THE EFFECT OF BRAND IMAGE AND QUALITY PERCEPTIONS ON TRUST AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE DECISION TO BUY HAND SANITIZER

Along with the increasing activity of people, especially in urban areas, and thenumber of instant products that are fast-paced and practical, an innovativewaterless hand sanitizer product has emerged, known as antiseptic hand sanitizeror hand sanitizer. This hand sanitizer product contains an antiseptic used to killgerms on hands, which consists of alcohol and triclosan. Based on data from2015 - 2020 which is the result of a Top Brand survey of hand sanitizer users inIndonesia, it is found that the Antis and Dettol brand hand sanitizers always havean index that places them in the top two positions in that period. In this study, twoindependent variables were selected including brand image and perceivedquality, with the assumption that the independent variables were proven to havea positive relationship with trust and purchasing decisions. This research wasconducted in five areas of DKI Jakarta (West Jakarta, East Jakarta, CentralJakarta, North Jakarta, and South Jakarta) in November - December 2020. Thesample used was 200 respondents. The data analysis technique used StructuralEquation Model (SEM), in this case, Liserel. The results of the study concluded:1) Brand Image affects consumer confidence in antis products; 2) Quality affectsconsumer confidence in antis products; 3) Brand Image affects consumerdecisions to buy antis products; 4) Quality influences consumer decisions to buyantis products; 5) Trust affects consumer decisions to buy antis products; 6)Brand image and quality can explain 86% of the trust variance, while theremaining 14% is explained by other factors. Brand image, quality, and trust canexplain 92% of the variance of purchasing decisions while the remaining 8% isexplained by other factors; and, 7)There are direct and indirect effects of brandimage and quality variables on the decision to buy antis products. The indirecteffect is through the variable of consumer confidence in antis products

Activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum on Some Cell Lines

Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) is one of medicinal plants contains some steroidal sapogenin such as diosgenin, yamogenin, gitogenin, tigogenin and trigoneoside, also alkaloid trigonellin, which is have many activity as antidiabetic, estrogenic and also as anti cancer. This experiment was done to explore the activity of some extract of TFG on some cell lines such as MCF7 (Human Breast Cancer Cell-line), T47D (Human Breast Cancer Cell-line), PC3 (Human Prostate Cell-line) and SKOV (Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cell-line). This assay was done using MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium) methods. Results showed that ethyl acetate fraction gives the lowest IC50 than another extracts. IC50 for PC3 is 66.24 ppm, IC50 for MCF7 is 41.81 ppm, IC50 for T47D is 58.63 ppm. These datas can be used for further research to isolate the active compound from TFG.Keywords : Trigonella foenum-graecum, MCF-7, T47D, SKOV, PC

Combination Gel Formulation Extracts of Moringa Leaf and Red Betel Leaf as an Inhibitor of Acne-Causing Bacteria (Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus aureus)

The most common skin disorder is acne (Acne vulgaris) which is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in the pilosebaceous unit. Infection can be caused by Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. Moringa leaves are known to inhibit acne growth. Piper crocatum leaves are also thought to have antibacterial activity. The study aims to determine the effect of the combination of the two extracts in inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria, also tested the gel formula to meet physical and chemical parameters as well as stability to temperature and storage, also to test the acute dermal irritation against rabbit. Each extract with a concentration of 0.3%; 0.6%; 1.25%; 2.5%; 5%; 10%; 20%, incubated then measured the inhibition zone, then determined the minimum inhibition zone concentration of the two extracts to determine the lowest levels of the extracts which still gave antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria by the well diffusion method. The extract combination was formulated in a gel preparation with the excipients Carbopol 940, PG, Phenoxyethanol, TEA, CMC, and Aquadest. Antibacterial activity test for gel preparations used the well method with positive control Medi-Klin® gel. Then the formula evaluation includes physical, chemical, and microbiological evaluations. The results showed that the combination gel form had activity against P. acne and S. aureus at concentrations of 2.5% : 2.5%. The combination gel preparation of the two extracts also has synergistic effect in inhibiting acne bacteria. The formula can meet physical and chemical parameters and is stable to temperature and storage

PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN JASA DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PUSKESMAS BOJONG NANGKA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PASIEN BPJS

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa bagaimana pengaruh bauran pemasaran jasa dalam hal ini produk (product), harga (price), promosi (promotion), lokasi (place), orang (people), bukti fisik / fasilitas fisik (physical evidence), dan proses (process), dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan dalam hal ini bukti langsung (tangibles), kehandalan (reliability), daya tanggap (responsiveness), jaminan (assurance), dan empati (empathy) di Puskesmas Bojong Nangka Kecamatan Gunung Putri Kabupaten Bogor terhadap kepuasan pasien BPJS. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif metode potong lintang atau cross sectional. Tempat penelitian adalah di Puskesmas Bojong Nangka, Gunung Putri, Bogor. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 100 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu kuesioner dan observasi. Analisis data penelitian yaitu dengan uji Regresi Linier Berganda dengan hasil Y1 = 1,515 + 0,064X1 + 0,073X2. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah bahwa bauran pemasaran dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan berpengaruh secara parsial maupun bersama-sama terhadap kepuasan pasien BPJS

ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR IN PURCHASING DECISIONS OF MEDICAL SERVICES PRODUCTS AND THEIR EFFECT ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN PHARMACY

Objective: This study aims to analyze customer behavior in the decision to buy self-medicated service products and their effect on customer satisfaction at Kimia Farma Pharmacy, Bekasi Business Unit. Methods: This research uses a quantitative study approach with a descriptive design. Samples or respondents totaled 312 people. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews and agency documents. Results: The results showed that the respondents' knowledge, attitudes and actions in self-medicated service products had quite good results. Respondents who have knowledge of self-medicated service products are 54.225%, 67% of respondents have good attitudes and 61% of actions. The results of data analysis show that the influence of customer behavior in the decision to buy self-medicated service products on customer satisfaction is 0.410 or the power of influence is 41.0%, the rest is influenced by other factors. While the influence of customer behavior on the decision to buy self-medicated service products is 0.347 or 34.7%, the rest is influenced by other factors. Conclusion: Customer satisfaction is quite high which illustrates that Kimia Farma Pharmacy Bekasi Business Unit has tried to fulfill customer desires by providing adequate service

Uji Aktivitas Antihialuronidase In-Vitro dan Karakteristik Fisik Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Ekstrak Rimpang Langkuas laki-laki (Alpinia zerumbet)

The rhizome of Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm) contains phenolic compounds, has antihyaluronidase activity which can reduce wrinkles on the skin. This study aims to determine the physical characteristics and antihyaluronidase activity of the nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) of the Alpinia zerumbet rhizome extract in-vitro. Alpinia zerumbet rhizome powder (4/18) was extracted by kinetic maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent, concentrated with a rotary vacuum evaporator at 100 mm Hg at a temperature of ± 50oC. The resulting extract was prepared into NLC nanoparticles using polyethyleneglycol 8-beeswax, isopropyl myristate and acrylyl glucoside with the high speed homogenization-ultrasonication method. The resulting NLC extracts were characterized by nanoparticle size and morphology, polydispersity index and zeta potential and antihyaluronidase activity test was determined using the Sigma Aldrich and Tu & Tawata methods with slight modifications. The results of the NLC characterization of Alpinia zerumbet rhizome extract were 171.3 nm; 0.37; -26.8 mV; and spherical shape. The results of the antihyaluronidase activity of Alpinia zerumbet rhizome extract loaded NLC was 552.75 µg/mL. It was concluded that the Alpinia zerumbet rhizome extract loaded NLC can be formulated into topical preparations which have the potential to be antihyaluronidase with the ability to reduce wrinkles on the skin.Rimpang langkuas laki-laki (Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm) mengandung senyawa fenolat, memiliki aktivitas antihialuronidase yang dapat mengurangi kerutan pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik fisik serta aktivitas antihialuronidase nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) dari ekstrak rimpang Alpinia zerumbet secara in-vitro. Serbuk rimpang Alpinia zerumbet 4/18 diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi kinetik menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%, dipekatkan dengan rotary vacuum evaporator pada tekanan 100 mmHg dan pada suhu ±50oC. Ekstrak yang dihasilkan dipreparasi kedalam nanopartikel dengan sistem penghantaran NLC menggunakan polietilen glikol-8 beeswax, isopropil miristat dan akrilil glikosida dengan metode high speed homogenization-ultrasonication. NLC ekstrak yang dihasilkan dilakukan karakterisasi meliputi ukuran dan morfologi nanopartikel, indeks polidispersitas dan potensial zeta serta ditentukan uji aktivitas antihialuronidase menggunakan metode dari Sigma Aldrich dan Tu&Tawata dengan sedikit modifikasi. Hasil karakterisasi NLC ekstrak rimpang Alpinia zerumbet adalah 171,3 nm; 0,37; dan -26,8 mV dengan bentuk sferis. Hasil uji aktivitas antihialuronidase NLC ekstrak adalah 552,75 µg/mL. Dapat disimpulkan NLC ekstrak rimpang Alpinia zerumbet dapat di formulasi ke dalam sediaan topikal yang berpotensi sebagai antihialuronidase dengan kemampuan mengurangi kerutan pada kulit

In silico SCREENING OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. AND Strychnos ligustrine COMPOUNDS AS A PROTEASE INHIBITOR OF SARS-COV-2

Diseases caused by the coronavirus have become an important concern in early 2020. The coronavirus is a new type of virus that is included in the SARS-CoV-2 group. One of the possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 inhibition involves protease receptors inhibition. This research was aimed to in silico screening of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf., and Strychnos ligustrine active ingredients as the main protease inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by assessing the ligand-binding affinity in the binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 main protease protein. The molecular docking method is generally used to predict the inhibitory site and bonds formation. In the current study, some generally used antiviral compounds from the PDB (Protein Data Bank) were also used to compare the affinity strength of the test compound against the protease receptor (code of 5R7Y). The inhibitory activity against the main protease receptor proven by the ChemPLP score is more negative than the receptor’s native ligand and the comparison compounds. Jubanine B, a compound of Z. spina-christi has the most robust inhibition activity on the SARS-CoV-2 protease receptor. Results of this study can be concluded that this can be used to develop as a candidate for traditional medicine against SARS-CoV-2 but still it required some more in vitro and in vivo studies

Characterization of Trypsin-Like Protease of Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0270

Trypsin is an enzyme that has a unique mechanism of cutting peptide bonds specifically at the carboxyl side of lysine or arginine amino acids, with another amino acid. This study aims to analyze a trypsin-like protease (TLP) found in Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0270,  by performing partial proteomic tests, i.e. MALDI-TOF/TOF, and standard bioinformatics tools. SDS-PAGE analysis showed 4 protein bands. Two bands of the (P1 and P2) showed molecular weights equivalent to 47.35 and 38.42 kD, each generating 8 and 11 peptide fragments respectively. According to information in www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/structures, the structure  of serine protease HtrA (subs. plantarum L. plantarum ST–III) consists of three domains. Using Clone Manager® software by aligning two sequences we obtained eleven. The Lactobacillus produces of the trypsin-like serine protease has 40-90% similarity. Using the Clustal W2 software we passed the 11 sequences through multiple alignments, and found that the isolate L. plantarum is closely related to L. buchneri, L. brevis, and L. malefermentans on the phylogenetic tree. Alignment analysis results showed that all 8 peptide fragments of band 1 and 11 peptide fragments of band 2,  of the SDS-PAGE, were located in the active domain region of  the fourth trypsin-like serine protease producing Lactobacilli

Peningkatan Kelarutan Andrografolid dalam Fraksi Etil Asetat Herba Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) Melalui Mikroenkapsulasi dengan Metode Semprot Kering

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) is one of a medicinal plants containing andrographolide as its primary bioactive component, which is able to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation. Andrographolide is a diterpene lacton that is sparingly soluble in water. The aim of this study is to improve the solubility of andrographolide in A. paniculata herbs ethyl acetate fraction by microencapsulation method prepared using spray drying. The ethyl acetate fraction of A.paniculata herbs was microencapsulated using PVP K30 and HPMC as the coating polymer in different ratios of ethyl acetat fraction and polymer (1:5; 1:7,5 and 1:10). Microspheres containing ethyl acetate fraction of A.paniculata herbs were evaluated their saturation solubility and in vitro dissolution in aquadest, pH 6.8 phosphate and pH 1.2 chloride medium. The result showed that the microencapsulation could increase the saturation solubility and dissolution rate of andrographolide as compared to the ethyl acetate fraction and andrographolide standard. Compared to the solubility of andrographolide from A. paniculata ethyl acetate fraction, the solubility of andrographolide on ethyl acetate fraction microspheres in aquadest, pH 6.8 phosphate and pH 1.2 chloride medium were increased approximately 23.42-39.34, 19.92-34.83 and 24.56-38.25 folds respectively. Moreover, compared to the solubility of andrographolide standard, the solubility of andrographolide on ethyl acetate fraction microspheres in aquadest, pH 6.8 phosphate and pH 1.2 chloride medium were increased approximately 16.99-28.53, 19.76-34.54 and 17.26-26.87 folds respectively.Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antikanker dengan komponen bioaktif utama andrografolid. Andrografolid merupakan seyawa diterpen lakton yang sukar larut dalam air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kelarutan andrografolid pada fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto melalui mikroenkapsulasi dengan metode semprot kering. Mikroenkapsulasi fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto dibuat menggunakan polimer PVP K30 dan HPMC sebagai bahan penyalut dengan perbedaan rasio fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto dan polimer 1:5; 1:7,5 dan 1:10. Mikrosfer yang mengandung fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto kemudian dievaluasi terhadap kelarutan dan uji disolusi secara in vitro pada medium air suling, fosfat pH 6,8 dan klorida pH 1,2. Hasil evaluasi menujukkan bahwa mikroenkapsulasi fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto dengan metode semprot kering dapat meningkatkan kelarutan dan laju disolusi andrografolid dibandingkan dengan fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto dan andrografolid standard. Dibandingkan dengan kelarutan andrografolid dari fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto, peningkatan kelarutan andrografolid dalam mikrosfer fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto dalam medium air suling; fosfat pH 6,8 dan klorida pH 1,2 berturut adalah 23,42-39,34; 19,92-34,83 dan 24,56-38,25 kali. Selain itu, dibandingkan dengan kelarutan andrografolid standard, peningkatan kelarutan andrografolid dalam mikrosfer fraksi etil asetat herba sambiloto dalam medium air suling, fosfat pH 6,8 dan klorida pH 1,2 berturut-turut adalah 16,99-28,53; 19,76-34,54 dan 17,26-26,87 kali

Isolation and structure elucidation of main compound originated from sponge Axynissa aplysinoides

Isolation of the main compound of sponge Axynissa aplysinoides collected from Lombok seawater, has been conducted. Methanol extract of dried sponge was fractionated into nonpolar, semipolar and polar fractions using hexane, ethyl acetate and buthanol. Identification and final purification of the main compound was done using column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Structure elucidation of the main compound was performed using mass spectrometry (EIMS), 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopies. The main compound was identified as (E)-(4-hydroxystyryl) trimethylammonium.Key words : isolation, structure elucidation, Axynissa aplysinoide