Senegalese academic says prevention is vital as West African countries battle the rise of radical Islam

Our series examining the Origins of Africa’s War of Terror continues with Senegalese academic Dr Bakary Sambe who says that a deep reform of education systems in the Sahelian countries is key to preventing the rapid rise of Islamic militancy in the region

FUNGSI JAMINAN TERHADAP PEMBERIAN KREDIT OLEH PIHAK BANK MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 10 TAHUN 1998

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja fungsi jaminan terhadap pemberian kredit bank dan bagaimana proses pemberian kredit bank. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative disimpulkan: 1. Fungsi jaminan terhadap pemberian kredit bank yaitu untuk menjamin pelunasan utang debitur bila debitur wanprestasi atau pailit. Jaminan kredit akan memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum kepada pihak perbankan bahwa kreditnya akan tetap kembali walaupun dengan cara mengeksekusi jaminan kredit perbankan. Jika dilihat mengenai fungsi jaminan kredit baik ditinjau dari sisi bank maupun dari sisi debitur yakni pertama jaminan kredit sebagai pengamanan pelunasan utang; kedua jaminan kredit sebagai pendorong motivasi debitur, dan ketiga fungsi yang terkait dengan pelaksanaan ketentuan perbankan. 2. Proses pemberian kredit dapat dilalui dengan langkah pertama mengajukan permohonan kredit; penyidikan dan analisa kredit; keputusan atas permohonan kredit, persetujuan permohonan kredit langkah-langkah yang dapat diambil yaitu surat penegasan persetujuan kredit kepada pemohon, pengikatan jaminan, dan penandatanganan perjanjian kredit; kemudian Pencairan fasilitas kredit dan pelunasan kredit. Kata kunci: Fungsi jaminan, pemberian kredit, ban

Students Talk About Their HIV/AIDS Education Courses: A Case Of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

The objective of this research was to explore how Ethiopian high school students experienced the HIV/AIDS education programs offered in their schools. The project also examined gender differences in the way HIV/AIDS education was perceived and the implications for the instructional design of the programs. A total of 15 high school students (eight females and seven males between the ages of 13 and 18) in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, were recruited through purposeful sampling. Data were collected using two focus groups with each group comprising one gender. This separation of genders was ideal to enable participants to express their thoughts freely and to observe possible gender divergences. Findings: All participants agreed that school-based HIV/AIDS education was essential but that unfortunately, most of the programs that students attended were neither interesting nor beneficial. Gender differences were observed with females asking for in-school AIDS education to completely modify its focus and males feeling that the education’s current strategies should simply be improved. The implications of these results are discussed along with recommendations for further research

Recognition-mediated hydrogel swelling controlled by interaction with a negative thermoresponsive LCST polymer

Most polymeric thermoresponsive hydrogels contract upon heating beyond the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymers used. Herein, we report a supramolecular hydrogel system that shows the opposite temperature dependence. When the non-thermosesponsive hydrogel NaphtGel, containing dialkoxynaphthalene guest molecules, becomes complexed with the tetra cationic macrocyclic host CBPQT4+, swelling occurred as a result of host–guest complex formation leading to charge repulsion between the host units, as well as an osmotic contribution of chloride counter-ions embedded in the network. The immersion of NaphtGel in a solution of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) end groups complexed with CBPQT4+ induced positive thermoresponsive behaviour. The LCST-induced dethreading of the polymer-based pseudorotaxane upon heating led to transfer of the CBPQT4+ host and a concomitant swelling of NaphtGel. Subsequent cooling led to reformation of the TTF-based host–guest complexes in solution and contraction of the hydrogel

KNOWLEDGE AND, CONSUMPTION OF VEGETABLE FRUIT TO CONSTIPATION ON BOARDING SCHOOL STUDENTS SMAN 5 GOWA

Introduction: Lack of nutritional knowledge leads to unhealthy eating habit that can cause nutritional problem in adolescence. Teenagers are more likely to consume less fiber than younger children in their diet which can make them become more vulnerable to have constipation. Purpose: This study aims to determine nutritional knowledge, consumption of vegetable and fruit and constipation of boarding school students at SMAN 5 Gowa. Material and Method: The sample was 139 students which was randomly chosen by Proportionate Stratified. The level of nutritional knowledge was measured by a form of nutritional knowledge while consumption of fruit vegetables using the 24 hour recall method. Defecation pattern was measured by using the Constipation Scoring System form. Results:  Majority of students 88.5%  were lacked of nutritional knowledge. Consumption of vegetables and fruits was insufficient which was only about 5.41gr in average. The incidence of constipation was low, only 4.3%. Conclusion: Nutritional knowledge as well as, consumption of vegetable and fruit were poor. Meanwhile the incidence of constipation relatively lo

Witchcraft and Investment Behaviour in Rural Tiv Communities, Benue State, Nigeria

Witchcraft is pervasive in all African societies including Tiv society. However, the ramifications of this practice to business and investment are ignored by researchers and government. This study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of witchcraft one business and investment in Tivland. The study was guided by Weber’s theory of Protestant Ethics and Spirit of Capitalism. The study used a case study design while a purposive and snowball sampling techniques were utilized to select Key informants. Key informant Interview was used to collect data while Data analysis involved the use summarization and transcription of the responses. The study discovered that witchcraft has both direct and indirect consequences on business and investment in Tivland.  The study also concluded that witchcraft affected business investment in attacks on life and businesses of or community family members who are perceived to be successful business people; prohibition of witches from engaging in business activities, fear of being exposed to evil attacks from witches which scares from investing and use of witchcraft as a scapegoat for not investing in business. The study also found that witchcraft has negative influence on business investment and development in Tivland.  This study therefore confirms the Max Weber’s theory that religious ideas and practices are highly connected to entrepreneurship.  The study recommends for Word of God in overcoming witchcraft and consideration of witchcraft beliefs in efforts to boost business and investment in rural communities in the study area. &nbsp

Fungsi Jaminan Terhadap Pemberian Kredit Oleh Pihak Bank Menurut Undang-undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja fungsi jaminan terhadap pemberian kredit bank dan bagaimana proses pemberian kredit bank. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative disimpulkan: 1. Fungsi jaminan terhadap pemberian kredit bank yaitu untuk menjamin pelunasan utang debitur bila debitur wanprestasi atau pailit. Jaminan kredit akan memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum kepada pihak perbankan bahwa kreditnya akan tetap kembali walaupun dengan cara mengeksekusi jaminan kredit perbankan. Jika dilihat mengenai fungsi jaminan kredit baik ditinjau dari sisi bank maupun dari sisi debitur yakni pertama jaminan kredit sebagai pengamanan pelunasan utang; kedua jaminan kredit sebagai pendorong motivasi debitur, dan ketiga fungsi yang terkait dengan pelaksanaan ketentuan perbankan. 2. Proses pemberian kredit dapat dilalui dengan langkah pertama mengajukan permohonan kredit; penyidikan dan analisa kredit; keputusan atas permohonan kredit, persetujuan permohonan kredit langkah-langkah yang dapat diambil yaitu surat penegasan persetujuan kredit kepada pemohon, pengikatan jaminan, dan penandatanganan perjanjian kredit; kemudian Pencairan fasilitas kredit dan pelunasan kredit

KIOSK BANKING AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL DWELLERS IN KWANDE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

The general objective of the study was to ascertain the contributions of kiosk banking to socio-economic development of rural dwellers in Kwande Local Government Area. Specifically, the study sought to establish services offered by kiosk banking to rural dwellers in the study area and to also determine the effect such services have on socio-economic development of the rural dwellers. The study used a cross sectional survey design while 321 samples were obtained through convenient sampling technique. Questionnaires were used for data collection while percentages, chi-square and Cramer’s V were adopted for data analysis. The study found that most (61.1%) rural dwellers had access to kiosk banking services. These services include: cash withdrawals (67.8%) cash deposits (15.8) Point of Sale (POS) channel (87.8%). Furthermore, kiosk banking was found to have significant relationship to living standard of the rural dwellers as X2 = 30.708>p=0.002. However, it was found that the relationship was weak with Cramer’s V value of 0.229. Findings also showed low ratings regarding kiosk banking services in regards to the cost of transport (44.9%), service charge (59.2%) and information cost (85.7%). The study concluded that kiosk banking had a significant effect on socio-economic development of rural dwellers. The major challenges of kiosk banking were found to be high withdrawal charges (25.2%) and insufficient funds for huge withdrawals (21.8%). The study recommended for monitoring of charges and improvement in availability of funds to kiosk bankers so as to boost socio-economic activities in rural settlements. It was also recommended that banks should scale up kiosk banking services to encourage more participation and more financial inclusion