Training in a shallow pool: Its effect on upper extremity strength and total body weight in postmenopausal women

Background: The decrease in muscle mass and muscular strength and the increase in total body weight have significant implications for the health and functioning of postmenopausal women. Exercising in water has become increasingly popular as a means of delaying the physiological decline associated with age in middle-aged and older women. Research question: Is a 12-month aerobic and resistance water training program in a shallow pool effective in increasing muscle strength and decreasing total body weight in postmenopausal women? Type of study: Randomised controlled study. Methods: Thirty-eight subjects were randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG; n = 21) and a control group (CG; n = 17). The exercise group enrolled in a systematic aerobic and resistance training programme for 12 months performed at a frequency of 2 sessions per week, 45 minutes per session. Upper-extremity biokinetic strength and body mass index (BMI) were measured before and after the intervention. CG participants were physically active. Results: EG participants improved significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in mean force (MF: 7.92%), mean power (MP: 9.08%) and mean work (MW: 9.3%). Mean stroke length decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in EG (-5.68%) and in CG (-11.5%). BMI was also significantly decreased (p ≤0.05) in EG participants (-2.75%). Conclusions: These results indicate that training in a shallow pool has significant implications for improving upper extremity muscular strength and total body weight in postmenopausal women

Indicaciones y sugerencias sobre el entrenamiento de fuerza y resistencia en ancianos

En este artículo pretendemos exponer las tendencias que existen sobre entrenamiento deportivo en personas mayores. Casi siempre, estamos acostumbrados a asociar el ejercicio físico que practican con actividades lúdicas, de baja o nula intensidad en las que el carácter lúdico es el principal protagonista de la sesión dejando atrás el rendimiento físico. Un correcto trabajo de resistencia o de fuerza bien realizado, a unas cargas de entrenamiento considerables producen una mejora fisiológica que aumenta su independencia funcional, y que mejora, no solo sus condiciones de vida sino que a la larga disminuyen las principales causas de muerte que existenIn this paper we expose the trends that exist about training in greater persons. Almost always, we are accustomed to associate the physical exercise that they practice with games activities . This activities have a low level of instensity and the objetives is the game whithout performance. A good work of endurance or strength adapted training charges produce a physiological improvement that increases their functional independence, and it improves their life quality and it reduces the causes of death that exist in Spain

Mejora continua de la calidad en una unidad médica de valoración de incapacidad temporal

Artículos originales[ES]Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo es el diseño de un plan de mejora continua de la calidad en una Unidad Médica de Valoración de Incapacidades (UMVI). Métodos: La metodología utilizada sigue las directrices marcadas por la Consejería de Salud, en cuanto a procesos e indicadores, que se recogen en el Plan Anual de Inspección. En nuestra Unidad estamos implantando el modelo EFQM de Excelencia. Resultados: Se expone nuestra propuesta de Plan de Calidad para la UMVI. Conclusiones: Destacamos la falta de formación de los profesionales sanitarios responsables de la prescripción de la prestación de IT. Existe unanimidad respecto a la necesidad de unificar criterios de gestión de la Incapacidad Temporal, por lo que sería interesante consensuar este documento con el resto de Unidades Médicas de Valoración de Incapacidades que realizan su trabajo en la Comunidad Autónoma Andaluza, pudiéndose extender a otras Autonomías. [EN] Objective: Our objective is design a continuous improvement quality plan in the Medical Unit for Disabilities Valuation (MUDV). Methods: The used methodology follows the guidelines marked by the Health Council, as for processes and indicators that are picked up in the Annual Plan of Inspection. In our Unit we are implanting the EFQM pattern of Excellency. Results: Our proposal of Quality Plan is exposed for the MUDV. Conclusions: We highlight the lack of the sanitary professionals' responsible for the benefit prescription of the of Temporary Disability (DT) formation. Unanimity exists regarding the necessityof unifying approaches to administrate the DT. Itwould be interesting staying according to this document with other Medical Units for Disabilities Valuation that carries out its work in the AndalusiaAutonomous Community, being able to extend toother Autonomies.N

Occupational health and quality of diagnosis in the sickness absence processes

Artículos originales[ES] Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad del diagnóstico del parte de baja en los procesos de incapacidad temporal. Material y Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo, de una muestra aleatoria de 1200 pacientes en baja laboral de duración superior a 15 días, controlados por la Unidad Médica de Valoración de Incapacidades (UMVI) de Córdoba, desde 1-01-2007 a 30-06-2008. Fuentes de datos: Partes de baja y alta de los trabajadores, recogidos en la UMVI, contando con el asesoramiento del Médico del Trabajo. Se valoró la calidad mediante la reproducibilidad, a través del índice kappa, y la validez del diagnóstico por grupos de la CIE-9-MC con los parámetros sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos. Resultados: La mayor concordancia se obtuvo para el grupo diagnóstico de trastornos mentales (kappa 0,86; error estándar 0,03). La sensibilidad más alta se produjo en los grupos diagnósticos V (82,9%), XII (78,6%) y XIII (78,4%), y los valores predictivos positivos fueron superiores en los grupos V (94,6%), XIII (85%) y II (85%). Conclusiones: La calidad del diagnóstico que consta en los partes de baja es aceptable. Una buena información a los médicos de Atención Primaria y una estrecha colaboración con el médico especialista en Medicina del trabajo permitirá mejorar la calidad de los diagnósticos.[EN]Objective: To evaluate the quality of the diagnosis in the sick leave certificate of the sickness absence processes. Material and Method: Descriptive observational study. A sample of 1200 patients of long term sick leave (>15 days), controlled by the Medical Unit of Valuation of Disabilities (MUVD), from 1-01-2007 at 30-06-2008.Data source: sickness leaves certificates, registered in the MUVD, having the advice of the occupational medicine specialist. The quality was determined using the reliability, through the kappa index; and the agreement of the diagnosis for groups of the CIE-9-MC with the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values parameters. Results: The biggest agreement was obtained for the diagnosis group of mental diseases (kappa 0,86; standard error 0,03). The highest sensitivity took place in the diagnoses V (82,9%), XII (78,6%) and XIII (78,4%); and the positive predictive values were but high in the V (94,6%), XIII (85%) and II (85%) groups. Conclusions: The quality of the diagnosis on the sick leave certificate is acceptable. Good information to the primary health care physicians and a narrow collaboration with the occupational medicine specialist will allow to improve the quality of the diagnoses.N

Protocolo para la vigilancia de la salud del profesorado con atención a la enfermedad profesional

Artículo original[ES] El docente es uno de los principales sectores laborales cuantitativa y cualitativamente, siendo esencial un nivel óptimo de salud laboral para realizar adecuadamente su tarea. Desde la entrada en vigor del Real Decreto 1299/2006, los "Nódulos de las cuerdas vocales a causa de los esfuerzos sostenidos de la voz por motivos profesionales" constituyen una enfermedad profesional en el pro fesorado, cuestión novedosa para este colectivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es la propuesta de un protocolo para la vigilancia de la salud del profesorado. Cuestión que surge tras realizar un estudio epidemiológico para conocer la forma de enfermar del profesorado de secundaria, a partir de una muestra representativa, considerando variables de salud laboral. Analizamos la patología más frecuente que aparece en la población encuestada,entre la que figura los trastornos de la voz, incluidos los nódulos de las cuerdas vocales. La impor tancia de diagnosticar esta enfermedad obliga a tenerla en cuenta en los reconocimientos médicos para la Vigilancia de la Salud realizados en el profesorado. De ahí que propongamos un protocolopara facilitar el examen de salud específico, así como una secuencia de actuación ante su posible diagnóstico.[EN] Teachering is one of the quantitatively and qualitatively main economical sectors, being essential an optimum level of occupational health to adequately perform their task. Since the entry into force of Real Decreto 1299/2006, "Nodules of the vocal cords because of the sustained efforts of the voice for professional reasons" constitute an occupational disease for teachers, a new issue for this group. The purpose of this paper is the proposal of a procedure for monitoring the health of the teaching staff. This is a matter that arises from an epidemiological research in order to find out how a representative sample of secondary education teaching staff could fall ill, considering variables of occupational health. We have analyzed the most frequent pathology appearing in the surveyed population, among which disorders of the voice are found including vocal cord nodules. The importance of diagnosing this disease requires it to be included in medical check-ups done to the teaching staff for the Health Surveillance. Hence, we propose a procedure to facilitate the specific health exam, as well as a following approach faced with its possible diagnosis.N

Evaluation of a new automated Abbott RealTime MTB RIF/INH assay for qualitative detection of rifampicin/isoniazid resistance in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary clinical samples of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A new automated real-time PCR assay for the detection of rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was evaluated. A total of 163 clinical samples (128 pulmonary and 35 extra-pulmonary) were processed using four PCR assay kits: Abbott RealTime MTB RIF/INH, Genotype MTBDRplus, Xpert/MTB RIF, and Anyplex MTB/MDR. The results of phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing using BACTECMGIT 960 were used as reference. The sensitivity and specificity of the new Abbott RealTime MTB RIF/ INH assay in comparison with phenotypic testing was 96.3% (95%CI 87.32%–100%) for RIF and 100% (95%CI 99.3%–100%) for INH; the sensitivity was 78.8% (95%CI 66.8%–90.9%) and the specificity was 100% (95%CI 98.9%–100%). The Abbott RealTime MTB RIF/INH test could be a valid method for detecting the most common mutations in strains resistant to RIF and INH

Measurement and categorization of environmental awareness in university students: the contribution of the University to strengthening it

A tool for the measurement and distribution into categories of environmental awareness (EA) in the university is presented, described by the different dimensions that define this concept: cognitive, affective, attitudinal and active. The research takes place at the University of Cordoba (Spain) in 2008-2009 with a sample of 1082 students. By using indicators that describe each dimension of the EA, a measure has been built in order to be able to synthesize different levels of EA around which we can label the students. By studying the relationship of the independent variables involved with the group at these levels, it is possible to know the causes of this distribution. The possibility of having this data is relevant for the subsequent design of environmental education programs and curricular greening. The results show three levels of grouping: higher EA, lower EA and the one not conditioned by the EA. These levels relate significantly to the variables of academic background, gender and age, and not to the variables of the students` progress during their university life (‘course’ or ‘stage’). In conclusion, the University of Córdoba has not yet built effective processes for curricular greening

Estudo transversal sobre fatores de risco de violência por parceiro íntimo entre enfermeiras

This study aimed to identify factors underlying the risk of suffering abuse by a partner. A cross-sectional study of 622 female nurses was accomplished, randomly chosen at their place of work, at a hospital and health centers. We used a self-administered validated questionnaire that covered psychological, physical and sexual abuse, complemented by a set of sociodemographic questions. The nurses at most risk of being abused by their partners were those who supported their family by their own salary (Odds Ratio: 2.41 [0.63-9.15]), those who lived with dependents (Odds Ratio: 4.27 [1.43-2.78]) and had a partner from social class IIIa (Odds Ratio: 2.62 [1.37-5.00]). The data appear to indicate financial independence as a risk factor for this type of abuse.Se tuvo por objetivo investigar los factores de riesgo relacionados al maltrato por compañero íntimo. Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado en 622 enfermeras, elegidas por aleatorización de sus lugares de trabajo, Hospitales y Centros de Salud. Se utilizó un cuestionario autoadministrado sobre maltratos psicológico, físico y sexual, complementado con preguntas de carácter sociodemográfico. Las mujeres enfermeras con mayor probabilidad de sufrir violencia del compañero íntimo fueron las que mantienen la familia con su salario (Odds Ratio: 2,41 [0,63-9,15]), las que conviven con hijos (Odds Ratio: 4,27 [1,43-2,78]) y las con pareja de clase social IIIa (Odds Ratio: 2.62 [1.37-5.00]). Se concluye que los datos parecen indicar que la independencia constituye un riesgo de maltrato.O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores de risco de abuso por parceiro íntimo entre enfermeiras. Trata-se de estudo transversal, realizado com 622 enfermeiras, selecionadas aleatoriamente nos seus locais de trabalho (hospitais e centros de saúde). Utilizou-se um questionário autoadministrado sobre maus-tratos psicológico, físico e sexual, complementado com perguntas de caráter sociodemográfico. As mulheres enfermeiras com maior probabilidade de sofrer violência foram: aquelas que mantinham a família com seu salário (Odds Ratio: 2,41 [0,63-9,15]), as que conviviam com filhos (Odds Ratio: 4,27 [1,43-2,78]) e com parceiro íntimo de classe social IIIa (Odds Ratio: 2.62 [1.37-5,00]). Os dados parecem indicar que a independência representa fator de risco para esse abuso

Nurses as agents for achieving environmentally sustainable health systems: a bibliometric analysis

Aim:To analyse the current scientific knowledge and research lines focused on envi-ronmentally sustainable health systems, including the role of nurses.Background:There seem to be differences between creating interventions focusedon environmentally sustainable health systems, including nurses, and the scarcity ofresearch on this topic, framed on the Sustainable Development Goals.Methods:A bibliometric analysis was carried out, via three databases (Web of Sci-ence, Scopus and Pubmed), and the guideline recommendations were followed toselect bibliometric data.Results:The search resulted in 159 publications, significantly increasing the trendsfrom 2017 to 2021 (p=.028). The most relevant countries in this area were theUnited States, the United Kingdom and Sweden. Also, the top articles were from rel-evant journals, indexed in Journal Citation Report, and the first and the second quar-tiles linked to the nursing field and citations (p< .001).Conclusion:Education is key to achieving environmentally sustainable health sys-tems via institutions and policies.Implications for Nursing Management:There is a lack of experimental data and poli-cies on achieving or maintaining environmentally sustainable health care systems,indicating that nurses have an important role and should be consulted and includedin decision-making policies regarding sustainability in the health care systems