A Continuous-Time Model of the Term Structure of Interest Rates with Fiscal-Monetary Policy Interactions

We study the term structure implications of the fiscal theory of price level determination. We introduce the intertemporal budget constraint of the government in a general equilibrium model in continuous time. Fiscal policy is set according to a simple rule whereby taxes react proportionally to real debt. We show how to solve for the prices of real and nominal zero coupon bonds.Bond Pricing; Fiscal Policy; Mathematical Methods

A continuous-time model of the term structure of interest rates with fiscal-monetary policy interactions

We study the term structure implications of the fiscal theory of price level determination. We introduce the intertemporal budget constraint of the government in a general equilibrium model in continuous time. Fiscal policy is set according to a simple rule whereby taxes react proportionally to real debt. We show how to solve for the prices of real and nominal zero coupon bonds.bond pricing; fiscal policy; mathematical methods

Financing Sustainable Energy Transition with Algorithmic Energy Tokens

Financing energy firms and catalyzing the energy transition are pivotal for achieving a sustainable future. In this era of increasing environmental consciousness, banks are incorporating environmental considerations into their credit rating methodologies, like the Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financial Guidelines. In the meantime, the advent of digital tokens offers new avenues for energy token creation. This study establishes a factor model as the fundamental framework for algorithmic energy tokens and employs gradient-boosting tree regression to examine energy price drivers in Italy and Austria. The results underscore the heightened motivation to invest in energy transition and security during periods of elevated energy prices. Conversely, the drive to invest in clean energy sources diminishes when operational profits are low or energy security must be maintained. This research elucidates on an innovative financing solution that handles these dynamics, produces momentum, and focuses special emphasis on its potential for implementing environmental policies by developing an algorithmic energy token mechanism based on environmental regulations and considerations

Ocorrência de incontinência urinária em cadelas castradas no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Anhembi-Morumbi, São Paulo, Brasil

Incontinência urinária (IU) pode ocorrer após castração de cadelas, quando há diminuição nos níveis circulantes de hormônios esteroides e aumento nos de gonadotrofinas, além de alteração funcional no esfíncter uretral. Para determinar a ocorrência da IU em cadelas castradas no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Anhembi-Morumbi, os prontuários de cadelas esterilizadas no período 2002-2009 foram analisados de agosto de 2010 a março de 2011. Foi feito contato telefônico com os proprietários para investigar um possível desenvolvimento de IU após a castração. Nesse período, foram contatados osproprietários de 227 cadelas. Destas, 73 (32,2%) vieram a óbito sem sintoma de IU pós-castração, 146 (64,3%) não apresentaram IU e oito (3,5%) desenvolveram IU no período de 3,8 ± 1,6 anos após castração