La transparence de la vie publique et les associations agrées par la HATVP

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Finger force sharing during an adapted power grip task

International audienceThis study analyses the finger force sharing using power grip task with adapted experimental conditions. This paradigm limits as much as possible the external constraints when the Index (I), Middle (M), Ring (R) and Little (L) fingers act simultaneously: the thumb did not oppose the other fingers and no secondary moments were applied to the wrist. The motor control of these two parameters was limited in contrary to the previous paradigms of the literature. The results showed that the force sharing, the force deficit and the location of the neutral line were different in this condition compared to a classical finger pressing task. We suggest that the observed behaviour was due to the peripheral architecture (muscle bellies, multi-digit motor units) more than the control of the constraints of the tasks. We propose to use this paradigm in further fundamental studies and also during clinical programmes to evaluate the rehabilitation of peripheral architecture characteristics and also finger control. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Architectural and Mechanical Changes after Five Weeks of Intermittent Static Stretch Training on the Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle of Active Adults

We investigated the effects of intermittent long-term stretch training (5 weeks) on the architectural and mechanical properties of the muscle–tendon unit (MTU) in healthy humans. MTU’s viscoelastic and architectural properties in the human medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle and the contribution of muscle and tendon structures to the MTU lengthening were analyzed. Ten healthy volunteers participated in the study (four females and six males). The passive stretch of the plantar flexor muscles was achieved from 0° (neutral ankle position) to 25° of dorsiflexion. Measurements were obtained during a single passive stretch before and after the completion of the stretching protocol. During the stretch, the architectural parameters of the MG muscle were measured via ultrasonography, and the passive torque was recorded by means of a strain-gauge transducer. Repeated-measure ANOVA was applied for all parameters. When expressed as a percentage for all dorsiflexion angles, the relative torque values decreased (p p p p p p p < 0.001). Our results suggest that five weeks of intermittent static stretch training significantly change the behavior of the MTU. Specifically, it can increase flexibility and increase tendon contribution during MTU lengthening

Improvement of the HCOOH retrieval from IASI measurements: Comparison with ground-based measurements

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Improved HCOOH retrieval from IASI measurements: Comparison with ground-based measurements

International audienceFormic acid (HCOOH) is one among the most abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in the atmosphere. HCOOH sources include emissions from vegetation, soil and biomass burning. To a lesser extent, it is also produced by motor vehicles. It is mainly a secondary product from organic precursors.HCOOH plays a role in the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere and on the global budget of tropospheric ozone (O3), and it is also a source of rain acidity in remote areas. There are however large uncertainties on sources and sinks and HCOOH is misrepresented in the global emissions inventories.In this work, we retrieve concentrations from spectra recorded by the IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) instrument launched onboard the MetOp-A satellite in 2006. IASI is a nadir looking Fourier transform spectrometer, sounding the atmosphere with a global coverage twice per day. The HCOOH global distributions are derived using a new retrieval approach, based on conversion factors between brightness temperature differences and representative retrieved total columns.We present global distributions and comparisons with FTIR measurements obtained at La Reunion, Wollongong and Jungfraujoch from 2008 to 2013. The IASI instrument provides a 6-year record for different regions, highlighting the signatures from biomass burning events and allowing the study of seasonal and interannual variation

One-year metreleptin therapy decreases PCSK9 serum levels in diabetic patients with monogenic lipodystrophy syndromes

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Methyl(R217)HuR and MCM6 are inversely correlated and are prognostic markers in non small cell lung carcinoma

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Common gardens in teosintes reveal the establishment of a syndrome of adaptation to altitude

Author summary Across their native range species encounter a diversity of habitats promoting local adaptation of geographically distributed populations. While local adaptation is widespread, much has yet to be discovered about the conditions of its emergence, the targeted traits, their molecular determinants and the underlying ecological drivers. Here we employed a reverse ecology approach, combining phenotypes and genotypes, to mine the determinants of local adaptation of teosinte populations distributed along two steep altitudinal gradients in Mexico. Evaluation of 11 populations in two common gardens located at mid-elevation pointed to adaptation via an altitudinal multivariate syndrome, in spite of gene flow. We scanned genomes to identify loci with allele frequency shifts along elevation, a subset of which associated to trait variation. Because elevation mimics climate change through space, these polymorphisms may be relevant for future maize breeding.Peer reviewe

Atmospheric free acidity from cloud processing

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Atmospheric free acidity from cloud processing

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