Methodology for characterization, evaluation and optimization of acoustic environments

Currently we are working on methodologies to characterize, evaluate and optimize acoustic environments with different approaches. One methodology is based on the evaluation of temporal energetic behavior of acoustic environment through the use of parameters associated with the autocorrelation function (ACF). In this case the main objective is to verify the variability of the temporal behavior of urban acoustic environment depending of sounds sources that are part of them. We evaluate the temporal energetic behavior in 10 urban acoustic environments using ACF in two main cities, Brasilia (Brazil) and Bogotá (Colombia). The second methodology is based on the design of an experiment to improve and optimize acoustic environments on the basis of the auditory subjective experiences of the people. It has been designed a LabVIEW application for psychoacoustic laboratory tests to evaluate the subjective perception of people. The main objective is to evaluate how adding sound signals in acoustics environments with traffic noise couls improve the experience of the users

RESCUhE Project: Cultural Heritage vulnerability in a changing and directional climate

[EN] RESCUhE Project (Improving structural RESilience of Cultural HEritage to directional extreme hydro-meteorological events in the context of the Climate Change) is a coordinated IGME-UAM research project funded by Spanish Government (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). The framework of this research is the predicted increase in climate change vulnerability of heritage sites and the current disconnection between both environmental research on material decay and the practical aspects of designing preventive conservation measurements.RESCUhE Project (Improving structural RESilience of Cultural HEritage to directional extreme hydro-meteorological events in the context of the Climate Change) is a coordinated IGME-UAM research project funded by Spanish Government (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033).Peer reviewe

Impacts of land use on the hydrological response of tropical Andean catchments

Changes in land use and land cover are major drivers of hydrological alteration in the tropical Andes. However, quantifying their impacts is fraught with difficulties because of the extreme diversity in meteorological boundary conditions, which contrasts strongly with the lack of knowledge about local hydrological processes. Although local studies have reduced data scarcity in certain regions, the complexity of the tropical Andes poses a big challenge to regional hydrological prediction. This study analyses data generated from a participatory monitoring network of 25 headwater catchments covering three of the major Andean biomes (páramo, jalca, and puna), and link their hydrological responses to main types of human interventions (cultivation, afforestation and grazing). A paired catchment setup was implemented to evaluate the impacts of change using a “trading space-for-time” approach. Catchments were selected based on regional representativeness and contrasting land use types. Precipitation and discharge have been monitored and analysed at high temporal resolution for a time period between 1 and 5 years. The observed catchment responses clearly reflect the extraordinarily wide spectrum of hydrological processes of the tropical Andes. They range from perennially humid páramos in Ecuador and northern Peru with extremely large specific discharge and baseflows, to highly seasonal, flashy catchments in the drier punas of southern Peru and Bolivia. The impacts of land use are similarly diverse and their magnitudes are a function of catchment properties, original and replacement vegetation, and management type. Cultivation and afforestation consistently affect the entire range of discharges, particularly low flows. The impacts of grazing are more variable, but have the largest effect on the catchment hydrological regulation. Overall, anthropogenic interventions result in increased streamflow variability and significant reductions in catchment regulation capacity and water yield, irrespective of the hydrological properties of the original biome

NETKIT: a software component-based approach to programmable networking

While there has already been significant research in support of openness and programmability in networks, this paper argues that there remains a need for generic support for the integrated development, deployment and management of programmable networking software. We further argue that this support should explicitly address the management of run-time reconfiguration of systems, and should be independent of any particular programming paradigm (e.g. active networking or open signaling), programming language, or hardware/ operating system platform. In line with these aims, we outline an approach to the structuring of programmable networking software in terms of a ubiquitously applied software component model that can accommodate all levels of a programmable networking system from low-level system support, to in-band packet handling, to active networking execution environments to signaling and coordination

Tar-garch and stochastic volatility model: evaluation based on simulations and financial time series

The paper analyzes the empirical performance between the Stochastic Volatility (SV) and TAR-GARCH models. SV models are flexible enough to explain excess kurtosis, although the inclusion of TAR in the GARCH model improves the variance asymmetry in the time series. These models are used to analyze three daily time series (one simulated series and two financial time series) in order to illustrate the performance of both models. The analysis of residuals is used to evaluate the goodness of fit. We conclude that the SARV model is more useful for capturing the main features of the volatility time series than the TAR-GARCH model.Postprint (published version

Tar-garch and stochastic volatility model: evaluation based on simulations and financial time series

The paper analyzes the empirical performance between the Stochastic Volatility (SV) and TAR-GARCH models. SV models are flexible enough to explain excess kurtosis, although the inclusion of TAR in the GARCH model improves the variance asymmetry in the time series. These models are used to analyze three daily time series (one simulated series and two financial time series) in order to illustrate the performance of both models. The analysis of residuals is used to evaluate the goodness of fit. We conclude that the SARV model is more useful for capturing the main features of the volatility time series than the TAR-GARCH model

Mining tools and lithic production in a mining production context or how can the expected become unexpected

In archaeological. research it is common practice to infer the function of prehistoric tools from their typology and the context m which they were recovered. However, analysis of function based on the inspection of macro- and microscopic use-wear evidence is the only way to provide credible support for such inferences. The present work reports data gathered during the use-wear analysis of a sample of antier and stone artefacts found in the Neolithic mine of Casa Montero. These data certify that the antler tool recovered were not mining tools, while the knapped stone tools provide new information regarding activities undertaken in this flint mining context, as well as the taphonomic processes occurring at the site. The proposed uses of these tools indicate human habitation near the site.Peer Reviewe

Tar-garch and stochastic volatility model: evaluation based on simulations and financial time series

The paper analyzes the empirical performance between the Stochastic Volatility (SV) and TAR-GARCH models. SV models are flexible enough to explain excess kurtosis, although the inclusion of TAR in the GARCH model improves the variance asymmetry in the time series. These models are used to analyze three daily time series (one simulated series and two financial time series) in order to illustrate the performance of both models. The analysis of residuals is used to evaluate the goodness of fit. We conclude that the SARV model is more useful for capturing the main features of the volatility time series than the TAR-GARCH model

Diaphorina citri Kuw. (Hemiptera: Liviidae) en la citricultura cubana

Diaphorina citri Kuw. es una de las plagas más importantes para la citricultura cubana, por su rol en la diseminación del huanglongbing. En el manejo de la enfermedad se incluye el manejo del vector; para lograrlo es necesario conocer la duración del ciclo de vida, los parámetros poblacionales, la identificación de enemigos naturales, el comportamiento ecológico en diferentes agroecosistemas citrícolas del país, los métodos de muestreo y las medidas de control. Estos aspectos se estudiaron desde la detección de D. citri en Cuba. Existe sincronización del ciclo de vida del insecto y el desarrollo del brote; en condiciones favorables el factor restrictivo para la oviposición es la presencia o ausencia de brotes. La duración del ciclo de vida fluctúa entre 13 y 17 días a temperaturas de 25 a 29ºC. La fecundidad promedio (huevos / hembra) fue de 294,83 con un máximo de 731 huevos y la tasa de oviposición de 14,81±16,30 huevos /día. La tasa neta reproductiva (Ro) fue de 174.3, el tiempo generacional fue 20,98 días y la tasa intrínseca de crecimiento poblacional (rm) de 0,24. Los valores alcanzados indican que D. citri tiene un alto potencial reproductivo y es capaz de duplicar su población en 20,98 días. Los estadios más susceptibles del insecto son el estado de huevo y los estadios ninfales N1 y N2, Como enemigos naturales se han identificado 7 depredadores, un parasitoide y un hongo entomopatógeno que lo controlan en sus diferentes estadios y complementan su manejo. Los picos poblacionales se observaron en las nuevas brotaciones, preferentemente por la haz de las hojas, sin orientación geográfica. Los factores climáticos contribuyen al comportamiento del psílido, mayormente las temperaturas y las precipitaciones. Se señala el monitoreo sistemático con énfasis fenológico y el uso de insecticidas, aceites minerales y extractos vegetales para el manejo de este vector