Convivência saudável, relacionamento interpessoal de professores, alunos e famílias: oficina realizada por rondonistas no município de Irituia no Pará

Trabalho apresentado no II Congresso Nacional do PROJETO RONDON, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 23 a 25 de setembro de 2015 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.A relação interpessoal é a aptidão através da qual o ser humano se relaciona bem com as outras pessoas e compreender as intenções, as motivações, e os desejos alheios. A oficina, uma atividade de extensão realizada no auditório da Secretaria de Educação no município de Irituia no interior do Pará, foi manejada por estudantes dos cursos de Pedagogia, Direito, Educação Física, Serviço Social, Medicina e Enfermagem, coordenados por professores responsáveis pelo grupo de rondonistas. A atividade que foi solicitada pela Secretária de Educação do referido município durante a Viagem Precursora, para ser realizada com professores, e familiares dos alunos das escolas de ensino fundamental e médio, para orientar e desenvolver práticas de convivência saudável e relacionamento interpessoal entre professores, alunos e seus familiares. Os objetivos visados foram avaliar como se dá as relações interpessoais entre os alunos, professores e familiares em escolas do ensino fundamental e médio em um município do interior do Pará, além de fortalecer a relação interpessoal e a participação dos pais nos eventos da escola e na vida escolar dos filhos. Os encontros aconteceram três vezes por semana nos períodos da manhã e tardes. Foram desenvolvidas dinâmicas de grupos com temas relacionados ao assunto proposto e com intuito de promover uma interação entre os participantes, em seguida eram divididos em subgrupos para realização de atividades pedagógicas previamente elaboradas pelos estudantes envolvidos, além de confecção de brinquedos educativos com materiais reciclados para facilitar o aprendizado dos alunos. Essa atividade foi desenvolvida no mês de julho de 2013

PENGELOLAAN KECEMASAN PADA IBU PRIMIGRAVIDA TRIMESTER III DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEREP KABUPATEN SEMARANG

Kecemasan pada ibu primigravida terutama trimester III diantaranya akibat adaptasi terhadap perubahan tubuhnya, persepsi persalinan yang menghasilkan rasa sakit dan risiko pada status kesehatan semakin meningkat sampai persalinan tiba. Kecemasan ibu primigravida dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 terkait dengan rencana kehamilan dan meningkatkan kecemasan sebagian besar ibu primigravida sehingga mengkhawatirkan tentang dampak virus corona terhadap kelahiran bayi, sebagian besar khawatir takut terinfeksi Covid-19 dan tidak dapat memeluk ataupun menyusui bayinya.Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengelolaan kecemasan pada ibu primigravida trimester III di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lerep Kabupaten Semarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Pengelolaan kecemasan dilakukan selama 3 hari pada primigravida TM III. teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tehnik wawancara, pemeriksanaan fisik, observasi dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Hasil pengolahan data didapatkan cemas dan gelisah sudah berkurang, pola berkemih sudah membaik serta dan sudah siap untuk menghadapi persalinan. Diharapkan dapat memberikan promosi kesehatan tentang kesiapan persalinan di masa pandemic COVID-19 bagi primigravida trimester III dengan memberikan edukasi secara intensif, terstruktur dan berkesinambungan dengan metode pendidikan kesehatan sehingga pasien mengerti bahwa kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan dapat dikendalika

Intraspecies Polymorphisms in the Lipophosphoglycan of L. braziliensis Differentially Modulate Macrophage Activation via TLR4

International audienceLipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major Leishmania surface glycoconjugate having importance during the host-parasite interface. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis displays a spectrum of clinical forms including: typical cutaneous leishmaniasis (TL), mucocutaneous (ML), and atypical lesions (AL). Those variations in the immunopathology may be a result of intraspecies polymorphisms in the parasite's virulence factors. In this context, we evaluated the role of LPG of strains originated from patients with different clinical manifestations and the sandfly vector. Six isolates of L. braziliensis were used: M2903, RR051 and RR418 (TL), RR410 (AL), M15991 (ML), and M8401 (vector). LPGs were extracted and purified by hydrophobic interaction. Peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 and respective knock-outs (TLR2-/- and TLR-4-/-) were primed with IFN-γ and exposed to different LPGs for nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine production (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α). LPGs differentially activated the production of NO and cytokines via TLR4. In order to ascertain if such functional variations were related to intraspecies polymorphisms in the LPG, the purified glycoconjugates were subjected to western blot with specific LPG antibodies (CA7AE and LT22). Based on antibody reactivity preliminary variations in the repeat units were detected. To confirm these findings, LPGs were depolymerized for purification of repeat units. After thin layer chromatography, intraspecies polymorphisms were confirmed especially in the type and/size of sugars branching-off the repeat units motif. In conclusion, different isolates of L. braziliensis from different clinical forms and hosts possess polymorphisms in their LPGs that functionally affected macrophage responses

Terras e tradições revolvidas: impactos da construção da UHE de Irapé, nas tradições religiosas, culturais e relações de parentesco dos povos compulsoriamente deslocados para Araras

O presente artigo objetiva analisar e discutir algumas repercussões socioculturais, especificamente no que diz respeito às tradições religiosas, culturais, laços de parentesco e identidade coletiva das pessoas realocadas para o assentamento Araras, município de Francisco Sá - MG, decorrentes da construção da Usina Hidrelétrica de Irapé, no Rio Jequitinhonha, entre os municípios de Berilo e Grão Mogol, no Norte de Minas Gerais. O trabalho valeu-se de pesquisas: bibliográfica, exploratória e estudo de caso, com trabalho de campo viabilizado por entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados evidenciaram que no novo lugar, as pessoas experimentaram prejuízo à continuidade de práticas religiosas e comprometimento das tradições culturais e laços de parentesco, além da quebra da identidade coletiva

Uso da Cannabis e seus derivados na doença de Parkinson: Use of Cannabis and its derivatives in parkinson's disease

Introdução:  A doença de Parkinson (DP) é o segundo distúrbio neurodegenerativo mais comum. Afeta principalmente pessoas a partir dos 60 anos de idade. Sua etiologia está associada com fatores genéticos e ambientais. A apresentação clínica da doença é caracterizada por tremores, rigidez, bradicinesia e outros sintomas neuropsiquiátricos. O tratamento da DP é baseado no controle dos sintomas, através de medicações e intervenção cirúrgica em casos selecionados. Alguns anos após do tratamento surgem as complicações da doença, discinesias e as flutuações motoras, uma vez que a degeneração dopaminérgica impossibilita o armazenamento da dopamina derivada da levodopa. O objetivo atual das terapias voltadas para DP é centrado na redução dos sintomas motores. A abordagem com os derivados da cannabis tem mostrado uma ação anti-inflamatória, neuroprotetora e imunomoduladora no sistema nervoso. Objetivos: Identificar a eficácia dos derivados da Cannabis no controle dos sintomas da DP e constatar a sua influência na progressão neurodegenerativa.  Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados pubmed e scielo, sendo selecionados 15 artigos dos anos 2012-2022. Para refinar alguns conceitos foi utilizado também o tratado de Neurologia Merritt 13ª edição e o livro princípios de neurociências 5ª edição. Resultados: Os derivados da cannabis apresentam ação antioxidante, anti-inflamatória e neuromoduladora, evidenciadas por experiências a nível molecular, pois reduz a produção de citocinas inflamatórias. As evidências clínicas são conflitantes, em modelo de animais os derivados da cannabis apresentaram melhora dos sintomas motores nos animais parkinsonizados. Em humanos os resultados revelam melhora dos sintomas não motores, porém os achados dos sintomas motores revelaram-se heterogêneos, alguns estudos apontaram melhora dos sintomas motores, mas em outros o resultado não foi reproduzido.  Conclusão:  Embora os achados sejam animadores com uso de derivados da cannabis, com evidências de atividade neuroprotetora e diminuição dos sintomas da DP. É fundamental mais estudos com uma amostra maior de pacientes. Torna-se imperativo o conhecimento das doses efetivas do cannabidiol (CBD) e do THT, quando estes forem combinados

Variability of HIV-1 Genomes among Children and Adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil

Background: Genetic variability is a major feature of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and considered the key factor to frustrating efforts to halt the virus epidemic. in this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic variability of HIV-1 strains among children and adolescents born from 1992 to 2009 in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.Methodology: Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 51 HIV-1-positive children and adolescents on ART followed between September 1992 and July 2009. After extraction, the genetic materials were used in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the viral near full length genomes (NFLGs) from 5 overlapped fragments. NFLGs and partial amplicons were directly sequenced and data were phylogenetically inferred.Results: of the 51 samples studied, the NFLGs and partial fragments of HIV-1 from 42 PBMCs and 25 plasma were successfully subtyped. Results based on proviral DNA revealed that 22 (52.4%) patients were infected with subtype B, 16 (38.1%) were infected with BF1 mosaic variants and 4 (9.5%) were infected with sub-subtype F1. All the BF1 recombinants were unique and distinct from any previously identified unique or circulating recombinant forms in South America. Evidence of dual infections was detected in 3 patients coinfected with the same or distinct HIV-1 subtypes. Ten of the 31 (32.2%) and 12 of the 21 (57.1%) subjects with recovered proviral and plasma, respectively, protease sequences were infected with major mutants resistant to protease inhibitors. the V3 sequences of 14 patients with available sequences from PBMC/or plasma were predicted to be R5-tropic virus except for two patients who harbored an X4 strain.Conclusions: the high proportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant, coinfection rate and vertical transmission in Brazil merits urgent attention and effective measures to reduce the transmission of HIV among spouses and sex partners.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)National Institutes of HealthUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Clin & Res Lab LIM 03, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Trop Med, Virol Lab LIM HCFMUSP 52, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Florida, Miller Sch Med, Story Lab 2, Miami, FL USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Dept Pediat, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Expt Med, San Francisco, CA USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Dept Pediat, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2011/09983-1FAPESP: 2009/540055-5FAPESP: 2009/52381-2FAPESP: 2010/05845-0 2004/15856-9FAPESP: 2006/50096-0CAPES: 2571/2009National Institutes of Health: R01 AI060379Web of Scienc

Predicting the Proteins of Angomonas deanei, Strigomonas culicis and Their Respective Endosymbionts Reveals New Aspects of the Trypanosomatidae Family

Endosymbiont-bearing trypanosomatids have been considered excellent models for the study of cell evolution because the host protozoan co-evolves with an intracellular bacterium in a mutualistic relationship. Such protozoa inhabit a single invertebrate host during their entire life cycle and exhibit special characteristics that group them in a particular phylogenetic cluster of the Trypanosomatidae family, thus classified as monoxenics. in an effort to better understand such symbiotic association, we used DNA pyrosequencing and a reference-guided assembly to generate reads that predicted 16,960 and 12,162 open reading frames (ORFs) in two symbiont-bearing trypanosomatids, Angomonas deanei (previously named as Crithidia deanei) and Strigomonas culicis (first known as Blastocrithidia culicis), respectively. Identification of each ORF was based primarily on TriTrypDB using tblastn, and each ORF was confirmed by employing getorf from EMBOSS and Newbler 2.6 when necessary. the monoxenic organisms revealed conserved housekeeping functions when compared to other trypanosomatids, especially compared with Leishmania major. However, major differences were found in ORFs corresponding to the cytoskeleton, the kinetoplast, and the paraflagellar structure. the monoxenic organisms also contain a large number of genes for cytosolic calpain-like and surface gp63 metalloproteases and a reduced number of compartmentalized cysteine proteases in comparison to other TriTryp organisms, reflecting adaptations to the presence of the symbiont. the assembled bacterial endosymbiont sequences exhibit a high A+T content with a total of 787 and 769 ORFs for the Angomonas deanei and Strigomonas culicis endosymbionts, respectively, and indicate that these organisms hold a common ancestor related to the Alcaligenaceae family. Importantly, both symbionts contain enzymes that complement essential host cell biosynthetic pathways, such as those for amino acid, lipid and purine/pyrimidine metabolism. These findings increase our understanding of the intricate symbiotic relationship between the bacterium and the trypanosomatid host and provide clues to better understand eukaryotic cell evolution.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)ERC AdG SISYPHEUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, Lab Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, BR-21941 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, Lab Metab Macromol Firmino Torres de Castro, BR-21941 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLab Bioinformat, Lab Nacl Computacao Cient, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilINRIA Grenoble Rhone Alpes, BAMBOO Team, Villeurbanne, FranceUniv Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Lab Biometrie & Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Genet Evolucao & Bioagentes, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut Ribeirao Preto, Dept Ciencias Farmaceut, São Paulo, BrazilLab Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Bioetano, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bioquim & Imunol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Inst Ciencias Biol, Mol Biol Lab, Goiania, Go, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Carlos Chagas, Lab Biol Mol Tripanossomatideos, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Carlos Chagas, Lab Genom Func, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Ctr Pluridisciplinar Pesquisas Quim Biol & Agr, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Parasitol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Lab Protozool & Bioinformat, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilUniv Fed Vicosa, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, Vicosa, MG, BrazilInst Butantan, Lab Especial Ciclo Celular, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Biol, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Comparative Genomic Analysis of Human Fungal Pathogens Causing Paracoccidioidomycosis

Paracoccidioides is a fungal pathogen and the cause of paracoccidioidomycosis, a health-threatening human systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America. Infection by Paracoccidioides, a dimorphic fungus in the order Onygenales, is coupled with a thermally regulated transition from a soil-dwelling filamentous form to a yeast-like pathogenic form. To better understand the genetic basis of growth and pathogenicity in Paracoccidioides, we sequenced the genomes of two strains of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Pb03 and Pb18) and one strain of Paracoccidioides lutzii (Pb01). These genomes range in size from 29.1 Mb to 32.9 Mb and encode 7,610 to 8,130 genes. To enable genetic studies, we mapped 94% of the P. brasiliensis Pb18 assembly onto five chromosomes. We characterized gene family content across Onygenales and related fungi, and within Paracoccidioides we found expansions of the fungal-specific kinase family FunK1. Additionally, the Onygenales have lost many genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and fewer genes involved in protein metabolism, resulting in a higher ratio of proteases to carbohydrate active enzymes in the Onygenales than their relatives. To determine if gene content correlated with growth on different substrates, we screened the non-pathogenic onygenale Uncinocarpus reesii, which has orthologs for 91% of Paracoccidioides metabolic genes, for growth on 190 carbon sources. U. reesii showed growth on a limited range of carbohydrates, primarily basic plant sugars and cell wall components; this suggests that Onygenales, including dimorphic fungi, can degrade cellulosic plant material in the soil. In addition, U. reesii grew on gelatin and a wide range of dipeptides and amino acids, indicating a preference for proteinaceous growth substrates over carbohydrates, which may enable these fungi to also degrade animal biomass. These capabilities for degrading plant and animal substrates suggest a duality in lifestyle that could enable pathogenic species of Onygenales to transfer from soil to animal hosts.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.)National Institutes of Health. Department of Health and Human Services (contract HHSN266200400001C)National Institutes of Health. Department of Health and Human Services(contract HHSN2722009000018C)Brazil. National Council for Scientific and Technological Developmen

Rare genetic variants involved in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a multicenter Brazilian cohort study

IntroductionDespite the existing data on the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), the factors that determine these patients evolution remain elusive. Answers may lie, at least in part, in genetics. It is currently under investigation that MIS-C patients may have an underlying innate error of immunity (IEI), whether of monogenic, digenic, or even oligogenic origin.MethodsTo further investigate this hypothesis, 30 patients with MIS-C were submitted to whole exome sequencing. ResultsAnalyses of genes associated with MIS-C, MIS-A, severe covid-19, and Kawasaki disease identified twenty-nine patients with rare potentially damaging variants (50 variants were identified in 38 different genes), including those previously described in IFNA21 and IFIH1 genes, new variants in genes previously described in MIS-C patients (KMT2D, CFB, and PRF1), and variants in genes newly associated to MIS-C such as APOL1, TNFRSF13B, and G6PD. In addition, gene ontology enrichment pointed to the involvement of thirteen major pathways, including complement system, hematopoiesis, immune system development, and type II interferon signaling, that were not yet reported in MIS-C.DiscussionThese data strongly indicate that different gene families may favor MIS- C development. Larger cohort studies with healthy controls and other omics approaches, such as proteomics and RNAseq, will be precious to better understanding the disease dynamics