75 research outputs found
On the Variational Principle for Generalized Gibbs Measures
We present a novel approach to establishing the variational principle for
Gibbs and generalized (weak and almost) Gibbs states. Limitations of a
thermodynamical formalism for generalized Gibbs states will be discussed. A new
class of intuitively weak Gibbs measures is introduced, and a typical example
is studied. Finally, we present a new example of a non-Gibbsian measure arising
from an industrial application.Comment: To appear in Markov Processes and Related Fields, Proceedings
workshop Gibbs-nonGibb
Linearly edge-reinforced random walks
We review results on linearly edge-reinforced random walks. On finite graphs,
the process has the same distribution as a mixture of reversible Markov chains.
This has applications in Bayesian statistics and it has been used in studying
the random walk on infinite graphs. On trees, one has a representation as a
random walk in an independent random environment. We review recent results for
the random walk on ladders: recurrence, a representation as a random walk in a
random environment, and estimates for the position of the random walker.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921706000000103 in the IMS
Lecture Notes--Monograph Series
(http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Electrochemical Reducing of Terbium and Holmium Ions in the Sodium and Potassium Chlorides Melt with Equimolar Composition
Interest to rare-earth metals (REM) and their alloys is due to the possibility of using them for the creation of new materials need for modern technology. For instance, REM as alloying components allows for preparation of material with special magnetic properties. A promising method for forming such coating is the surface treatment of metals. This process has an electrochemical character as such for the organization of technology the knowledge of kinetics and mechanism of these processes is important. Despite significant interest in rare-earth metals, these issues are not well described in the literature. In order to choose an adequate mathematical model for calculation of kinetic primers, preliminary experiments that allow evaluating the reversibility of the electrode process have been conducted. Based on that, it was concluded that cathodic reduction of terbium and holmium ions in equimolar NaCl-KCl melt is irreversible. By means of voltammetric analysis, kinetic parameters (transfer coefficients, heterogeneous constants of charge transfer rate) of terbium and holmium electroreduction in equimolar NaCl-KCl melt were determined. The experiment was conducted in a three-electrode cell under a purified argon atmosphere. A dependency of kinetic parameters on the concentration of terbium and holmium chlorides wt (%): 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, was determined. The experiment was conducted in 1073â1173K temperature range. Values of kinetic parameters increase with temperature but decrease with the increase of REM chloride. Based on obtained data, it was found that electroreduction of chloride complexes LnCl63â (LnâTb, Ho) in equimolar NaCl-KCl melt is irreversible in the studied range of temperatures and REM concentrations. In summary of experimental data, in range of temperature and rare-earth chloride concentration, and assumption was made that reduction of terbium and holmium ions occurs in two stages. The process includes the preceding stage of complex dissociation. A mechanism of LnCl63â complex reduction in the mentioned melt is proposed. The obtained results are in agreement with literate data for analogues systems
Determination Of Formation Regimes For Bilayer Cobalt Dysprosium Intermetalic Surface Alloy
High tech industrial fields on modern development stage are in need of construction materials with an optimal ratio of volume and surface properties, along with low cost of material itself. As evidenced by studies, in order to give a set complex of properties to a workpiece that operates under specific conditions, it is often sufficient to only modify its surface area. Over the course of studies, by means of gravimetric, influence of technological parameters (temperature and time samples are kept in the melt) on specific mass change of cobalt samples, that act as substrate, during electroless diffusive saturation with dysprosium in eutectic melt of lithium and potassium chlorides have been studied. A mathematical dependency was established for specific mass change of cobalt samples on time spent in melt for temperature range of 873â973 K. Composition of intermetallic coats obtained on surface of cobalt samples was studied means of EDX and SEM analyses. It was discovered, that for chosen temperature range, diffusion layers formed on surface of cobalt samples consists of two structural zones that correspond to Co-Dy and Cp2Dy phases
Discrete approximations to vector spin models
We strengthen a result of two of us on the existence of effective
interactions for discretised continuous-spin models. We also point out that
such an interaction cannot exist at very low temperatures. Moreover, we compare
two ways of discretising continuous-spin models, and show that, except for very
low temperatures, they behave similarly in two dimensions. We also discuss some
possibilities in higher dimensions.Comment: 12 page
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Controlled assembly of graphene-capped nickel, cobalt and iron silicides
In-situ dendrite/metallic glass matrix composites (MGMCs) with a composition of Ti46Zr20V12Cu5Be17 exhibit ultimate tensile strength of 1510â
MPa and fracture strain of about 7.6%. A tensile deformation model is established, based on the five-stage classification: (1) elastic-elastic, (2) elastic-plastic, (3) plastic-plastic (yield platform), (4) plastic-plastic (work hardening), and (5) plastic-plastic (softening) stages, analogous to the tensile behavior of common carbon steels. The constitutive relations strongly elucidate the tensile deformation mechanism. In parallel, the simulation results by a finite-element method (FEM) are in good agreement with the experimental findings and theoretical calculations. The present study gives a mathematical model to clarify the work-hardening behavior of dendrites and softening of the amorphous matrix. Furthermore, the model can be employed to simulate the tensile behavior of in-situ dendrite/MGMCs
The RNA Editing Pattern of cox2 mRNA Is Affected by Point Mutations in Plant Mitochondria
The mitochondrial transcriptome from land plants undergoes hundreds of specific C-to-U changes by RNA editing. These events are important since most of them occur in the coding region of mRNAs. One challenging question is to understand the mechanism of recognition of a selected C residue (editing sites) on the transcript. It has been reported that a short region surrounding the target C forms the cis-recognition elements, but individual residues on it do not play similar roles for the different editing sites. Here, we studied the role of the â1 and +1 nucleotide in wheat cox2 editing site recognition using an in organello approach. We found that four different recognition patterns can be distinguished: (a) +1 dependency, (b) â1 dependency, (c) +1/â1 dependency, and (d) no dependency on nearest neighbor residues. A striking observation was that whereas a 23 nt cis region is necessary for editing, some mutants affect the editing efficiency of unmodified distant sites. As a rule, mutations or pre-edited variants of the transcript have an impact on the complete set of editing targets. When some Cs were changed into Us, the remaining editing sites presented a higher efficiency of C-to-U conversion than in wild type mRNA. Our data suggest that the complex response observed for cox2 mRNA may be a consequence of the fate of the transcript during mitochondrial gene expression
Multiple Myeloma with Intracranial Distribution
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant immunoproliferative disease involving plasma cells, leading to their malignant proliferation and the production of monoclonal paraproteins. Intracranial tumor spread in MM is very rare. This is a unique and infrequent localization, which makes it difficult to diagnose the disease. We report a rare case of treatment of a patient with MM intracranial spread, whose disease was presumably in remission and recurred as an intracranial plasmacytoma with a clinical picture of acute cerebrovascular accident. Surgical intervention was performed to remove the tumor, a histopathological analysis of the removed tissue was carried out. Even with early diagnosis, the prognosis remains bleak, with median survival rates of 3 to 6 months. However, aggressive multimodal treatment can prolong life by months
Atomically precise semiconductor-graphene and hBN interfaces by Ge intercalation
The full exploration of the potential, which graphene offers to nanoelectronics requires its integration into semiconductor technology. So far the real-world applications are limited by the ability to concomitantly achieve large single-crystalline domains on dielectrics and semiconductors and to tailor the interfaces between them. Here we show a new direct bottom-up method for the fabrication of high-quality atomically precise interfaces between 2D materials, like graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and classical semiconductor via Ge intercalation. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and complementary DFT modelling we observed for the first time that epitaxially grown graphene with the Ge monolayer underneath demonstrates Dirac Fermions unaffected by the substrate as well as an unperturbed electronic band structure of hBN. This approach provides the intrinsic relativistic 2D electron gas towards integration in semiconductor technology. Hence, these new interfaces are a promising path for the integration of graphene and hBN into state-of-the-art semiconductor technology
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