A holographic model of reminiscence in the poetry of Czesław Miłosz

For a model of nostalgic memory in the poetry of Czesław Miłosz, based on the psychological phenomenon of reminiscence, an allegoric counterpart can be identified in the hologram metaphor (Douwe Draaisma). The question: “Who am I” – reappears in Miłosz’s late lyrical poetry when he ponders over both his biography and the biographies of others. The response is provided, for instance, in the concept of human dialectic biography (of subject and object), formulated by Paul Ricoeur in his philosophical analyses. Human memory remains equally dialectic, placed in the antinomy between memory and oblivion. Still, retrieving a detail which has been remembered evokes all experience along with its rich context. That is the holographic effect, described in literature as the “ghost image”. Also in poetry, the effacing of memory trace does not make a barrier for the restitution of recollection. “The Sun of Memory” beams through the lyric of the author of the collection of poems “This”

Z Kresów do Poznania. Mikrohistoria Waldemara Żyszkiewicza

The article focuses on a description of political events in the 20th century Poland which were reflected in the poetry of Waldemar Żyszkiewicz. An important topic is a migration of the Polish over the period 1944-1947. His poetry, though conforms to the discourse of nostalgia, does not evoke the images of the lost Lvov. Poems raise the theme of settling down by deportees from Kresy Wschodnie (Eastern borderlands) in Poznan, an area were German culture was cultivated. The theoretical inspiration for the article was provided above all by two monographs by Beata Halicka “Polski Dziki Zachód” (“The Polish Wild West”, 2016) and by Ewa Domańska “Mikrohistorie” (Microstories, 1999).Artykuł przynosi omówienie wydarzeń politycznych w Polsce w XX wieku zarejestrowane w poezji Waldemara Żyszkiewicza. Ważnym tematem jest zjawisko migracji Polaków z lat: 1944-1947. Poezja ta, mimo że wpisuje się w dyskurs nostalgii, nie przynosi obrazów utraconego Lwowa. Wiersze poruszają temat osiedlenia się przez wysiedleńców z Kresów Wschodnich w Poznaniu, w obcym dla nich mieście, nacechowanym niemiecką kulturą. Inspiracją teoretyczną dla artykułu były przede wszystkim monografie: Beaty Halickiej Polski Dziki Zachód (2016) oraz Ewy Domańskiej Mikrohistorie (1999)

Colours of poetry (based on Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński’s lyric poetry)

The article presents the category of colour in modern Polish poetry, and based on an interpretation of Ewa Górecka’s book, Konstatnego Ildefonsa Gałczyńskiego gry barwą z wyobraźnią i kulturą [Colours as Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński’s Play with Imagination and Culture]. The colour palette in Gałczyński’s poetry includes golden, silver, green, blue, red and black. Culture was an inspiration for the poet, but he didn’t avoid entering into dialogue with it, establishing the meanings of colours in his writing. The colours present in Gałczyński’s lyric poetry also indicate the changes in his poetic language. The way in which the poet uses them in his early works differs from their use in those created after 1945

Traumatyczna pamięć Wacława Iwaniuka

Although the term “trauma” has recently been a bit abused, it is very well justified with regard to the poetry of Wacław Iwaniuk. Literary transformation of the biography of the author of “The Mirror” (World War II soldier serving on the front, prisoner of war and liberator of concentration camps in Germany) is realised within the “autobiographic space” of Ph. Lejeune. The war trauma is revealed in Iwaniuk’s literary output in the flashes of memory. Persistent reappearance of war scenes has been conveyed by the poet in a series of oneiric images. The metaphor of “a wound” (P. Ricoeur, R. Nycz) refers also to the post-war experience of a political exile. Wacław Iwaniuk lived outside Poland since 1939 and in 1948 he settled in Canada where he stayed till his death in 2001.Although the term “trauma” has recently been a bit abused, it is very well justified with regard to the poetry of Wacław Iwaniuk. Literary transformation of the biography of the author of “The Mirror” (World War II soldier serving on the front, prisoner of war and liberator of concentration camps in Germany) is realised within the “autobiographic space” of Ph. Lejeune. The war trauma is revealed in Iwaniuk’s literary output in the flashes of memory. Persistent reappearance of war scenes has been conveyed by the poet in a series of oneiric images. The metaphor of “a wound” (P. Ricoeur, R. Nycz) refers also to the post-war experience of a political exile. Wacław Iwaniuk lived outside Poland since 1939 and in 1948 he settled in Canada where he stayed till his death in 2001

POZNAŃ WALDEMARA ŻYSZKIEWICZA

The article focuses on the theoretical works of Douwe Draaisma, Tomasz Maruszewski and Małgorzata Czermińska. Żyszkiewicz’s poems revolve around the theme of deportees from Lvov settling down after WWII in Poznań, an area where German culture was cultivated. In the poems, a connection is made between the poet’s memory and specific features of the city’s topography.The article focuses on the theoretical works of Douwe Draaisma, Tomasz Maruszewski and Małgorzata Czermińska. Żyszkiewicz’s poems revolve around the theme of deportees from Lvov settling down after WWII in Poznań, an area where German culture was cultivated. In the poems, a connection is made between the poet’s memory and specific features of the city’s topography

Granice pamięci. O poezji Wisławy Szymborskiej

The limits of memory. The poetry of Wisława Szymborska The article was inspired by the books by Douwe Draaisma and the theory by Sigmund Freud. The category “autobiographical memory” refers to an individual’s personal past. The key term in this analysis is the phrase “work of funeral” coined by Sigmund Freud. Funeral poems referring to autobiographic experience of the poet have been discussed. Representation of personal loss in Szymborska's poetry refers to oneiric poetics

Nostalgia w poezji Stanisława Barańczaka

The article Nostalgia in Stanisław Barańczak’s Poetry was inspired by Douwe Draaisma’s essay, a Dutch psychology theoretician, The Fabric of Nostalgia. About the Phenomenon of Mature Memory’s Age (2010). This model of nostalgia is based on the psychological phenomenon of memory reminiscence. The article presents the evolution of theme of nostalgia in Barańczak’s poetry

Traumatic memory of Wacław Iwaniuk

Although the term “trauma” has recently been a bit abused, it is very well justified with regard to the poetry of Wacław Iwaniuk. Literary transformation of the biography of the author of “The Mirror” (World War II soldier serving on the front, prisoner of war and liberator of concentration camps in Germany) is realised within the “autobiographic space” of Ph. Lejeune. The war trauma is revealed in Iwaniuk’s literary output in the flashes of memory. Persistent reappearance of war scenes has been conveyed by the poet in a series of oneiric images. The metaphor of “a wound” (P. Ricoeur, R. Nycz) refers also to the post-war experience of a political exile. Wacław Iwaniuk lived outside Poland since 1939 and in 1948 he settled in Canada where he stayed till his death in 2001

Hereditary alpha tryptasemia: literature overview on the genetic trait and its clinical manifestations

Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia (HαT) is a genetic condition characterized by an increased number of copies of the TPSAB1 gene, resultingin elevated basal serum tryptase levels and an increased risk of anaphylaxis, especially in individuals with IgE-dependent allergies orsystemic mastocytosis. The severity of clinical symptoms can vary and is influenced by the number of extra TPSAB1 gene copies, suggestinga gene-dose effect. Approximately two-thirds of individuals with HαT show minimal or no symptoms. The remaining individuals withHαT may present with Hymenoptera venom allergy, flushing, urticarial/angioedema, irritable bowel syndrome, gastrointestinal reflux,hypermobility, neuropsychiatric symptoms and dysautonomia.Recent studies revealed that α-tryptase which forms complexes with β-tryptase activate protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) receptors.Activation of these receptors may lead to hypotension, muscle contraction, inflammation, and trigger neuropeptide secretion, and inconsequence, result in mast cell degranulation. This cycle of activation and degranulation may potentially contribute to the developmentof mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS).Mast cell activation syndromes are defined by systemic, severe and recurrent mast cell activations, usually in the form of anaphylaxis. Hereditary/familial MCAS is a specific subtype of MCAS, which is associated with HαT.Diagnostic work-up for HαT includes determination of basal serum tryptase level and the presence of additional TPSAB1 gene copiesusing droplet digital polymerase chain reaction.Further research is needed, to explore the relationship between HαT and MCAS, as well as to determine if there is a distinct form ofhereditary MCAS which is independent of HαT. These investigations aim to improve diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies forindividuals with HαT, enhancing their management and overall quality of life