DESAIN DIDAKTIS KONSEP HUKUM KEKEKALAN ENERGI MEKANIK BERDASARKAN KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS

Didalam pembelajaran yang berhasil maupun yang tidak, pasti ada kesulitan belajar yang dialami siswa (Brousseau, 1997). Salah satu faktornya adalah konten dan konteks pembelajaran yang dibuat secara umum tanpa memperhatikan karakteristik siswa. Akibatnya siswa akan mengalami kesulitan memahami konteks dan konten suatu konsep mata pelajaran. Pada konsep energi, energi merupakan materi fisika yang sangat penting dan yang menjadi esensi pada materi energi adalah hukum kekekalan energi. Tujuan penelitian yang akan dilakukan adalah: (1) Mengetahui kesulitan siswa dalam penyelesaian masalah hukum kekekalan energi mekanik. (2) Mengetahui bentuk desain didaktis yang dapat mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilakukan karena terdapat manfaat dari segi teori, kebijakan, praktik, dan isu serta aksi sosial. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian disain diaktis/ Design Didactic Research (DDR). Penelitian disain didaktis (DDR) merupakan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bagaimana pembelajaran yang dapat sesuai dengan situasi didaktis. Menurut Suryadi (2010), terdapat tiga tahapan DDR, yaitu (1) Prospective Analysis (2) Metapedadidactic Analysis (3) Retrospective Analysis. Ditemukan bahwa kategori kesulitan belajar siswa dengan jenis kesulitan belajar epistemologi terdapat 8 buah ketika identifikasi kesulitan belajar dan menjadi 10 buah ketika sesudah iplementasi desain didaktis. Desain didaktis yang dibuat ternyata dapat mengurangi kesulitan belajar siswa dan disain didaktis awal akan direvisi guna lebih mengurangi kesulitan belajar siswa dan diharapkan dapat teratasi kesulitan belajarnya. Successful in learning or not, there must be learning obstacles experienced by students (Brousseau, 1997). One of the factor is the content and context of learning in general made without looking at the characteristics of the students. As a result, students will have difficulty to understanding the context and content of a concept of subjects. On the concept of energy, energy is very important to learn and then the essence of the energy is energy conservation laws. The purpose of research that will be conducted are: (1) Determine the student`s learning obstacles in solving the law of conservation of mechanical energy. (2) Determine the form of didactic design can overcome student learning obstacles. Implementation of this research will get benefits, in terms of theories, policies, practices, and issues on our social. This research method is Design Didactic Research (DDR). DDR is a research that have aims to get how learning can be according to the didactic situation. According Suryadi (2010), there are three stages of DDR, namely (1) Prospective Analysis (2) Metapedadidactic Analysis (3) Retrospective Analysis. From the data, the category of first students`s learning obstacle are 8 types. On conclusion, the researcher get 10 types from implementation of didactic design dan revision didactic design. Didactic design is made it can reduce students 'learning difficulties and early didactic design will be revised in order to further reduce students' learning difficulties and is expected to overcome learning difficulties

Labour Market Effects of Trade Liberalisation: The Case of Mauritius

This article uses a partial equilibrium approach to measure the impact of trade liberalisation on the demand elasticity of labour in the apparel industry in Mauritius, a sector where, in general, those in the work force are poor. The findings reveal that there is no evidence that trade liberalisation has increased the overall labour demand elasticity with respect to wages, though it has increased the demand elasticity for female workers. We further examine the relationship between trade liberalisation measures and characteristics of poor households and find that the overall results are mixed and inconclusive, probably due to the high level of data aggregation. Keywords: trade liberalisation, poverty alleviationtrade liberalisation, poverty alleviation, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Financial Economics, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Political Economy,

UNDERSTANDING THE EVOLUTION OF PATHOGENICITY WITHIN GEOSMITHIA

Geosmithia morbida is a filamentous ascomycete that causes thousand cankers disease in the eastern black walnut tree. This pathogen is commonly found in the western US; however, recently the disease was also detected in several eastern states where the black walnut lumber industry is concentrated. G. morbida is one of two known phytopathogens within the genus Geosmithia, and it is vectored into the host tree via the walnut twig beetle. We present the first de novo draft genome of G. morbida (Chapter 2). It is 26.5 Mbp in length and contains less than 1% repetitive elements. The genome possesses an estimated 6,273 genes, 277 of which are predicted to encode proteins with unknown functions. Approximately 31.5% of the proteins in G. morbida are homologous to proteins involved in pathogenicity, and 5.6% of the proteins contain signal peptides that indicate these proteins are secreted. Additionally, the genomes of Geosmithia flava and Geosmithia putterillii were assembled and compared with G. morbida (Chapter 3). The G. flava assembly composed of 1,819 scaffolds totaling in 29.47 Mbp in length, and G. putterillii genome contained 320 scaffolds consisting of 29.99 Mbp. Our results showed that all three Geosmithia species possess similar number of carbohydrate binding enzymes and proteases. We also constructed a Bayesian phylogeny that illustrates the evolutionary relationships between Geosmithia and other fungal species. Our phylogeny is consistent with topologies from previous studies. Lastly, we identified genes under positive selection in G. morbida that could potentially contribute to pathogenicity. Our results showed 38 genes under selection in G. morbida; none of which were under selection in G. clavigera. These findings indicate that species-specific mechanisms might be the driving force behind the evolution of pathogenicity in both of these beetle-vectored fungal pathogens

Pelatihan Manajemen Konten Digital di SMK Negeri 1 Karimunjawa

Konten digital yang berisikan tentang pariwisata di Kepulauan Karimunjawa sudah banyak ditemukan di berbagai platform media digital, khususnya media sosial, namun dari banyak konten tersebut belum banyak yang diproduksi oleh komunitas lokal yang berada di Karimunjawa itu sendiri. SMK Negeri 1 Karimunjawa memiliki empat program keahlian yang berkaitan dengan pariwisata. Kegiatan pelatihan manajemen konten digital di SMK Negeri 1 Karimunjawa ini bertujuan untuk memberi pemahaman kepada peserta pelatihan tentang pentingnya perencanaan konten digital, serta memberi pelatihan teknis manajemen konten digital menggunakan aplikasi YouTube Studio untuk optimalisasi konten-konten digital yang sudah dan akan diproduksi. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dimulai dengan menghubungi SMK Negeri 1 Karimunjawa sebagai mitra pelatihan, dan mendiskusikan permasalahan dan solusi yang bisa ditawarkan kepada mitra. Selanjutnya kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan di SMK Negeri 1 Karimunjawa setelah disepakati waktu pelaksanaan pelatihan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan perwakilan siswa-siswi di SMK Negari 1 Karimunjawa yang telah dipilih oleh pihak sekolah. Hasil yang didapat dari pelatihan ini adalah para siswa-siswi yang mengikuti pelatihan memiliki pengetahuan dan kemampuan untuk merencanakan dang mengelola konten digital di media sosial,hasil dari pelatihan ini adalah siswa-siswi SMK Negeri 1 karimunjawa memiliki kemampuan teknis untuk mengelola konten digital yang berkaitan dengan Karimunjawa

Population and Oral Hygiene (World Population Day Editorial Comment)

World Population Day Editorial Comment by Dr. Taruna Malhotra, Forensic Editor, IHR

A retrospective analysis of the outcomes in visual acuity and keratometry readings after corneal collagen crosslinking in keratoconus

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, in the fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in Ophthalmology. Johannesburg, February 2017Purpose: To evaluate if corneal collagen crosslinking carried out on patients with keratoconus, slows down or halts the progression of keratoconus. To determine which group of keratoconus patients benefited most from the procedure. Methods: A retrospective record review of 41 eyes of 29 patients. Visual acuity and keratometry measurements were recorded for the involved eye pre-crosslinking and at 3 months and 6 months post-crosslinking. A comparison of these variables pre-crosslinking and at 6 months post-crosslinking was made to determine if there was a flattening of corneal curvature (keratometry readings) and an improvement in visual acuity. Patients were further divided into 3 groups of keratoconus, based on their keratometry readings (measured in diopters): mild keratoconus (≤47 diopters), moderate keratoconus (48 – 54 diopters) and advanced keratoconus (≥55 diopters), to determine which group of keratoconus had the best keratometry reduction readings. Results: After crosslinking took place on 41 eyes, the UnVA of 16(39%) eyes showed an improvement at 6 months, 17(41%) eyes showed no change and 8(20%) eyes showed a decrease in UnVA at 6 months, compared to pre-CXL values. For BCVA, 12(29%) eyes showed an improvement at 6 months, 18(44%) eyes showed no change and 11(27%) eyes showed a decrease in BCVA at 6 months, compared to pre-CXL values. Keratometry readings however showed that 23(56%) eyes had an average flattening of corneal curvature readings of 0.7 D and the remaining 18(44%) eyes showed more steepening (worsening) of the corneal curvature readings of 0.9 D after 6 months post-CXL. 30(73%) eyes had mild keratoconus, 7(17%) had moderate keratoconus and 4(10%) had advanced keratoconus. 19 of the 30 eyes in the mild keratoconus group (73%) showed an average flattening of corneal curvature of 0.6 D. 4 of the 7 eyes in the moderate keratoconus group (17%) showed an average flattening of corneal curvature of 0.7 D. All 4 patients in the advanced group (10%) had steepening (worsening) of their corneal curvatures with an average of 1.2 D. Conclusion: Corneal collagen crosslinking performed on keratoconus patients at least halts the progress of keratoconus. 6 months after CXL most patients showed minimal change from pre-CXL to 6 months in both visual acuity and keratometry. However a longer follow up period and larger sample size is needed to determine if vision and keratometry readings can improve significantly.MT201

Bionanomedicine: A “Panacea” In Medicine?

Recent advances in nanotechnology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, and materials science have prompted novel developments in the field of nanomedicine. Enhancements in the theranostics, computational information, and management of diseases/disorders are desperately required. It may now be conceivable to accomplish checked improvements in both of these areas utilising nanomedicine. This scientific and concise review concentrates on the fundamentals and potential of nanomedicine, particularly nanoparticles and their advantages, nanoparticles for siRNA conveyance, nanopores, nanodots, nanotheragnostics, nanodrugs and targeting mechanisms, and aptamer nanomedicine. The combination of various scientific fields is quickening these improvements, and these interdisciplinary endeavours to have significant progressively outstretching influences on different fields of research. The capacities of nanomedicine are immense, and nanotechnology could give medicine a completely new standpoint

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Pomegranate and Their Antimicrobial Activity-A Revolution

The Pomegranate, punica granatum belongs to the family lythraceae is an ancient fruit. The present study has attempted to analyze the work done by different researchers on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their characterization by different techniques like UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnling electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction method (XRD). The antimicrobial activity were also analyzed in the present paper