UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN ETANOL BUAH TIN (Ficus carica) DENGAN METODE DPPH DAN FRAP

Indonesia as a developing country has limitations in overcoming health problems. Based on the 2018 National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), the prevalence of degenerative diseases is increasing. The main cause of death was stroke (15.4%) followed by hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and tumors. One of the causes of this degenerative disease is oxidative stress, namely the large number of oxidants in the body through an oxidation process. Antioxidants are compounds that prevent or postpone oxidation reaction of a molecule by inhibiting initiation or propagation process of the chain oxidation reaction The chemical structure of antioxidants, free radical sources, and physico-chemical properties of different sample preparations can provide various antioxidant activity test results. Therefore, a selective antioxidant activity analysis method is needed for a certain type of sample. The purpose of this study was to test the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of fig fruit using the DPPH and FRAP. Methods This research was conducted using the antioxidant activity test method DPPH and FRAP. Based on the research results of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, the IC50 value of the ethanol extract of fig fruit was 121.74 μg/mL and the FRAP method obtained a value of 11.11 mgAAE/g extrac

Senyawa Antiinflamasi dari Fraksi Etil Asetat Akar Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Terhadap Udema Kaki Mencit Terinduksi Karagenan

Inflammation can occur due to insect bites, toxins, burns and blows. Inflammation can be cured using Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (OIANS). Fragrant pandan root is thought to have anti-inflammatory activity because it contains alkaloids and flavonoid compounds. This study aims to determine the activity and characteristics of anti-inflammatory compounds from extracts, fractions and isolates of ethyl acetate root of fragrant pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) against carrageenan-induced foot edema of mice. The process of isolation of fragrant pandan roots includes stages such as maceration, partitioning and chromatography. The results of the study The methanol extract had good activity at a dose of 200 mg/kg BB for a period of time (t3) 51.7%; the methanol fraction had good activity at a dose of 200 mg/kg BB in the time span (t3) 38.2%; the ethyl acetate fraction had good activity at a dose of 200 mg/kg BB over a period of time (t3) 56.9%; the dichloromethane fraction had good activity at a dose of 200 mg/kg BB in the time range (t3) 59.2%; the n-Hexane fraction had good activity at a dose of 200 mg/kg BB for a period of time (t3) 37.1%; and isolates had good activity at a dose of 50 mg/kg BB over a period of time (t3) 35.6%. K2 isolate from the ethyl acetate fraction was characterized using 1H-NMR with DMSO solvent at a frequency of 500 MHz and 13C-NMR with DMSO solvent at a frequency of 125 MHz. K2 isolate from the ethyl acetate fraction had similarities to Pandalisines A

Uji Aktivitas Penghambatan Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Senyawa dari Lima Tanaman Indonesia secara In-silico

ABSTRAKTeknik komputasi virtual screening dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi dan menjelaskan aktivitas senyawa apa yang berperan dalam penghambatan DPP-4. Lima tanaman Indonesia seperti Caesalpinia sappan, Mutingia calabura, Rheum palmatum, Ficus religiosa dan Tinospora crispa telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas penghambat dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) secara in-vitro akan tetapi belum ada penjelasan senyawa apa yang berperan terhadap aktivitas tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi dan menjelaskan senyawa-senyawa dari lima tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas penghambatan DPP-4 secara In-silico. Metode docking menggunakan perangkat lunak Molegro Virtual Docker dengan 16 protokol kombinasi pencarian algortima dan fungsi nilai. Sebelum Docking dilakukan validasi metode dengan cara redocking native ligand protein penghambat DPP-4 dengan kode PDB 3G0B, kemudian dilanjutkan docking secara bersamaan 151 senyawa dari lima tanaman Indonesia dan 1 ligan standar alogliptin dengan reseptor dipeptidy lpeptidase-4 (kode PDB: 3G0B) dengan metode docking yang valid. Hasil validasi metode menunjukkan 16 protokol kombinasi memberikan nilai RMSD < 1 Å. Hasil docking berdasarkan rerank score paling rendah dan kemiripan interaksi residu asam amino dibandingkan ligan standar Alogliptin menunjukkan tiga senyawa 6'-O-Lactoyl Borapetoside B (rerank score -99.78 kcal/mol) dan Borapoteside A (rerank score -98.76 kcal/mol) dari tanaman Tinospora crispa dan Rhaponticin (rerank score -99.37) dari tanaman Rheum Palmatum  sedangkan ligan standar Alogliptin memiliki rerank score -93.14 kcal/mol dengan interaksi residu asam amino Glu206, Glu206, Tyr547, Tyr632. Metode docking dengan mvd terbukti valid dan Physcion 8-gentiobioside, Luteolin 4'-metil eter 7-glukosida, 6'-O-Lactoyl borapetoside B, Rhaponticin dan Tinocrispol A diprediksi memiliki aktivitas penghambatan DPP-4.Kata Kunci: docking, penghambat DPP-4, Tinospora crispa, Rheum palmatu

TLC Bioautography Analysis of Sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Wood Extract Against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacteria

Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is one of the plants that is widely used in traditional medicine in Indonesia. Sappan wood is known to have several benefits, including its ability to treat several infectious diseases caused by bacteria. The aim of this research is to determine the class of active compounds that have antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis using TLC Bioautography analysis. The TLC results showed that the ethanol extract of Sappan wood contains alkaloid, flavonoid and phenol compounds. Bioautography TLC results show that the ethanol extract of Sappan wood has the potential for good antibacterial activity against the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis with Rf values of 1: 0.92, Rf 2: 0.78, Rf 3: 0.65, Rf 4: 0.50, Rf 5: 0.38, Rf 6: 0.23 and Rf 7: 0.09 for Propinibacterium acnes. And the values of Rf 1: 0.65, Rf 2: 0.50, Rf 3: 0.38, Rf 4: 0.23 and Rf 5: 0.09 for Staphylococcus epidermidis

Studi Penambatan Molekuler Senyawa Tectoquinone Terhadap Enzim α-Glukosidase

The investigation focused on conducting an in silico screening of chemical compounds isolated from Syzygium oblanceolatum (C.B.Rob) to identify potential bioactive compounds that could act as inhibitors of α-Glucosidase. This screening involved tectoquinone as the potential inhibitor for α-Glucosidase and employed the Autodock Vina Docking process. The target enzyme, α-Glucosidase, was used as the receptor with 20 binding sites on the enzyme receptor 1LWJ and the Autodock Vina program was utilized for this purpose. The values of ∆Gbind and the lowest RMSD were determined for each of the 20 targeted binding sites on 1LWJ, representing the free energy change (∆G) resulting from the docking. The docking results demonstrated that the free energy change (∆G) for the 20 targeted binding sites ranged from -6.346 kcal/mol to -9.720 kcal/mol. The most favorable free energy change (∆G) was observed at the 16th binding site with a value of -9.720 kcal/mol, while the highest was recorded at the 18th binding site with a value of -6.346 kcal/mol

ISOLATION OF SKY ROOT ENDOPHITE (Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook) PRODUCING ANTIBIOTICS DIFFERENTLY AGAR

Tunjuk Langit (Helminthostachys Zelanica (L) Hook.) is a plant with family Opioglossaceae traditionally and empirically used as antibacterial with chemical compound flavonoid and saponin. This research aims to determine antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolate of Tunjuk Langit (Helminthostachys Zelanica (L) Hook.) root on bacteria that cause gastrointestinal infections. The result of the isolation endophytic fungi against from Tunjuk Langit (Helminthostachys Zelanica (L) Hook.) root using PDA+C medium and purification isolate obtained 7 pure isolates and analysis macroscopic from 8 isolates (IFATL-01, IFATL-02, IFATL-03, IFATL-04, IFATL-05, IFATL-05, IFATL-06, IFATL-07 and IFATL-08) obtained different charasteristics. Production of secondary metabolites of isolate active (IFATL05) by fermentation unsing maltose yeast broth (MYB) obtained supernatant and miselia. Metabolites supernatant were extracted using ethyl acetat, so obtained extract ethyl acetate supernatan. The result of the antibacterial activity of isolate endophytic fungi against V. cholerae, S. dysenteriae and E. coli bacteria by Agar diffusion obtained the largest diameter of the inhibition zone in isolate IFATL-05 = 29.13 mm active against S. dysenteriae bacteria. Based on phytochemical screening

In Silico Screening Inhibitors Histamine H2 Chemical Compounds in Licorice Plants (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) Using Autodock Vina

The inquiry about on in silico screening of chemical compounds of Histamine H2 of Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), aimed to get the potential bioactive compounds found in plants The Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) as a potential inhibitor Histamine H2 with a screening in silico by Autodock Vina Docking process is carried out on enzyme Histamine H2 as receptors and 105 chemical compounds in plants Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) as ligands using Autodock Vina program. ∆Gbind value and lowest RMSD of each compound that has been in the docking taken the value of the free energy change (∆G) as a result of docking. Docking results showed that of the 105 chemical compounds of plant Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)  are all potential as inhibitors Histamine H2  with free energy change (∆G) most low at Glabrene amounted to -9.6 kcal/mol, and the highest Isotachioside amounted to -4.5 kcal/mol

Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Qust Al Hindi Plant Root (Saussurea Lappa) Against Bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by TLC-Bioautography

The Indian Costus plant (Saussurea lappa) possesses the ability as an antibacterial, which contains alkaloid compounds, whereas this study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Indian Costus plant root (Saussurea lappa). The extraction process of Indian Costus plant root simplicia (Saussurea lappa) was carried out using the Soxhlet method with 96% ethanol as a solvent, and then evaporated with a rotavapor to obtain a viscous extract. Screening tests were carried out by giving ethanol extract of Indian Costus plant root (Saussurea lappa) with a concentration of 0.1% to 2 test bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Thereafter, the Thin Layer Chromatography-Bioautography test was carried out, followed by identification of chemical compounds. The screening test results obtained showed that the ethanol extract of Indian Costus plant root (Saussurea lappa) provided activity against 2 test bacteria at a concentration of 0.1%. The Thin Layer Chromatography-Bioautography test results indicated that there were 3 spots that were formed with Rf values of 0.67, 0.60, 0.54, 0.45, 0.43 providing activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The chemical identification of ethanol extract of Indian Costus plant roots (Saussurea lappa) yeilded positive result for the presence of alkaloids. Based on the activity of the ethanol extract of Indian Costus plant root (Saussurea lappa), it is known that it has potential as an antibacterial

Antibacterial Activity of Extra Ethanol Kopasanda Leaves (Chromolaena Odorate L.) Against Pathogenic Bacteria of Urinary Tract Infection by TLC-Bioautography and Agar Diffusion

Kopasanda  (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaves are one of the plants (herbs) containing various types of secondary metabolites, including saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which function as antibacterial agents used as wound medicine for the community. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorate L.) leaves using the TLC-bioautography and diffusion methods. The results of the antibacterial activity screening test obtained the active extract at a concentration of 0.1% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of the antibacterial activity test using the TLC-Bioautography method with the eluent N-Hexane:Ethyl Acetate (4:1) showed results from Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with Rf values = 0.90, 0.78, 0.67, 0.52, 0.38, 0.27, 0.14, 0.05, and Escherichia coli bacteria with Rf values = 0.90, 0.52, 0.38, 0.27, 0.14, 0.05. Based on the results of testing the antibacterial activity with the agar diffusion method, the largest diameter of the inhibition zone at a concentration of 10% was obtained for Escherichia coli bacteria with an inhibition zone diameter of 13.59 mm, and Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone diameter of 15.52 mm