La investigación del rayo en Colombia: Parámetros del rayo, sistemas de protección, evaluación de riesgos y sistemas de alerta

This paper summarizes the most important studies on lightning phenomenonin Colombia during the last 25 years. In order to give an in-depthtreatment to specific aspects and advances in lightning research, thisreview has been divided in four sections: lightning parameters, lightningprotection systems, risk assessment and warning systems. At the end ofthe paper, the advances and challenges on lightning research in Colombiaare presented.Este artículo sintetiza los estudios más importantes sobre la investigacióndel rayo en Colombia durante los últimos 25 años. Para dar un tratamientodetallado a aspectos específicos y avances relacionados con la investigacióndel rayo, esta revisión ha sido dividida en cuatro secciones: estudio delos parámetros del rayo, sistemas de protección, evaluación de riesgosy sistemas de alerta. El artículo finaliza con avances y retos futuros quepresenta la investigación de rayos en Colombia

Structural and vibrational study of cubic Sb2O3 under high pressure

We report an experimental and theoretical study of antimony oxide (Sb 2O 3) in its cubic phase (senarmontite) under high pressure. X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements up to 18 and 25 GPa, respectively, have been complemented with ab initio total-energy and lattice-dynamics calculations. X-ray diffraction measurements do not provide evidence of a space-group symmetry change in senarmontite up to 18 GPa. However, Raman scattering measurements evidence changes in the pressure coefficients of the Raman mode frequencies at 3.5 and 10 GPa, respectively. The behavior of the Raman modes with increasing pressure up to 25 GPa is fully reproduced by the lattice-dynamics calculations in cubic Sb 2O 3. Therefore, the combined analysis of both experiments and lattice-dynamics calculations suggest the occurrence of two isostructural phase transformations at 3.5 and 10 GPa, respectively. Total-energy calculations show that the isostructural phase transformations occur through local atomic displacements in which senarmontite loses its molecular character to become a three-dimensional solid. In addition, our calculations provide evidence that cubic senarmontite cannot undergo a phase transition to orthorhombic valentinite at high pressure, and that a phase transition to a ß-Bi 2O 3-type structure is possible above 25 GPa. © 2012 American Physical Society.Financial support from the Spanish Consolider Ingenio 2010 Program (Project No. CDS2007-00045) is acknowledged. The work was also supported by Spanish MICCIN under Projects No. CTQ2009-14596-C02-01 and No. MAT2010-21270-C04-01/04 as well as from Comunidad de Madrid and European Social Fund, S2009/PPQ-1551 4161893 (QUIMAPRES) and from Vicerrectorado de Investigacion de la Universitat Politecnica de Valencia under projects UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11. Spanish Fundacio Bancaixa Project No. P1-1A2009-08 and Brazilian Capes/Fundacion Carolina (BEX 3939/10-3) are also acknowledged.Pereira, ALJ.; Gracia, L.; Santamaría-Pérez, D.; Vilaplana Cerda, RI.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Errandonea, D.; Nalin, M.... (2012). Structural and vibrational study of cubic Sb2O3 under high pressure. Physical Review B. 85(17):174108-1-174108-11. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.174108S174108-1174108-118517Youk, J. H., Kambour, R. P., & MacKnight, W. J. (2000). Polymerization of Ethylene Terephthalate Cyclic Oligomers with Antimony Trioxide†. Macromolecules, 33(10), 3594-3599. doi:10.1021/ma991838dZabinski, J. S., Donley, M. S., & McDevitt, N. T. (1993). Mechanistic study of the synergism between Sb2O3 and MoS2 lubricant systems using Raman spectroscopy. Wear, 165(1), 103-108. doi:10.1016/0043-1648(93)90378-yGhosh, A., & Chakravorty, D. (1991). Transport properties of semiconducting CuO-Sb2O3-P2O5glasses. 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Calibration of the ruby pressure gauge to 800 kbar under quasi-hydrostatic conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(B5), 4673. doi:10.1029/jb091ib05p04673Rodríguez-Carvajal, J. (1993). Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 192(1-2), 55-69. doi:10.1016/0921-4526(93)90108-iErrandonea, D., Santamaria-Perez, D., Bondarenko, T., & Khyzhun, O. (2010). New high-pressure phase of HfTiO4 and ZrTiO4 ceramics. Materials Research Bulletin, 45(11), 1732-1735. doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2010.06.061Errandonea, D., Santamaria-Perez, D., Achary, S. N., Tyagi, A. K., Gall, P., & Gougeon, P. (2011). High-pressure x-ray diffraction study of CdMoO4 and EuMoO4. Journal of Applied Physics, 109(4), 043510-043510-5. doi:10.1063/1.3553850Stroppa, D. G., Montoro, L. A., Beltrán, A., Conti, T. G., da Silva, R. O., Andrés, J., … Ramirez, A. J. (2009). Unveiling the Chemical and Morphological Features of Sb−SnO2Nanocrystals by the Combined Use of High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy and ab Initio Surface Energy Calculations. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131(40), 14544-14548. doi:10.1021/ja905896uBecke, A. D. (1993). Density‐functional thermochemistry. III. The role of exact exchange. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 98(7), 5648-5652. doi:10.1063/1.464913Lee, C., Yang, W., & Parr, R. G. (1988). Development of the Colle-Salvetti correlation-energy formula into a functional of the electron density. Physical Review B, 37(2), 785-789. doi:10.1103/physrevb.37.785Beltrán, A., Gracia, L., & Andrés, J. (2006). Density Functional Theory Study of the Brookite Surfaces and Phase Transitions between Natural Titania Polymorphs. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110(46), 23417-23423. doi:10.1021/jp0643000Grimme, S. (2006). Semiempirical GGA-type density functional constructed with a long-range dispersion correction. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 27(15), 1787-1799. doi:10.1002/jcc.20495Bučko, T., Hafner, J., Lebègue, S., & Ángyán, J. G. (2010). Improved Description of the Structure of Molecular and Layered Crystals: Ab Initio DFT Calculations with van der Waals Corrections. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 114(43), 11814-11824. doi:10.1021/jp106469xBirch, F. (1952). Elasticity and constitution of the Earth’s interior. Journal of Geophysical Research, 57(2), 227-286. doi:10.1029/jz057i002p00227Whitten, A. E., Dittrich, B., Spackman, M. A., Turner, P., & Brown, T. C. (2004). Charge density analysis of two polymorphs of antimony(iii) oxide. Dalton Transactions, (1), 23. doi:10.1039/b312550eKroumova, E., Aroyo, M. I., Perez-Mato, J. M., Kirov, A., Capillas, C., Ivantchev, S., & Wondratschek, H. (2003). Bilbao Crystallographic Server : Useful Databases and Tools for Phase-Transition Studies. Phase Transitions, 76(1-2), 155-170. doi:10.1080/0141159031000076110Cody, C. 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Innovación en la enseñanza de la Interacción Persona-Ordenador: interfaces imaginadas, ciencia-ficción y trabajo con usuarios reales [Innovation in teaching Human-Computer Interaction: imagined interfaces, sci-fi and working with real users]

La idea de las interfaces imaginadas y el uso de los recursos y contenidos recogidos en obras de ciencia ficción no es nuevo en la búsqueda de motivación, temáticas e inspiración en el mundo de la informática. La historia del cine y la televisión, en multitud de obras que se podrían adscribir al género de la Ciencia-Ficción, han mostrado a los espectadores imaginativas formas de satisfacer necesidades humanas a través de la intervención de poderosas máquinas dotadas de inteligencia artificial que se comunicaban con las personas de muy diversas formas. En este artículo se presenta una experiencia de innovación docente para la asignatura Interacción Persona-Ordenador del Grado en Ingeniería Informática. En esta experiencia se utiliza este concepto de interfaces imaginadas y el trabajo con usuarios reales como base para incrementar la motivación y el aprendizaje de la asignatura por parte de los estudiantes. Estos conceptos y formas de trabajo se aplican a través de la adaptación de los trabajos prácticos a sus preferencias temáticas y contexto personal, o trabajando con usuarios reales en todas aquellas prácticas que lo permitan, de modo que se pueda llegar a un contexto práctico quasi-real que mejore el aprendizaje y los resultados. [The idea of imagined interfaces and the use of resources and content related to sci-fi is not new in the search for motivation, topics or inspiration in computer sciences. In the history of cinema and TV, a lot of works that could be ascribed to the science-fiction genre, have shown to the spectator imaginative ways of satisfying human needs through the intervention of powerful machines equipped with artificial intelligence that communicate with the people in many ways. This paper presents an experience of teaching innovation for the Human-Computer Interaction subject within the Degree in Computer Engineering. This experience uses this concept of imagined interfaces and work with real users as a basis to increase students' motivation and learning results through the adaptation of practical work to their topic preferences and personal context; as well as through working with real users in all practical assignments proposed in the subject, in order to provide to the students a quasi-real practical context that could improves learning and its results.

Experimental and theoretical investigations on structural and vibrational properties of melilite-type Sr2ZnGe2O7 at high pressure and delineation of a high pressure monoclinic phase

"This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Inorganic Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00937"We report a combined experimental and theoretical study of melilite-type germanate, Sr2ZnGe2O7, under compression. In situ high-pressure X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements up to 22 GPa were complemented with first-principles theoretical calculations of structural and lattice dynamics properties. Our experiments show that the tetragonal structure of Sr2ZnGe2O7 at ambient conditions transforms reversibly to a monoclinic phase above 12.2 Gpa with similar to 1% volume drop at the phase transition pressure. Density functional calculations indicate the transition pressure at, similar to 13 GPa, which agrees well with the experimental value. The structure of the high-pressure monoclinic phase is closely related to the ambient pressure phase and results from a displacive-type phase transition. Equations of state of both tetragonal and monoclinic phases are reported. Both of the phases show anisotropic compressibility with a larger compressibility in the direction perpendicular to the [ZnGe2O7](2-) sheets than along the sheets. Raman-active phonons of both the tetragonal and monoclinic phases and their pressure dependences were also determined. Tentative assignments of the Raman modes of the tetragonal phase were discussed in the light of lattice dynamics calculations. A possible irreversible second phase transition to a highly disordered or amorphous state is detected in Raman scattering measurements above 21 GPa.Research supported by the Spanish government MINECO under Grant Nos. MAT and CSD2007-00045 and MAT2013-46649-C4-1/2/3-P. S.N.A. acknowledges the support provided by Universitat de Valencia during his visit there.Achary, SN.; Errandonea, D.; Santamaría-Pérez, D.; Gomis, O.; Patwe, SJ.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Rodríguez Hernández, P.... (2015). Experimental and theoretical investigations on structural and vibrational properties of melilite-type Sr2ZnGe2O7 at high pressure and delineation of a high pressure monoclinic phase. Inorganic Chemistry. 54(13):6594-6605. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00937S65946605541

The ISJ 3D brace, a providence brace evolution, as a surgery prevention method in idiopathic scoliosis

Producción CientíficaBackground: The high incidence of idiopathic scoliosis worldwide as well as the serious health problems it can cause in adulthood, make it necessary to seek effective treatments to prevent the progression of the disease to more aggressive treatments such as surgery and improve patients’ quality of life. The use of night braces, besides a less severe influence on the patient’s quality of life, is effective in stopping the progression of the curve in idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: A longitudinal study was performed with an experimental population of 108 participants who attended orthotic treatment at the University Hospital of Barcelona, with ages between 4 and 15 years old, with a main curvature greater than 25 degrees and a Risser between 0 and 3. The participants received treatment with Providence ISJ-3D night braces until their pubertal change (mean duration of 2.78 years for males and 1.97 years for females). Results: The implementation of night-time orthotic treatment in children with idiopathic scoliosis is effective in slowing the progression of the curve and in the prevention of more aggressive treatments such as surgery, maintaining the patient’s quality of life. Conclusions: The use of night braces is efficacious in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis, although new studies including more sociodemographic data as well as curves from 20 degrees of progression are necessary

LIFE Adaptamed Layman’s Report. Action E13. LIFE14 CCA/ES/000612

Aguas de Font Vella y Lanjaró

Evolucionando la interacción persona-ordenador mediante el cine y la ciencia ficción

Memoria ID-0116. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018

Recogida y análisis de evidencias de aprendizaje en el contexto de Studium

Memoria ID-0281. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015