Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Sarcopenic Obesity: A Troublesome Trio in Type 2 Diabetes

LETTER TO EDITO

DRS-WCPD: 11th World Congress on Prevention of Diabetes and Its Complications

Conference Proceeding

Detecting Intra-abdominal Adhesions in Women with Repeated Cesarean Sections

EDITORIA

Prevalence and Metabolic Predictors of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Lean Indian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome versus Those with Obesity

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), linked to obesity and insulin resistance (IR),is common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but its prevalence in lean individuals with PCOS is not well-established.Hence, the aim of the present study is to investigate the prevalence and predictors of MASLD in lean PCOS patients versusthose with obesity. Materials and methods: Fifty premenopausal participants diagnosed with PCOS were divided into twogroups based on their body mass index (BMI): Group A (lean + normal weight, n = 21) and Group B (overweight + obesity,n = 29). Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables were assessed, including IR, lipid profiles, and hormonallevels. The prevalence of MASLD was determined using ultrasonography (USG). Statistical analysis: Mean ± SD (standarddeviation) was used for time-varying variables, and percentages for categorical variables. Univariate analysis includedChi-square and independent t-tests (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression assessed MASLD occurrence in PCOS subjects.Analysis was conducted using Stata software version 14 IC. Results: The overall prevalence of MASLD was 40%, with asignificantly higher proportion in Group B compared to Group A (62.06% vs. 9.50%; p < 0.001). IR was also more commonin Group B (79.30% vs. 23.80%; p < 0.001). In spite of lower IR, Group A participants also had elevated mean fasting insulinlevels (10.32 ± 7.01 mIU/mL), suggesting early metabolic disturbances. Also, Group B participants had significantly highertriglycerides (141.24 ± 42.75 vs. 114.10 ± 31.62 mg/dL; p = 0.018), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (43.41 ± 7.57 vs.51.41 ± 7.12 mg/dL; p < 0.001) and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (58.62% vs. 4.70%; p < 0.001) as compared toGroup A participants. Conclusion: Our study shows a high prevalence of MASLD in obese women with PCOS, likely dueto IR. Lean women with PCOS also exhibited metabolic issues, suggesting they may be at risk. These findings highlight theimportance of early metabolic screening and interventions in PCOS women

What is the Diagnosis?

PICTURE QUI

Insights into Physician\u27s Perceptions of Levocloperastine\u27s Safety and Efficacy in Children: An Online Survey in Clinical Practice

Cough is a common symptom in pediatric patients, often requiring effective and well-tolerated antitussive treatments.Although traditional agents like dextromethorphan and codeine are effective, they are associated with side effects likedrowsiness, nausea, and dependency risks. Levocloperastine (LCP), a nonopioid antitussive, has emerged as a safer alternativewith a dual mechanism of action targeting both central and peripheral pathways. This manuscript highlights the findings froman online survey that gathered insights from Indian physicians regarding their perceptions of LCP\u27s safety and efficacy inchildren aged 2 to 15 years. The survey data came from 161 physicians through a structured electronic questionnaire. Resultsindicated high physician confidence in LCP\u27s rapid onset of action, tolerability, and minimal side effects. Notably, 86.6%of participants prescribed LCP in their clinical practice to the children, with 69.6% finding it faster-acting than traditionalagents. Additionally, 80.7% reported reduced night-time sleep disruptions, and 96.9% found it well-tolerated in pediatricpatients. These findings align with existing literature and reinforce LCP\u27s role as a preferred antitussive in pediatric coughmanagement

Are Advance Medical Directives Legal in India?

MEDICOLEGA

Hormonoids and Hormones

The field of endocrinology is ever expanding. With a rapid increase in the understanding of different hormones andhormone-like substances, there is a need to update the nomenclature of these chemical messengers. The authors propose anovel term “Hormonoids”, defined as endogenous or exogenous substances that lead to hormone-like effects in the body.These may refer to various neurotransmitters, minerals, alkalis, acids, and vitamins that are not conventionally classified ashormones, but act upon receptors in target areas and are regulated by complex interlinked processes. These are requiredfor homeostasis, and an imbalance in their concentration or activity may lead to dysfunction and disease. They may also beused as pharmacotherapy for these associated disorders

What is the Diagnosis?

PICTURE QUI

Thyroid Advocacy: The World Order Needs Change

GUEST EDITORIA