak antara masa anak-anak ke masa dewasa. Selain itu ciri-ciri yang nampak berupa rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi, mulai merasakan ketertarikan dengan lawan jenis dan munculnya dorongan seksual secara alami karena perubahan hormon. Perubahan hormon yang tidak disertai dengan pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang cukup tentang perubahan yang terjadi pada tubuh sendiri seringkali memunculkan masalah pada remaja Berupa adanya perilaku seksual yang menyimpang. Media internet adalah media yang paling sering di akses untuk menyalurkan hasrat seksual para remaja seperti mengakses konten pornografi. Seringnya mengakses pornografi dapat menyebabkan perilaku seksual remaja semakin berisiko. Sikap, Perlakuan, dan interaksi keluarga mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap kepribadian remaja sehingga dapat menunda bahkan mengurangi tingkah laku remaja untuk melakukan tindakan seksual yang berisiko. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara media internet dan peran keluarga dengan perilaku seksual remaja di SMA Negeri 1 Motoling Barat. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan survei analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Motoling Barat. Waktu pelaksanaannya bulan september 2019 sampai november 2020. Responden yakni seluruh siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Motoling barat yang berjumlah 155 siswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner, program google formulir dan komputer. Analisis data yang digunakan berupa analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Pengolahan data yang digunakan yaitu uji Spearman rank (α=0,05). Hasil Penelitian: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara media internet dengan perilaku seksual remaja (p-value 0,00< 0,05) dan adanya hubungan antara peran keluarga dengan perilaku seksual remaja (p-value 0,00< 0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara Media internet dan peran keluarga dengan perilaku seksual remaja di SMA Negeri 1 Motoling Barat. Kata Kunci: Media Internet, Peran Keluarga, Perilaku Seksual, Remaja. ABSTRACTResearch Background: Adolescence is a period of adolescence during the transition of child development between childhood to adulthood. In addition, the characteristics that appear in the form of high curiosity, begin to feel attraction to the opposite sex and the emergence of natural sexual urges due to hormonal changes. Hormonal changes that are not accompanied by sufficient knowledge and understanding of the changes that occur in the body itself often cause problems for adolescents in the form of deviant sexual behavior. Internet media is the media most frequently accessed to channel teenage sexual desires such as accessing pornographic content. Frequent access to pornography can increase the risk of adolescent sexual behavior. Attitudes, treatment, and family interactions have a very big influence on the personality of adolescents so that they can delay and even reduce adolescent behavior to carry out risky sexual acts. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between internet media and the role of the family with adolescent sexual behavior in west motoling 1 public senior high school  Research Methods: This type of research used an analytic survey with a cross sectional study design. The research was conducted at West Motoling 1 Public Senior High School. The implementation time is September 2019 to November 2020. Respondents were all 155 students at West Motoling 1 Public Senior High School . The research instrument used was a questionnaire, google form program and a computer. The data analysis used was in the form of univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Data processing used is the Spearman rank Test (α = 0.05). Results: There is a significant relationship between internet media and adolescent sexual behavior (p-value 0.00 <0.05) and there is a relationship between family roles and adolescent sexual behavior (p-value 0.00 <0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between internet media and the role of the family with adolescent sexual behavior in West Motoling 1 Public Senior High School. Keywords: Internet Media, Family Role, Sexual Behavior, Adolescents

The cost of inaction in air pollution abatement policies

Two alternative air quality policies are compared: one is the application of only mandatory abatement measures from 2020 to 2030. The second is the definition of a more active and locally-based policy that will lead to a better air quality at the end of the decade. Using an integrated modelling system, we demonstrate that the active policy is quite more convenient from the economic viewpoint, at least for the specific situation of the Lombardy region, considered in the study. Improving particulate matter concentrations may however produce worse ozone values. A full view of all pollutants is thus necessary when planning for air quality at regional level.Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

The cost of inaction in air pollution abatement policies

Two alternative air quality policies are compared: one is the application of only mandatory abatement measures from 2020 to 2030. The second is the definition of a more active and locally-based policy that will lead to a better air quality at the end of the decade. Using an integrated modelling system, we demonstrate that the active policy is quite more convenient from the economic viewpoint, at least for the specific situation of the Lombardy region, considered in the study. Improving particulate matter concentrations may however produce worse ozone values. A full view of all pollutants is thus necessary when planning for air quality at regional level.Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Air Pollution and Emission Reductions over the Po-Valley: Air Quality Modelling and Integrated Assessment

The Po-valley located in northern Italy at the footstep of the Alps is characterized by a high density of anthropogenic emissions (inhab) and by the frequent occurrence of stagnant meteorological conditions. The area has therefore been identified as one hot spot place where pollutant levels will remain problematic in spite of application of the current European legislation devoted to air pollution control. By 2020, health impact on population and effects on ecosystems by ozone and eutrophication are indeed calculated to be amongst the highest in Europe and anthropogenic fine particulate matter levels are expected to be responsible for a loss of ten months of life expectancy. In general, long-range transported air pollution in the Po-Valley represents only a fraction of 30-40%, stressing the importance of local control measures in the area to efficiently reduce the impact of air pollution. In the frame of a collaboration agreement between the JRC (Joint Research Centre of the European Commission) and the government of the Lombardy region, a Model Inter-comparison exercise over the PO-valley (POMI) is organised to explore the changes in urban air-quality predicted by different air quality models in response to changes in emissions in the Po-Valley. POMI focuses on ambient levels of ozone and PM. Current Legislation (CLE) and Maximum Technically Feasible Reduction (MTFR) Emission scenarios are analysed at different spatial scales together with a set of ¿in-between¿ emission reductions corresponding to the application of regional air-quality plans over the Po-Valley and in particular over the Lombardy region. In parallel to this model inter-comparison exercise, an integrated assessment tool is being developed to design and assess the effectiveness of regional abatement policies. This tool is planed to make use of information available at the local/regional scale (technological costs, emission factors¿) and to allow investigating the efficiency of both technical and non-technical abatement measures. POMI is expected to provide information useful for the development of sectoral regional source relationships and for better accounting of the different sources of model-related uncertainties (emissions, meteorology¿) in the assessment of efficient strategies. In this work, an overview of the structure of the regional integrated assessment tool will be provided and its links with the POMI modelling exercise discussed.JRC.DDG.H.4-Transport and air qualit

COVID-19 incidence and mortality in Lombardy, Italy: An ecological study on the role of air pollution, meteorological factors, demographic and socioeconomic variables

Lombardy, the most populated and industrialized Italian region, was the epicentre of the first wave (March and April 2020) of COVID-19 in Italy and it is among the most air polluted areas of Europe. We carried out an ecological study to assess the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on COVID-19 incidence and all-cause mortality after accounting for demographic, socioeconomic and meteorological variables. The study was based on publicly available data. Multivariable negative binomial mixed regression models were fitted, and results were reported in terms of incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and standardized mortality ratios (SMR). The effect of winter temperature and humidity was modelled through restricted cubic spline. Data from 1439 municipalities out of 1507 (95%) were included in the analyses, leading to a total of 61,377 COVID-19 cases and 40,401 deaths from all-causes collected from February 20th to April 16th and from March 1st to April 30th, 2020, respectively. Several demographic and socioeconomic variables resulted significantly associated with COVID-19 incidence and all-cause mortality in a multivariable fashion. An increase in average winter temperature was associated with a nonlinear decrease in COVID-19 incidence and all-cause mortality, while an opposite trend emerged for the absolute humidity. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in the mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 over the previous years was associated with a 58% and 34% increase in COVID-19 incidence rate, respectively. Similarly, a 10 μg/m3 increase of annual mean PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 23% increase in all-cause mortality. An inverse association was found between NO2 levels and COVID-19 incidence and all-cause mortality. Our ecological study showed that exposure to PM was significantly associated with the COVID-19 incidence and excess mortality during the first wave of the outbreak in Lombardy, Italy