125 research outputs found
Supporting Managerial Decision-Making for Federated Machine Learning: Design of a Technology Selection Tool
A Pathway for the Practical Adoption of Federated Machine Learning Projects
Big data forms the fundamental basis for the success of Machine Learning. Yet, a large amount of the world’s digitized data is locked up in data silos, leaving its potential untapped. Federated Machine Learning is a novel Machine Learning paradigm with the potential to overcome data silos by enabling the decentralized training of Machine Learning models through a model-to-data approach. Despite its potential advantages, most Federated Machine Learning projects fail to actualize due to their decentralized structure and incomprehensive interrelations. Current literature lacks clear guidelines on which steps need to be performed to successfully implement Federated Machine Learning projects. This study aims to close this research gap. Through a design science research approach, we provide three distinct activity models which outline required tasks in the development of Federated Machine Learning systems. Thereby, we aim to reduce complexity and ease the implementation process by guiding practitioners through the project life cycle
Revealing the Impacting Factors for the Adoption of Federated Machine Learning in Organizations
Plumes in stellar convection zones
All numerical simulations of compressible convection reveal the presence of
strong downwards directed flows. Thanks to helioseismology, such plumes have
now been detected also at the top of the solar convection zone, on super-
granular scales. Their properties may be crudely described by adopting Taylor's
turbulent entrainment hypothesis, whose validity is well established under
various conditions. Using this model, one finds that the strong density
stratification does not prevent the plumes from traversing the whole convection
zone, and that they carry upwards a net energy flux (Rieutord & Zahn 1995).
They penetrate to some extent in the adjacent stable region, where they
establish a nearly adiabatic stratification. These plumes have a strong impact
on the dynamics of stellar convection zones, and they play probably a key role
in the dynamo mechanism.Comment: Proceedings of the 14th Florida Workshop in Nonlinear Astronomy and
Physics, "Astrophysical Turbulence and Convection", Eds. J.R. Buchler and H.
Kandrup, to appear in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (15
pages, 3 figures
Systematic feature evaluation for gene name recognition
In task 1A of the BioCreAtIvE evaluation, systems had to be devised that recognize words and phrases forming gene or protein names in natural language sentences. We approach this problem by building a word classification system based on a sliding window approach with a Support Vector Machine, combined with a pattern-based post-processing for the recognition of phrases. The performance of such a system crucially depends on the type of features chosen for consideration by the classification method, such as pre- or postfixes, character n-grams, patterns of capitalization, or classification of preceding or following words. We present a systematic approach to evaluate the performance of different feature sets based on recursive feature elimination, RFE. Based on a systematic reduction of the number of features used by the system, we can quantify the impact of different feature sets on the results of the word classification problem. This helps us to identify descriptive features, to learn about the structure of the problem, and to design systems that are faster and easier to understand. We observe that the SVM is robust to redundant features. RFE improves the performance by 0.7%, compared to using the complete set of attributes. Moreover, a performance that is only 2.3% below this maximum can be obtained using fewer than 5% of the features
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(Metallo)porphyrins for potential materials science applications
The bottom-up approach to replace existing devices by molecular-based systems is a subject that attracts permanently increasing interest. Molecular-based devices offer not only to miniaturize the device further, but also to benefit from advanced functionalities of deposited molecules. Furthermore, the molecules itself can be tailored to allow via their self-assembly the potential fabrication of devices with an application potential, which is still unforeseeable at this time. Herein, we review efforts to use discrete (metallo)porphyrins for the formation of (sub)monolayers by surface-confined polymerization, of monolayers formed by supramolecular recognition and of thin films formed by sublimation techniques. Selected physical properties of these systems are reported as well. The application potential of those ensembles of (metallo)porphyrins in materials science is discussed
Magnetic confinement of the solar tachocline: The oblique dipole
3D MHD global solar simulations coupling the turbulent convective zone and
the radiative zone have been carried out. Essential features of the Sun such as
differential rotation, meridional circulation and internal waves excitation are
recovered. These realistic models are used to test the possibility of having
the solar tachocline confined by a primordial inner magnetic field. We find
that the initially confined magnetic fields we consider open into the
convective envelope. Angular momentum is transported across the two zones by
magnetic torques and stresses, establishing the so-called Ferarro's law of
isorotation. In the parameter space studied, the confinement of the magnetic
field by meridional circulation penetration fails, also implying the failure of
the tachocline confinement by the magnetic field. Three-dimensional convective
motions are proven responsible for the lack of magnetic field confinement.
Those results are robust for the different magnetic field topologies
considered, i.e. aligned or oblique dipole.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
The Orphan Adhesion-GPCR GPR126 Is Required for Embryonic Development in the Mouse
Adhesion-GPCRs provide essential cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in development, and have been implicated in inherited human diseases like Usher Syndrome and bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria. They are the second largest subfamily of seven-transmembrane spanning proteins in vertebrates, but the function of most of these receptors is still not understood. The orphan Adhesion-GPCR GPR126 has recently been shown to play an essential role in the myelination of peripheral nerves in zebrafish. In parallel, whole-genome association studies have implicated variation at the GPR126 locus as a determinant of body height in the human population. The physiological function of GPR126 in mammals is still unknown. We describe a targeted mutation of GPR126 in the mouse, and show that GPR126 is required for embryonic viability and cardiovascular development
(Metallo)porphyrins for potential materials science applications
The bottom-up approach to replace existing devices by molecular-based systems is a subject that attracts permanently increasing interest. Molecular-based devices offer not only to miniaturize the device further, but also to benefit from advanced functionalities of deposited molecules. Furthermore, the molecules itself can be tailored to allow via their self-assembly the potential fabrication of devices with an application potential, which is still unforeseeable at this time. Herein, we review efforts to use discrete (metallo)porphyrins for the formation of (sub)monolayers by surface-confined polymerization, of monolayers formed by supramolecular recognition and of thin films formed by sublimation techniques. Selected physical properties of these systems are reported as well. The application potential of those ensembles of (metallo)porphyrins in materials science is discussed
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