113 research outputs found
Cochonilhas ocorrentes em cafezais de RondĂŽnia.
A cochonilha Ă© uma praga que provoca grandes prejuĂzos Ă cafeicultura no Estado de RondĂŽnia. Este trabalho reĂșne informaçÔes sobre as principais espĂ©cies encontradas em RondĂŽnia, assim como os prejuĂzos causados, o controle biolĂłgico e o controle quĂmico para combater esta praga.bitstream/item/24748/1/ct110-cochonilhas.pd
CrisomelĂdeos associados Ă s culturas do feijĂŁo comum (Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) e melancia (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakail) em RondĂŽnia.
O presente trabalho visou avaliar a diversidade de crisomelĂdeos-praga associados Ă s culturas do feijĂŁo comum (Phaseolus vulgaris (L. ) e melancia [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai], em RondĂŽnia. A coleta de insetos foi realizada semanalmente. Os espĂ©cimes presentes foram observados em microscĂłpio estereoscĂłpico, contados e classificados em morfoespĂ©cies de acordo com as suas caracterĂsticas morfolĂłgicas. Posteriormente, foi realizada a identificação das espĂ©cies. Dos 1876 insetos coletados, 957 foram encontrados na cultura do feijĂŁo e 919 na melancia. Os exemplares foram agrupados em 19 espĂ©cies pertencentes a duas subfamilias de Crysomelidae. Foram encontradas 13 espĂ©cies comuns Ă s duas culturas. Na cultura da melancia a espĂ©cie dominante foi Acalymma sp1 (61%), enquanto que no feijĂŁo foi Cerotoma arcuata com abundĂąncia de 78%. A maior riqueza foi registrada na cultura do feijĂŁo que apresentou 17 espĂ©cies.bitstream/item/24658/1/bpd42-crisomelideos.pd
Estratégias de controle para Boophilus Microplus no estado de RondÎnia: resultados preliminares.
Esta publicação tem como objetivo mostrar as estratégias de controle para Boophilus microplus no estado de RondÎnia
Atividade inseticida do Ăłleo essencial de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi sobre Acanthoscelides obtectus Say e Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do óleo essencial de folhas de Schinus terebinthifolius sobre Acanthoscelides obtectus e Zabrotes subfasciatus. O óleo essencial foi obtido por arraste a vapor e dissolvido em acetona, nas diluiçÔes 10-2; 10-3; 10-4; 10-5; 10-6; 10-7 e 10-8 (v/v). Adicionou-se 1,0 mL destas soluçÔes a placas de Petri de 9,0 cm de diùmetro, contendo papel de filtro esterilizado. Como controle, utilizou-se 1,0 mL de acetona. Após a evaporação da acetona, cinco insetos adultos foram colocados por placa, em quatro repetiçÔes, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Avaliou-se a mortalidade dos insetos após 24 e 48 horas. Obteve-se 100% de mortalidade de A. obtectus em 48 horas nas diluiçÔes do óleo 10-2; 10-3; 10-4; 10-5; 10-6; 10-7. No controle, a mortalidade atingiu 30% em 48 horas. Com relação a Z. subfasciatus, apenas as diluiçÔes 10-2 e 10-3 provocaram 100% de mortalidade, após 24 e 48 horas, enquanto no controle obteve-se 25% de mortalidade, em 48 horas. Este estudo evidencia a atividade inseticida do óleo essencial de S. terebinthifolius, o que sugere o seu potencial no controle dos insetos estudados.bitstream/CPAF-RO-2009-09/12172/1/bpd48_oleoessenciall.pd
Polarity in GaN and ZnO: Theory, measurement, growth, and devices
This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Appl. Phys. Rev. 3, 041303 (2016) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4963919.The polar nature of the wurtzite crystalline structure of GaN and ZnO results in the existence of a spontaneous electric polarization within these materials and their associated alloys (Ga,Al,In)N and (Zn,Mg,Cd)O. The polarity has also important consequences on the stability of the different crystallographic surfaces, and this becomes especially important when considering epitaxial growth. Furthermore, the internal polarization fields may adversely affect the properties of optoelectronic devices but is also used as a potential advantage for advanced electronic devices. In this article, polarity-related issues in GaN and ZnO are reviewed, going from theoretical considerations to electronic and optoelectronic devices, through thin film, and nanostructure growth. The necessary theoretical background is first introduced and the stability of the cation and anion polarity surfaces is discussed. For assessing the polarity, one has to make use of specific characterization methods, which are described in detail. Subsequently, the nucleation and growth mechanisms of thin films and nanostructures, including nanowires, are presented, reviewing the specific growth conditions that allow controlling the polarity of such objects. Eventually, the demonstrated and/or expected effects of polarity on the properties and performances of optoelectronic and electronic devices are reported. The present review is intended to yield an in-depth view of some of the hot topics related to polarity in GaN and ZnO, a fast growing subject over the last decade
Adjustable Intragastric Balloons: A 12-Month Pilot Trial in Endoscopic Weight Loss Management
Intragastric balloons are associated with (1) early period intolerance, (2) diminished effect within 3â4Â months, and (3) bowel obstruction risk mandating removal at 6Â months. The introduction of an adjustable balloon could improve comfort and offer greater efficacy. A migration prevention function, safely enabling prolonged implantation, could improve efficacy and weight maintenance post-extraction. The first implantations of an adjustable balloon with an attached migration prevention anchor are reported. The primary endpoint was the absence of bowel perforation, obstruction, or hemorrhage. Eighteen patients with mean BMI of 37.3 were implanted with the Spatz Adjustable Balloon system (ABS) for 12Â months. Balloon volumes were adjusted for intolerance or weight loss plateau. Mean weight loss at 24Â weeks was 15.6Â kg with 26.4% EWL (percent of excess weight loss) and 24.4Â kg with 48.8% EWL at 52Â weeks. Sixteen adjustments were successfully performed. Six downward adjustments alleviated intolerance, yielding additional mean weight loss of 4.6Â kg. Ten upward adjustments for weight loss plateau yielded a mean additional weight loss of 7Â kg. Seven balloons were removed prematurely. Complications necessitating early removal included valve malfunction (1), gastritis (1), MalloryâWeiss tear (1), NSAID (2Ă dose/2Â weeks) perforating ulcer (1), and balloon deflation (1). Two incidents of catheter shear from the chain: one passed uneventfully and one caused an esophageal laceration without perforation during extraction. The Spatz ABS has been successfully implanted in 18 patients. (1) Upward adjustments yielded additional weight loss. (2) Downward adjustments alleviated intolerance, with continued weight loss. (3) Preliminary 1-year implantation results are encouraging
Multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis reveals multiple introductions in Spain of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. Pruni, the causal agent of bacterial spot disease of stone fruits and almond
Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni is the causal agent of the bacterial spot disease of stone fruits, almond and some ornamental Prunus species. In Spain it was first detected in 2002 and since then, several outbreaks have occurred in different regions affecting mainly Japanese plum, peach and almond, both in commercial orchards and nurseries. As the origin of the introduction(s) was unknown, we have assessed the genetic diversity of 239 X. arboricola pv. pruni strains collected from 11 Spanish provinces from 2002 to 2013 and 25 reference strains from international collections. We have developed an optimized multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) scheme targeting 18 microsatellites and five minisatellites. A high discriminatory power was achieved since almost 50% of the Spanish strains were distinguishable, confirming the usefulness of this genotyping technique at small spatio-temporal scales. Spanish strains grouped in 18 genetic clusters (conservatively delineated so that each cluster contained haplotype networks linked by up to quadruple-locus variations). Furthermore, pairwise comparisons among populations from different provinces showed a strong genetic differentiation. Our results suggest multiple introductions of this pathogen in Spain and redistribution through contaminated nursery propagative plant material
Six Months of Balloon Treatment does Not Predict the Success of Gastric Banding
BACKGROUND: We studied whether weight loss by intragastric balloon would predict the outcome of subsequent gastric banding with regard to weight loss and BMI reduction. METHODS: A prospective cohort of patients with a body mass index (BMI)>40 kg/m(2) received an intragastric balloon for 6 months followed by laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). Successful balloon-induced weight loss was defined as > or =10% weight loss after 6 months. Successful surgical weight loss was defined as an additional 15% weight loss in the following 12 months. Patients were divided in group A, losing > or =10% of their initial weight with 6 months' balloon treatment, and group B, losing <10% of their initial weight. RESULTS: In 40 patients (32 female, 8 male; age 36.6 yr, range 26-54), the mean BMI decreased from 46.5 to 40.5 kg/m(2) (P <0.001) after 6 months of balloon treatment and to 35.2 kg/m(2) (P <0.001) 12 months after LAGB. Group A (25 patients) and group B (15 patients) had a significant difference in BMI decrease, 12.4 vs 9.0 kg/m(2) (P <0.05), after the total study duration of 18 months. However, there was no difference in BMI reduction (4.7 kg/m(2) vs 5.8 kg/m(2)) in the 12 months after LAGB. 6 patients in group A lost > or =10% of their starting weight during 6 months balloon treatment as well as > or =15% 12 months following LAGB. 6 patients in group B lost <10% of their starting weight after 6 months of BIB, but also lost > or =15% 12 months following LAGB. CONCLUSION: Intragastric balloon did not predict the success of subsequent LAG
Building connectomes using diffusion MRI: why, how and but
Why has diffusion MRI become a principal modality for mapping connectomes in vivo? How do different image acquisition parameters, fiber tracking algorithms and other methodological choices affect connectome estimation? What are the main factors that dictate the success and failure of connectome reconstruction? These are some of the key questions that we aim to address in this review. We provide an overview of the key methods that can be used to estimate the nodes and edges of macroscale connectomes, and we discuss open problems and inherent limitations. We argue that diffusion MRI-based connectome mapping methods are still in their infancy and caution against blind application of deep white matter tractography due to the challenges inherent to connectome reconstruction. We review a number of studies that provide evidence of useful microstructural and network properties that can be extracted in various independent and biologically-relevant contexts. Finally, we highlight some of the key deficiencies of current macroscale connectome mapping methodologies and motivate future developments
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