A U(3)U(3) Gauge Theory on Fuzzy Extra Dimensions

In this article, we explore the low energy structure of a $U(3)$ gauge theory over spaces with fuzzy sphere(s) as extra dimensions. In particular, we determine the equivariant parametrization of the gauge fields, which transform either invariantly or as vectors under the combined action of $SU(2)$ rotations of the fuzzy spheres and those $U(3)$ gauge transformations generated by $SU(2) \subset U(3)$ carrying the spin $1$ irreducible representation of $SU(2)$. The cases of a single fuzzy sphere $S_F^2$ and a particular direct sum of concentric fuzzy spheres, $S_F^{2 \, Int}$, covering the monopole bundle sectors with windings $\pm 1$ are treated in full and the low energy degrees of freedom for the gauge fields are obtained. Employing the parametrizations of the fields in the former case, we determine a low energy action by tracing over the fuzzy sphere and show that the emerging model is abelian Higgs type with $U(1) \times U(1)$ gauge symmetry and possess vortex solutions on ${\mathbb R}^2$, which we discuss in some detail. Generalization of our formulation to the equivariant parametrization of gauge fields in $U(n)$ theories is also briefly addressed.Comment: 27+1 page

Percutaneous management of complicated parapneumonic effusion and empyema after surgical tube thoracostomy failure in children: a retrospective study

PurposeWe aimed to evaluate the results of percutaneous management of complicated parapneumonic effusions (PPE) and empyema after surgical tube thoracostomy failure in children.MethodsA total of 84 children treated percutaneously after surgical tube thoracostomy failure between 2004 and 2019 were included to this retrospective study. Technical success was defined as appropriate placement of the drainage catheter. Clinical success was defined as complete resolution of infection both clinically and radiologically. Management protocol included imaging-guided pigtail catheter insertion, fibrinolytic therapy, serial ultrasonographic evaluation, catheter manipulations as necessary (revision, exchange, or upsizing), and appropriate antibiotherapy. All patients were followed up at least 6 months.ResultsTechnical success rate was 100%. Unilateral single, unilateral double, and bilateral catheter insertions were performed in 73, 9, and 2 patients, respectively. Inserted catheter sizes ranged from 8 F to 16 F. Streptokinase, urokinase, and tissue plasminogen activator were used as fibrinolytic agent in 29 (34%), 14 (17%), and 41 (49%) patients, respectively. In order to maintain effective drainage, 42 additional procedures (catheter exchange, revision, reposition, or additional catheter placement) were performed in 20 patients (24%). Clinical success was achieved in 83 of 84 patients (99%). Median catheter duration was 8 days (4–32 days). Median hospital stay during percutaneous management was 11.5 days (7–45 days). Factors affecting the median catheter duration were the presence of necrotizing pneumonia (p < 0.001) and bronchopleural fistulae (p < 0.001).ConclusionPercutaneous imaging-guided catheterization with fibrinolytic therapy should be the method of choice in pediatric complicated PPE and empyema patients with surgical tube thoracostomy failure. Percutaneous treatment is useful in avoiding more aggressive surgical options

The effects of vitamin D, C, E and zinc supplementation in chronic non specific low back pain

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D3, vitamin C, vitamin E and zinc supplements on pain and functional capacity in Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP).Methods: 20 patients (female/male:10/10) with CLBLP, aged between 28 and 57 years (mean age: 41.25±9.12), participated in the study. Mcgill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) was used to measure the state of pain. Pain-related functional capacity was evaluated through Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) used to assess fear-avoiding beliefs based on physical activity and the effects of work in chronic low back pain. The Finger Floor Test (FFT)used to assess the flexibility of trunk flexion. Evaluations were performed before and after treatment.&nbsp;Result: Before treatment; the mean of MPQ was 50,55±6,03, the mean of FFT was 5,5±2,35 cm, the mean of RMDQ was 14,9±2,38, the mean of FABQ was 50,7±5,68. After treatment; the mean of MPQ was 23,45±5,35, the mean of FFT was 2,45±0,89 cm, the mean of RMDQ was 6,95±1,70, the mean of FABQ was 22,5±5,73. The results were statistically significant difference between before and after assesment scores (p&lt;0,05).Conclusion: Vitamin D, C, E and zinc have been found to be effective in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain.</p

PHENOTYPIC, HORMONAL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF 5-ALPHA REDUCTASE TYPE 2 DEFICIENCY PATIENTS: A MULTICENTER STUDY FROM TURKEY

WOS: 000412595405268

Potential effects of L-NAME on alcohol-induced oxidative stress

AIM: Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly reactive oxidant synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NO may cause injury through the generation of potent radicals. Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) is a non-selective inhibitor of NOS. We aimed to evaluate whether L-NAME treatment had protective effects against oxidative stress in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol during a 4 wk-period

Rare childhood tumors in a Turkish pediatric oncology center

Background: It has been estimated that rare tumor rate is about 15% of all childhood cancer in United States. According to Turkish Pediatric Oncology Group (TPOG) datas, 8889 children were diagnosed between 2002 and 2008 in our country and 3.7% of them were diagnosed as rare tumors. Aim: To investigate the frequency and clinical features of rare tumors in our pediatric oncology center. Materials and Methods: A total of 43 cases that have diagnosed as rare tumor in 574 cancer patients between the yaer 2002 and 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. All cases definitive diagnosis were established by histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. Results: Frequency of rare tumors was 7.4% in our center. Benign and border line rare tumors were 27 (62.7%) cases, malignant rare tumor were 16 (37.2%) cases. Median follow-up period was 48 months (between 1 and 110 months). Six of the malignant rare tumors were died with progressive disease (synovial sarcoma, mixed malignant mesenchymal tumor, undifferentiated sarcoma, plexus choroideus carcinoma, renal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor, adrenocortical carcinoma). Malignant rare tumor mortality rate was found 37.5% in our clinic. Conclusion: We have found that our rare tumor rate (7.4%) was higher than Turkish rare tumor rate (3.7%) according to TPOG's datas. However, it was still lower than rare tumor rates of western countries (15%), probably due to difficulties of diagnosis and referral problems

Oxidative stress in portal hypertension-induced rats with particular emphasis on nitric oxide and trace metals

AIM: To investigate the oxidative-stress-related changes in rats with portal hypertension with particular emphasis on nitric oxide (NO) and trace metals

Health-related quality of life and perceived health status of Turkish population

Purpose; This study was conducted to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and perceived health status of the Turkish population