Study of machine parameters in twin-screw extruder for pulses based extrudate

Legumes are prime source of plant proteins, calories and other nutrients. Extrusion cooking of legumes increases the digestibility of legume protein. Extrusion technology has been applied to generate analogues of foods made from animal products, as well as snacks using blends of various plant raw materials e.g. oil seeds [soybeans, peanut with a cereal flour]. Present work was under taken for producing extruded product from pigeon pea. The legumes viz. pigeon pea and Bengal gram were cleaned and ground to required particle size by multipurpose grinder mill to pass through sieve ASTM No. 20. The moisture content of sample was adjusted to 14% moisture level (w.b.). Before extrusion, the feed was allowed to come to ambient temperature and then remixed, after checking its moisture content. The twin-screw food extruder was used and then different extrudates were prepared using feed rate and feed moisture. The effect in incorporation of dehulled pigeon pea product character tics was studied. The bulk density and tapping density of pigeon pea flour was found to be 0.4809×10-3 g/mm3 and 0.719×10-3 g/mm3 respectively. Then the moisture content of pigeon pea flour was calculated and found to be 9.08% (w.b.) and different sample were prepared of 14% and 20% (w.b.). Now the thousand kernels was determined and found to be at average of 30.778. The dimension were taken on the basis of length, width, and thickness and calculated at the average of 4.47 mm, 4.221 mm, and 1.82 mm

Quinary Prevention and Lower Segment Cesarean Section

Lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) is a safe mode of delivery and has definite indications. However, at times, patients do not accept the advice to undergo elective or emergency LSCS, as appropriate. This leads to avoidable complications and cost. This communication discusses the style and salient features of counseling patients to understand and accept LSCS, as part of informed consent-taking. This discussion is geared towards obstetric care providers who encounter LSCS hesitancy in spite of having explained the indication(s) for surgery

MANAGEMENT OF URINARY CALCULUS WITH HERBAL PREPARATION (MORINGA OLEIFERA AND TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS)

Urinary stones are a common disease that remains a significant health problem. It carries significant morbidity and imposes tremendous financial burden on healthcare system. Urolithiasis affects up to 5% of the population, with a recurrence rate of 50 to 80%. Males are more frequently affected than the females. Management includes both medicinal and surgical treatment which depends on size, type and location of stone. Larger stones which fail to pass through urinary system, needs treated by surgical interventional such as Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), Ureteroscopy, and Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy etc. For prevention and recurrence of stone, many herbal medicines have been used traditionally which are believed to cause the disintegration, dissolution and dislodgement and expulsion of urinary stones. In Ayurveda, there are references and comprehensive description of various herbal drugs regarding their anti-lithaitic properties. Role of Moringa oleifera (Shigru mool) and Tribulus terrestris (Gokshura phala) has been highly mentioned. In the present study, a total of 30 patients of Urolithiasis (Mutrashmari) with stone size up to 12mm were selected and all patients were randomly assigned to receive the designed herbal treatment i.e., decoction of Moringa oleifera and Tribulus terrestris for a maximum of 60 days. The study concluded that the herbal formulation is found significant in improving the symptoms of Urolithiasis in all patients and stones in 11 patients were also expelled out

Ecobiology of coal mines and spoils

Coal is an important non-renewable source of energy, which is being constantly used by mankind for various purposes. Coal mining activities affect the surrounding ecosystem by contaminating it with traces of toxic metals, which may accumulate and affect the diversity and abundance of biological communities. A number of microorganisms, such as, filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria are known to degrade coal by their enzymatic action and use it as the sole source of carbon. In addition, the indoor environments of coal mines possess bioaerosols, which may include living or dead allergens, pathogenic or non-pathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses, mycotoxins, bacterial endotoxins, peptidoglycans, etc., that may cause skin, respiratory tract and other health problems. This article throws light on the impact of coal mining on the surrounding ecosystem, degradation of coal by the microbial inhabitants and their effects on the health of miners

Animal Representation in Advertising – A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Indian and Global Trends

Advertising is a powerful tool that shapes consumer behavior, influences public perception, and reflects societal values. Animals have been a common motif in advertising campaigns for decades, playing various roles from mascots to symbols of different brands and products. However, the use of animals in advertising raises ethical questions and concerns about the treatment and portrayal of animals. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive comparative analysis of the use of animals in advertising, focusing on Indian and global trends. It explores the historical context, ethical considerations, legal regulations, cultural influences, and recent shifts in the use of animals in advertising. The analysis offers insights into the evolving relationship between animals and advertising in India and its alignment with or deviation from global practices

Analysis of Distance Measures in Content based Image Retrieval

Content predicated image retrieval (CBIR) provides an efficacious way to probe the images from the databases. The feature extraction and homogeneous attribute measures are the two key parameters for retrieval performance. A homogeneous attribute measure plays a paramount role in image retrieval. This paper compares six different distance metrics such as Euclidean, Manhattan, Canberra, Bray-Curtis, Square chord, Square chi-squared distances to find the best kindred attribute measure for image retrieval. Utilizing pyramid structured wavelet decomposition, energy levels are calculated. These energy levels are compared by calculating distance between query image and database images utilizing above mentioned seven different kindred attribute metrics. A sizably voluminous image database from Brodatz album is utilized for retrieval purport. Experimental results shows the preponderating of Canberra, Bray-Curtis, Square chord, and Square Chi-squared distances over the conventional Euclidean and Manhattan distances

Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Plantation Workers in Kerala, India

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is one of the major occupational health problems worldwide. Musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) can indicate an underlying MSD. This paper assesses the prevalence of MSS among different plantation workers in Kerala, India. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to February 2021 among 83 rubber tappers, 90 cardamom plantation workers, and 87 tea pluckers (N=260). The Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) was used to capture the MSS. MSS was compared across the three types of plantation workers, and the Chi-square test was used to test the significance. The Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were estimated using binary logistic regression analysis.  Results: The prevalence of MSS (any regions) in the last 12 months among all participants was 87.7% and did not significantly vary between the three groups of workers. In general, the most affected regions were the low back (61%), one or both knees (47%) and shoulders (44%), respectively. Compared to rubber tappers, the odds of MSS in hips/ thighs (adjusted OR=2.38: 95% CI: 1.17-4.84) and wrists (adjusted OR=3.77: 95% CI:1.85-7.69) were significantly high among cardamom plantation workers. But the odds of MSS in elbows (adjusted OR=0.58: 95% CI: 0.31-1.07) and knees (adjusted OR=0.26:95% CI: 0.10-0.63) were low in the tea plantation workers as compared to rubber tappers. Conclusion: Though there was no variation in the overall prevalence of MSS between the three groups, there was a significant variation between the groups regarding the MSS in different body regions. Using supportive aids according to the nature of work and doing simple stretching exercises during breaks may help to improve the musculoskeletal health of plantation workers

ROLE OF JALAUKAVACHARANA IN NETRA ROGA

Raktamokshana (bloodletting) is a parasurgical procedure directed for the treatment of Raktajaroga (blood-borne diseases) along with many surgical diseases. Method of removing vitiated blood from body using Jalauka is considered as the most easier and convenient method. It is considered as most unique and most effective method of bloodletting. It is safely indicated in all mankind including the patients having poor threshold to pain. Application of leech mitigates diseases in eyes.Jalukavacharana has the property to subside immediately the pain, swelling, burning sensation and redness. Now days environment is being highly polluted, due to which there is increased chances of infections in the eyes. Prevalance of eye diseases is very high but medical science have limited number of drugs. Mast cell stabilizers, NSAIDs and topical corticosteroids are the treatment options, but only symptomatic relief is the outcome. There is no curative treatment but only palliative treatment. On the other hand, drug sensitivity, increasing resistance, preservative-induced dry eye as well as the complications of the corticosteroids, for example, cataract, glaucoma, and increased risk of bacterial and fungal infections restrict the long-term use of these medicines. In view of magnitude of problem, the discomfort it causes to the patient and the cost of treatment, there is a need of develop of a treatment which is free of side effects, cheaper and has a significant effect in relieving the symptoms of the patient

Infrared image identification method of substation equipment fault under weak supervision

This study presents a weakly supervised method for identifying faults in infrared images of substation equipment. It utilizes the Faster RCNN model for equipment identification, enhancing detection accuracy through modifications to the model's network structure and parameters. The method is exemplified through the analysis of infrared images captured by inspection robots at substations. Performance is validated against manually marked results, demonstrating that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances the accuracy of fault identification across various equipment types