Major tourist attractions and impacts on the natural environment

This article aims to discuss the evolution of various forms of tourism in the country and evaluation of its cost-effectiveness in relation to impacts on the natural environment. Take as case studies, the municipalities of Balneário Camboriú in Santa Catarina and Porto Seguro in Bahia, two established destinations in terms of tourist demand, which in 2010 were, respectively, 4.3 million (Secretary of Tourism of Balneário Camboriú) and 1 million tourists (State Secretary of Tourism of Bahia), and had their natural environment impacted by mass tourism applies there. From the product cycle model for tourism developed by Butler (1980), which provides an evolutionary sequence in six stages: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation and decline or rejuvenation (depending on the policies adopted for the area question), it is proposed to evaluate these two important destinations, giving relevance to the degradation of the natural environment.Peer Reviewe

Major tourist attractions and impacts on the natural environment

This article aims to discuss the evolution of various forms of tourism in the country and evaluation of its cost-effectiveness in relation to impacts on the natural environment. Take as case studies, the municipalities of Balneário Camboriú in Santa Catarina and Porto Seguro in Bahia, two established destinations in terms of tourist demand, which in 2010 were, respectively, 4.3 million (Secretary of Tourism of Balneário Camboriú) and 1 million tourists (State Secretary of Tourism of Bahia), and had their natural environment impacted by mass tourism applies there. From the product cycle model for tourism developed by Butler (1980), which provides an evolutionary sequence in six stages: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation and decline or rejuvenation (depending on the policies adopted for the area question), it is proposed to evaluate these two important destinations, giving relevance to the degradation of the natural environment.Peer Reviewe

The Best Self Visualization Method: Clinical Implications and Physiological Correlates

The focus of this study was to evaluate the psychological and psychosocial factors of a novel and composite meditation–visualization practice known as the best self visualization method (BSM). The researcher adapted and modified the BSM to work within a brief 2-week, two-session intervention period. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects on psychopathology (GAD, PHQ), resilience (PHQ, GAD, Gratitude, Compassion, DSES, Trust, Personal Growth, Mindfulness, and Social Connection), and bio-physiological changes related to EEG spectral power, coherence, and heart rate variability (BPM-Coherence). A total of 66 participants were randomized into active meditation control (n = 35) and BSM (n = 31) intervention groups. Data analysis revealed significant effects for GAD in favor of BSM psychopathology attenuation (U = 316.5, z = -1.62, p ≤ .05) as well as for the PHQ (U = 321.5, z = -1.54, p = .06). Individual t tests revealed a much more robust effect. There were no significant differences for the other scales measured except for interpersonal trust, which had a stronger effect for the BSM group, t(23) = -1.90, p = .04. For EEG and HRV data, results showed the BSM elicited significant changes in parietal gamma spectral power (F[2, 15] = 6.34, p = .010), parietal alpha blocking (F[1, 15] = 5.14, p = .039), and heart rate coherence achievement (t[28] = 1.97, p = .03), as well as demonstrated a heart rate increase trend. Paradoxically, the BSM’s bio-physiological profile was more “activating” when compared to the control, indicating psychopathology attenuation was not related necessarily to a relaxation response

Electrochemical, H2O2-Boosted Catalytic Oxidation System

An improved water-sterilizing aqueous-phase catalytic oxidation system (APCOS) is based partly on the electrochemical generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This H2O2-boosted system offers significant improvements over prior dissolved-oxygen water-sterilizing systems in the way in which it increases oxidation capabilities, supplies H2O2 when needed, reduces the total organic carbon (TOC) content of treated water to a low level, consumes less energy than prior systems do, reduces the risk of contamination, and costs less to operate. This system was developed as a variant of part of an improved waste-management subsystem of the life-support system of a spacecraft. Going beyond its original intended purpose, it offers the advantage of being able to produce H2O2 on demand for surface sterilization and/or decontamination: this is a major advantage inasmuch as the benign byproducts of this H2O2 system, unlike those of systems that utilize other chemical sterilants, place no additional burden of containment control on other spacecraft air- or water-reclamation systems

O desenvolvimento urbano sustentável uma utopia possível?

O século XX, ao mesmo tempo em que se caracterizou pela associação do conceito de desenvolvimento ao uso e consumo crescentes do solo, das fontes de energia e dos recursos naturais de forma geral, deu origem à formação das concentrações metropolitanas. Essas concentrações aglutinaram ao longo do tempo fortes processos de degradação ambiental. Uma das respostas encontradas para essas questões vem sendo dada pela Agenda 21, adotada por aproximadamente 179 países na Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, em 1992, no Rio de Janeiro. A presente reflexão trata das diferenças entre as Agendas 21 locais desenvolvidas nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. Propõe a discussão sobre o inter-relacionamento das questões socioambientais do município com o espaço regional e as decorrentes limitações na implementação dos propósitos da Agenda 21 local. Sustainable urban development a possible utopia? Abstract The 20th century has been characterized by the association of the developmental concept with the increasing use and ground consumption, the energy sources and the natural resources in general. At the same time, the metropolitan concentrations formation began and generates, throught out the years, an strong process of environmental degradation. One of the answers founded for these questions has been given through the Agenda 21, adopted by approximately 179 countries in the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, in 1992, at Rio de Janeiro. The present reflection is about the differences between the local Agenda 21 implemented in the developed countries and in the developing countries. It proposes the discussion about the relationship between the municipalitys social and environmental issues and regional space and the consequent limitations at the implementation of the Agenda 21 purposes

Synthesis and oxidation of metal-thiolate compounds which mimic the active site function of thiolate dioxygenase enzymes

Part I describes the synthesis of bis(fac-S)((tris)2-aminoethanethiolatoiron( III))iron(III) chloride. The compound was first discovered during an attempt to prepare a ternary complex of iron, thiolate and pi-acid ligand. The compound is a reasonably air-stable iron(III)-thiolate that contains a linear tri-iron cluster with each iron bridged to the adjacent iron by three thiolate sulfurs. The elemental analysis of a microcrystalline sample corresponds to [Fe(Fe(SCH₂CH₂NH₂)₃)₂]Cl₃-3H₂0CH₃0H. Large crystals showed little or no x-ray diffraction. Data collected for one crystal resulted in a structure solution (R = 0.098) for the Fe₃ cluster in one-electron reduced form as a dichloride. UV-visible spectroscopy shows a peak at 490 nm which is due to an Fe[superscript III]-SR charge transfer. The cluster reacts slowly with oxygen when dissolved in solution, causing a decomposition of the compound to iron rust and disulfide. Cyclic voltammetry shows a reversible redox couple between the +3 and +2 charged cluster on a short timescale (-310 mV, -240 mV vs. SCE), followed by dissociation of the reduced cluster after several scans. The infrared spectrum of the cluster has a characteristic pattern in the region between 1800-400 cm⁻¹. Magnetic susceptibility measurements give μ[subscript eff] = 2.6 Bohr Magnetons, which corresponds to each of the three irons being in the low spin ferric state with coupling of spins (S = 1/2). Mossbauer spectroscopy supports this conclusion, giving two major doublets with relative intensity 1.7:1, ΔE[subscript Q] = 1.78, δ = +0.24 and ΔE[subscript Q] = 1.55, δ = +0.34. Oxidation with H₂0₂ and MCPBA did not produce sulfenates; however, added thiolates did react with the cluster. Part II of this work describes the stereochemistry of the products of the H₂0₂ oxidation of potassium trans-N-bis (penicillaminato-N,S,0)cobaltate(III). Two optical isomers were found for the disulfenate (R,S and S,S), while only one isomer (S) was isolated by column chromatography for the monosulfenate. The second isomer (R) was produced in dilute solution and shown to exist by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Differences in the product distribution under light and dark conditions are noted

Implementation of an Interprofessional Medication Therapy Management Experience

Objective. To measure the impact of an interprofessional experience (IPE) in medication therapy management (MTM) on students' attitudes and skills regarding interprofessional collaboration (IPC). Methods. This interprofessional MTM experience spanned three weeks, with health science students (medicine, nursing, nutrition, and pharmacy) meeting once weekly. The IPE facilitated interprofessional student collaboration via small-group sessions to conduct MTM consultations for patients with complex chronic conditions. Student learning and attitudinal changes were evaluated by comparing pre- and post-IPE survey responses and a qualitative summary of the students' clinical recommendations. Efficacy of student groups was measured via patient satisfaction surveys and was reported by frequency of response. Results. Twenty-seven students participated in the program and 22 completed both pre- and post-IPE surveys (81% response rate). The survey included open-ended and Likert-type items assessing students' attitudes and skills regarding the IPE as well as their reactions to the experience. Significant changes were observed for two attitudinal items regarding interprofessional teams: maintaining enthusiasm/interest and responsiveness to patients' emotional and financial needs. Patient-reported satisfaction and students' complex clinical recommendations provided further evidence of student learning. Conclusion. This novel IPE in MTM promoted interprofessional collaboration and education in this unique patient care area. Students' attitudes toward and skills in interprofessional collaboration improved, and the patients who received care reported positive experiences. Many health professions programs face challenges in meeting IPE requirements. The results of our study may provide the impetus for other institutions to develop similar programs to meet this urgent need.This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor salivary glands: a report of two cases

Introduction: Adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor salivary glands is a rare benign lesion that can be mistakenly diagnosed as other types of salivary gland neoplasms. It presents as a small firm nodule or as an exophytic mass, usually painless with normal mucosa, and slightly red or blue. Histologically, aggregates of relatively normal acinar lobule mucosa can be seen in larger amounts than expected, causing increased volume and sometimes pain. Case report: This article describes two cases of adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor salivary glands, the first in the left buccal mucosa of a 12 year-old boy and the second in the labial mucosa of a 44 year-old woman, and a review of previous reports of this pathology in English literature. The clinical appearance of the tumor is indistinguishable from salivary gland neoplasms and pathological examination is therefore essential for definitive diagnosis of this pathology. In both cases the treatment chosen after diagnosis was follow up and no changes were observed over 2 years from the first appointment

Epidemiological profile of ameloblastoma at Erasto Gaertner Hospital

Ameloblastoma is the most common benign tumor of odontogenic origin, and represents about 11% of all odontogenic tumors. It is characterized by being locally aggressive and having high recurrence rates. Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of ameloblastoma in the Erasto Gaertner Hospital in patients from 1972 to 2012. In addition, to assess the main treatments, the most prevalent histological variants, the recurrence rate, the anatomical location of the lesion and patient profile. Material and methods: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with ameloblastoma at the Erasto Gaertner Hospital between the years 1972-2012 was performed. Epidemiological data were collected such as gender, age, race, lesion location, type of surgical procedure, follow-up and recurrence rate; and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 40 patients were selected for the study. The most affected age group was between the third and fifth decade of life, with 19 cases (47.5%), followed by the second and fourth decade, with 14 cases (35%); the sixth decade, with 5 cases (12.5%) and seventh decade with 1 case (2.5%). The patients’ ages ranged from 13 to 66 years, with an average age 34.9 years. The mandible was the most affected site, with 38 cases (95%) of cases, and maxilla had only 2 cases (5%). Thirty-eight patients were treated with radical surgery and 5 patients presented recurrence after 1 year of follow-up. Both cases that occurred in maxilla presented recurrence. Conclusion: Recurrence of ameloblastoma decreases significantly when surgery is performed properly, with wide excision and margin. Combination of full tumor resection and reconstruction was the best approach observed in this study. In addition, we recommend a long period of clinical and radiographic follow-up