134 research outputs found
Reliability Evidence for the NC Teacher Evaluation Process Using a Variety of Indicators of Inter-Rater Agreement
In this study, various statistical indexes of agreement were calculated using empirical data from a group of evaluators (n = 45) of early childhood teachers. The group of evaluators rated ten fictitious teacher profiles using the North Carolina Teacher Evaluation Process (NCTEP) rubric. The exact and adjacent agreement percentages were calculated for the group of evaluators. Kappa, weighted Kappa, Gwetâs AC1, Gwetâs AC2, and ICCs were used to interpret the level of agreement between the group of raters and a panel of expert raters. Similar to previous studies, Kappa statistics were low in the presence of high levels of agreement. Weighted Kappa and Gwetâs AC1 were less conservative than Kappa values. Gwetâs AC2 statistic was not defined for most evaluators, as there was an issue found with the statistic when raters do not use each category on the rating scale a minimum number of times. Overall, summary statistics for exact agreement were 68.7% and 87.6% for adjacent agreement across 2,250 ratings (45 evaluators ratings of ten profiles across five NCTEP Standards). Inter-rater agreement coefficients varied from .486 for Kappa, .563 for Gwetâs AC1, .667 for weighted Kappa, and .706 for Gwetâs AC2. While each statistic yielded different results for the same data, the inter-rater reliability of evaluators of early childhood teachers was acceptable or higher for the majority of this group of raters when described with summary statistics and using precise measures of inter-rater reliability
Negotiating Leadership in Interdisciplinary Co-Productive Research:A Case Study of An International Community-Based Project Between Collaborators From South Africa and the United Kingdom
In the absence of empirical and conceptual considerations of the negotiation of leadership in teams doing communitybased
research, this article adds to the leadership literature by offering a critical reflection on positioning and collaborative
teams in the context of one interdisciplinary, co-productive, cross-generational and international research project. The
project focused on youth and community resilience to drought in South Africa. Fourteen co-researchers reflected on their
experiences of leadership within the project, using a collectively developed questionnaire. Findings uniquely highlight wider
ethical considerations when youth and novice researchers are included in research teams. A strong emphasis on cultural
responsiveness was found; with local and culturally led leadership seen to positively influence both processes and outcomes.
Reflections suggest collaboration may be approached as an âethosâ and aided by transformational leadership theories and
methodologies. Findings may be especially relevant to research teams, funders, and ethical bodies.The Natural Environment Research Council, as part of the Global Challenge Research Fund, and the Economic and Social Research Council.http://journals.sagepub.com/home/sgoam2021Educational Psycholog
Mechanism of imidazolium ionic liquids toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and rational engineering of a tolerant, xylose-fermenting strain
Additional file 3. Fermentation profiles of Y133 and Y133-IIL in the presence of 1 % [BMIM]Cl at pH 6.5 and pH 5.0, and either aerobic or anaerobic conditions (n = 3, Mean ± S.E, except n = 2 for Y133 pH 6.5 anaerobic 72 h)
Inhibition of microbial biofuel production in drought-stressed switchgrass hydrolysate
Additional file 2. Maps of significant gene ontology terms for chemical genomics data. Untreated biomass composition. Detailed hydrolysate composition
Learning from organisational embedding for climate resilience
The term âresilienceâ, which is integral to the UK Climate Resilience Programme (UKCR), has been used increasingly in academic, practice and public discourse around climate change, and crises more generally. The termâs appeal comes from its ability to frame crises not as uncontrollable and uncertain phenomena to be feared, but as challenges over which one can triumph, with the potential for improving society
Putting climate resilience in its place: developing spatially literate climate adaptation initiatives
Understanding the socioeconomic, cultural, historical and political nuances of a place is essential for realising effective local decision-making for climate action.
People are central to understanding place-based risk and resilience, with consideration of inequality and vulnerability required for effective place-based climate adaptation.
Temporality is important. Place is not fixed, but changes over time, together with the community that inhabits it.
Discussing and sharing community knowledge increases the likelihood of successful creation and implementation of climate adaptation practices.
A sense of place can be deployed to build connections between people, across policy and between scales
Analysis of factors influencing the ultrasonic fetal weight estimation
Objective: The aim of our study was the evaluation of sonographic fetal weight estimation taking into consideration 9 of the most important factors of influence on the precision of the estimation. Methods: We analyzed 820 singleton pregnancies from 22 to 42 weeks of gestational age. We evaluated 9 different factors that potentially influence the precision of sonographic weight estimation ( time interval between estimation and delivery, experts vs. less experienced investigator, fetal gender, gestational age, fetal weight, maternal BMI, amniotic fluid index, presentation of the fetus, location of the placenta). Finally, we compared the results of the fetal weight estimation of the fetuses with poor scanning conditions to those presenting good scanning conditions. Results: Of the 9 evaluated factors that may influence accuracy of fetal weight estimation, only a short interval between sonographic weight estimation and delivery (0-7 vs. 8-14 days) had a statistically significant impact. Conclusion: Of all known factors of influence, only a time interval of more than 7 days between estimation and delivery had a negative impact on the estimation
Recovered memories, satanic abuse, Dissociative Identity Disorder and false memories in the UK: a survey of Clinical Psychologists and Hypnotherapists
An online survey was conducted to examine psychological therapistsâ experiences of, and beliefs about, cases of recovered memory, satanic / ritualistic abuse, Multiple Personality Disorder / Dissociative Identity Disorder, and false memory. Chartered Clinical Psychologists (n=183) and Hypnotherapists (n=119) responded. In terms of their experiences, Chartered Clinical Psychologists reported seeing more cases of satanic / ritualistic abuse compared to Hypnotherapists who, in turn, reported encountering more cases of childhood sexual abuse recovered for the first time in therapy, and more cases of suspected false memory. Chartered Clinical Psychologists were more likely to rate the essential accuracy of reports of satanic / ritualistic abuse as higher than Hypnotherapists. Belief in the accuracy of satanic / ritualistic abuse and Multiple Personality Disorder / Dissociative Identity Disorder reports correlated negatively with the belief that false memories were possible
Monitoring, Inspection and Complaints Adjudication in Prison: The Limits of Prison Accountability Frameworks
This article examines the framework for prison accountability in England and Wales, the Republic of Ireland and Scotland. Despite variations in both policy and practice between the three jurisdictions, what is striking are the similarities in their shortcomings. These deficiencies, whether based on real or perceived grievances, potentially undermine efforts to call prison governance to account. The article argues that not only should the primary bodies involved in prison accountability be independent and robust, for prisoners to experience these bodies as legitimate, transformational changes in penal culture and internal prison power dynamics must be addressed
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