Impact of electromagnetic losses in closed two-component magnetic shields on the ampacity of underground power cables

In this paper two typical arrangements of underground single-core high voltage three-phase power cables (flat and trefoil protected by PVC pipes) inside a closed shield of three different materials (low-carbon steel, non-oriented grain steel and aluminium) are analysed. The shield has two components: a U-shaped base and a flat plate (cover) located on top of the base. Whereas most of previous papers on this subject only dealt with the degree of mitigation obtained with each material, this paper, in addition to also addressing this issue, mainly focusses on the effect that electromagnetic losses induced in the shield have on the ampacity of the cable and the cost involved (material and losses). To obtain the numerical results, a high number of simulations by a well-known commercial finite element method software (COMSOL Multiphysics) have been performed. The results obtained in the numerous cases analysed are widely commented and the solutions that enable an important mitigation with no current derating and at a comparatively low cost are highlighted

Bay leaves extracts as active additive for food protective coatings

Ethanolic extracts of bay leaves were obtained using the Soxhlet method (extraction yield of 22.3 ± 1.2%) and further analyzed through different methods, thus determining the chemical composition with gas chromatography, phenolic content with the Folin–Ciocalteu technique (11.8 ± 0.4% wt.) and antioxidant power with the radical 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) method (75.06%). Furthermore, its effect on the growth of two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus, and on two yeasts, Candida glabrata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was determined, showing a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.65 mg/mL on the growth of B. cereus. Finally, edible films were prepared using different polymers (carboxymethyl cellulose, gum Arabic, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and polyvinyl alcohol) containing 0, 5, 10, or 15% wt. of bay leaf extract as troubleshooting for perishable fruits, specifically for cultivated strawberry. The prepared composites presented reduced water vapor permeabilities (up to 4.3 × 10−7 g·Pa−1·m−1·h−1), high specific transparencies (≈30%/mm), as well as the effective blocking of ultraviolet radiation (>99.9%). In vivo tests showed that the most suitable treatment for strawberry protection was the impregnation with a composite comprising polyvinyl alcohol and a 15% wt. bay leaf extract, resulting in a noteworthy reduction in mass loss (22% after 6 days). It can be asserted that food packaging with the designed composites would be an effective alternative for the reduction in postharvest losses

Proposal for a preventive protocol for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe adverse reaction experienced by some patients exposed to certain drugs (antiresorptives such as bisphosphonates or denosumab, and antiangiogenic drugs). From a review of the literature it appears that there is no uniform criterion when selecting preventive measures; these vary according to author. Likewise, the measures recommended are usually general, so that in few cases they result in specific actions to be applied depending on the different variables involved such as the type of drug used, the duration of its application, the underlying pathology, the presence or absence of risk factors, etc. The aim of this study has been to design a preventive protocol which can be easily applied in any clinic or by any dental care service. We undertook an exhaustive literature review to find any articles related to the topic of study, namely, preventive measures for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, on the one hand generically and on the other focusing on dental implant treatment. The most part the criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. From 3946 items, we selected a total of 21 items. From the analysis of the selected articles, several protocols have been developed that are easy to apply in a dental clinic.: Protocol 1. Before starting treatment with antiresorptives (Patients who are going to be treated for osteoporosis / Patients who are going to be treated for cancer). Protocol 2. Once treatment is initiated with antiresorptives (Patients being treated for osteoporosis / Patients being treated for cancer). The application of these protocols requires an interdisciplinary team which can handle the various treatments and apply the measures contained in them. Along with a team of well-educated and trained dentists, it is equally important to maintain contact with the medical team involved in the treatment of the underlying pathology, especially rheumatologists, oncologists, internists and gynaecologists. All the above requires a great staff learning and organization effort, continuous training and coordination of the whole team involved in the preventive management of these patients

Direct torque control of multiphase doubly converter-fed asynchronous machines incorporating the harmonic torques

Doubly fed asynchronous machines have an outstanding property: they can be operated up to twice rated speed delivering full rated torque. This paper presents, for the first time in the literature, a control system for multiphase asynchronous machines fed by Voltage Source Inverters (VSIs) both in stator and rotor that incorporates the harmonic torques. The system has three main and distinctive features: the independent control of the fundamental and harmonic torques, a very fast dynamic response for each one of these torques and a powerful method for selecting the best suited inverter state to achieve the evolution of the fundamental and harmonics flux linkage space phasors prescribed by the external control loops. The first feature is achieved through the decoupling of the multiphase machine provided by the Space Phasor Theory (SPhTh). The second one comes from the application of the General Approach for a very Fast TOrque Control (GAFTOC) principle. The third feature relies on using for multi-phase VSIs a simple but powerful switching-table based mode of operation that overcomes the limitations of the switching-table based modes of operation developed up to now, that only enable for the inverter to feed machines with no harmonic torques contribution

Mechanochemical Preparation of Novel Polysaccharide-Supported Nb2O5 Catalysts

Polysaccharides extracted from natural sources can be used as starting material for the preparation of nanoparticle supported composites. A novel family of bio-nanocomposites was mechanochemically synthesized by using niobium oxide and enzymatically produced polysaccharides. The structural, textural and surface properties of nanomaterials, were determined by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption (N_2 porosimetry), pulse chromatography, infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Selective oxidation of isoeugenol to vanillin was carried out to demonstrate the catalytic activity of the Nb-polysaccharides nanocomposites. Interestingly, most of our material showed high conversion of isoeugenol (60–70%) with selectivity to vanillin over 40%. The optimum conversion and selectivity were achieved with a reaction time between 8 and 24 h

Manual sobre Prevención y Eliminación de Barreras Burocráticas Vol. 2

El presente documento tiene como finalidad difundir las competencias de la Comisión de Eliminación de Barreras Burocráticas del Indecopi y facilitar su entendimiento a los ciudadanos y a las entidades de la administración pública que intervienen o pueden intervenir en los procedimientos de eliminación de barreras burocráticas

La simulacion de la estadística y la probabilidad en los libros de texto de Educación Secundaria

Los libros de texto constituyen un recurso didáctico fundamental en todos los niveles educativos. Las investigaciones recientes sobre el aprendizaje de la probabilidad conceden un papel esencial a la simulación. En este trabajo presentamos un análisis del uso de este recurso en nueve libros de texto y deducimos algunos criterios a tener en cuenta en la elaboración de libros de texto para la enseñanza de la probabilidad en la educación secundaria.Textbooks are an essential educational resource at all levels of education. Recent research on the learning of probability grant an essential role to play. We present an analysis of the use of this resource in nine textbooks and deduce some criteria to be taken into account in the development of textbooks for the teaching of probability in secondary education.Facultad de Educación y Humanidades - Campus de Melilla (Universidad de Granada

Analysis of clickbaiting in contemporary Spanish press headlines/ A case study: El País on Facebook

La calidad del periodismo digital se encuentra actualmente en riesgo debido a la alta competencia existente por obtener tráfico desde las redes sociales. Así, resulta cada vez más frecuente la inserción de titulares llamativos (clickbaiting), en ocasiones poco rigurosos, que pretenden funcionar como «anzuelos», pudiendo distorsionar la realidad e incrementar la desinformación. La presente investigación analiza, de forma exploratoria y con enfoque cuanti-cualitativo, las formas de clickbaits presentes en los titulares alojados en la fan page de Facebook de Elpais.com en n= 167 unidades informativas. El estudio arroja que existe alguna forma de clickbait en más de la mitad de la muestra –lo que además infringe la normativa del diario–, fundamentalmente del tipo «omisivo», ítem para el que se ha establecido una nueva subcategorización. Del mismo modo se detectaron significativas faltas de concordancia entre la información contenida en algunos titulares y la incluida en el cuerpo de las noticiasThe quality of digital journalism is currently at risk due to the extreme competence for attracting traffic from the social networks. Thus, it is becoming increasingly more frequent to include appealing headlines, which are sometimes not rigorous enough, as bait (clickbaiting). This fact could result in a distortion of reality and can contribute to a process of general misinformation. This research analyses, both quantitatively and qualitatively, and in an exploratory way, the appearance of the clickbaits in the Facebook fan page of Elpais.com in n=167 informative units. The study reveals the existence of some sort of clickbait in more than half of the sample -which, moreover, goes against the journal's policy-, especially that of the omissive kind, an item for which a new subcategorization has been established. In the same way, a significant lack of concordance has been detected between the information contained in some headlines and that included in the rest of the article

Semiotic analysis of probability language in Spanish secondary school textbooks

II Congreso Internacional Virtual sobre el Enfoque Ontosemiótico del Conocimiento y la Instrucción Matemáticos (CIVEOS-2), 23-26 de marzo de 2017. [http://enfoqueontosemiotico.ugr.es/]En este trabajo realizamos un análisis semiótico del lenguaje de la estadística y probabilidad en tres libros de texto españoles de Educación Secundaria publicados el pasado año. Los resultados muestran la gran riqueza y diversidad de expresiones verbales y predominio de lenguaje coloquial frente al formal; el lenguaje se asocia a diversos significados de la probabilidad (intuitivo, clásico, frecuencial y formal). El lenguaje numérico se desarrolla de acuerdo a la introducción de diferentes sistemas numéricos en la enseñanza y se encuentra también amplio uso de representaciones tabulares y gráficas. Algunas diferencias en los libros indican el importante papel del profesor al seleccionar y usar estos libros en la enseñanza.In this paper, we present a semiotic analysis of probability language in three Spanish secondary school textbooks published in the past years. The results show the great richness and variety of verbal expressions and predominance of colloquial language against formal expressions. The language is associated to different meanings of probability (intuitive, classical, frequentist and formal meanings). The numerical language is developed according to the introduction of different number systems and there is also an extensive use of tabular and graphical representations. Some differences in the books indicate the important role of the teacher to select and use these textbooks in teaching.Plan Propio Investigación Universidad de Granada: Programa 20, Proyecto EDU2016-74848-P y Grupo FQMN-126 (Junta de Andalucía)

Multifunctional supramolecular dendrimers with an s-triazine ring as the central core: Liquid crystalline, fluorescence and photoconductive properties

Novel liquid crystal (LC) dendrimers have been synthesised by hydrogen bonding between an s-triazine as the central core and three peripheral dendrons derived from bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid. Symmetric acid dendrons bearing achiral promesogenic units have been synthesised to obtain 3:1 complexes with triazine that exhibit LC properties. Asymmetric dendrons that combine the achiral promesogenic unit and an active moiety derived from coumarin or pyrene structures have been synthesised in order to obtain dendrimers with photophysical and electrochemical properties. The formation of the complexes was confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopy data. The liquid crystalline properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarising optical microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. All complexes displayed mesogenic properties, which were smectic in the case of symmetric dendrons and their complexes and nematic in the case of asymmetric dendrons and their dendrimers. A supramolecular model for the lamellar mesophase, based mainly on X-ray diffraction studies, is proposed. The electrochemical behaviour of dendritic complexes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The UV/Vis absorption and emission properties of the compounds and the photoconductive properties of the dendrons and dendrimers were also investigated. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.This work was supported by the seventh FP THE PEOPLE PROGRAMME, The Marie Curie Actions, ITN, no. 215884-2, the MINECO, Spain, (under Projects: CTQ2012-35692 and MAT2012-38538-CO3-01), which included FEDER funding, and the Aragón Government-FSE (Project E04). A.G. and R.T. acknowledge support from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7 2007–2013) through the MATERIA Project (PONa3_00370) and from MIUR through the PRIN 2012JHFYMC project. M.B. acknowledges support from the EU through an ESR fellowship.Peer Reviewe