Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y su aplicación actual en las bibliotecas andaluzas

Trabajo que emana de la IV Jornadas Técnicas de Bibliotecas, analizando los 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible(ODS) y sus 169 metas para hacerlos posibles se recogen tres ejes en los que se encuentran la sostenibilidad económica, la social y la ambiental. Se revisan los 17 ODS y su aplicación en las Bibliotecas de Andalucía

Educación para la ciudadanía como educación para lo público

El panorama actual en Colombia convoca a la reflexión sobre las condiciones sociales,económicas, educativas y políticas internas. El conflicto interno que ha vivido el paísdurante años y la posibilidad del postconflicto exige transformaciones en cada uno delos ámbitos antes mencionados. En este sentido, asumir una posición responsable es un deberpara cada ciudadano, si quiere actuar consecuentemente con tal condición; resulta, entonces,tanto o más importante aún, que se tome como objeto de estudio la ciudadanía y el papel delciudadano en el ámbito de lo público, ya que ello permitirá develar las características propiasdel sujeto político con el que se cuenta y el que se necesita

Psychosocial aspects of celiac disease in Spain: A life free of gluten

Objetivo: La celiaquía como enfermedad crónica tiene una alta prevalencia en nuestra sociedad. El artículo analiza los aspectos psicosociales de la enfermedad celíaca en los diferentes entornos, valorando el impacto de la implantación de una dieta estricta libre de gluten. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo entre los meses de Enero del 2013 a Abril del 2013 en el cual, a través de la teoría fundamentada y el análisis de contenido, se ha profundizado en el análisis de las entrevistas semiestructuradas a personas con enfermedad celíaca en España. Se realizaron llamamientos a traves de las redes sociales y grupos de celíacos hasta llegar a la saturación teórica, que determinó el tamaño final de la muestra de 24 personas. Resultados: Educación Sanitaria, Aislamiento social, soledad y desconocimiento social emergieron como categorías centrales en la experiencia de adopción de la dieta libre de gluten a partir del diagnóstico de celiaquía. Conclusión: Los profesionales deben promover y apoyar estrategias de apoyo social basadas en una comprensión íntegra de las experiencias de desarraigo y marginación que los pacientes celíacos experimentan en sus relaciones sociales a través de la comida. Se requiere un aumento de la educación sanitaria para entender e integrar el impacto psicosocial del diagnóstico de celiaquía y la dieta libre de gluten.Objective: Celiac disease is a chronic disease which has a high prevalence in our society. The aim of this paper is to explore the process of adapting the celiac in different social environments, assessing the impact of the implementation of a strict gluten-free diet. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out in the months of January 2013 to April 2013 through which the grounded theory and content analysis have deepened the analysis of semi-structured interviews with people with celiac disease in Spain. Appeals via social networks and celiac groups were conducted in order to reach theoretical saturation, which determined the final sample size of 24 people. Results: Social isolation, loneliness and social ignorance are some of the categories that have emerged when we talk about celiac disease and the gluten-free diet. Conclusion: Professionals should promote and support social support strategies based on an integrated understanding of the experiences of displacement and marginalization that celiac patients experience in their social relationships through food. There should be increased health education to understand and integrate the psychosocial impact of the diagnosis of celiac disease and the gluten-free diet

La autonomía en el Instituto de Educación a Distancia, IDEAD - UT

La autonomía, la libertad, la capacidad crítica, el trabajo colaborativo, el aprendizaje autónomo, el aprender a aprender, entre otros elementos categoriales, forman parte del metalenguaje de la educación a distancia, en el que están inmersos estudiantes, docentes y en general toda la comunidad académica. Ello hace necesario someter a reflexión permanente cada uno de ellos. Para efectos del presente trabajo nos centraremos en el que consideramos el principio común y quizá el más importante dentro de los procesos de formación a distancia: el principio de la autonomía. En primer lugar se hará una reflexión desde tres autores, a saber: Sócrates, Kant y el filósofo colombiano Germán Vargas, este último inspirado en las tendencias posestructuralistas de la formación, miradas desde las cuales se hará el análisis del ejercicio investigativo. En segundo lugar, siguiendo el método descriptivo exploratorio, mostraremos lo que consideran y ponen en funcionamiento como autonomía los docentes del IDEAD, para lo cual se tuvo en cuenta el punto de vista de profesores de planta y catedráticos, directamente relacionados con la formación de los tutores

Local electric field enhancement at the heterojunction of Si/SiGe axially heterostructured nanowires under laser illumination

Producción CientíficaWe present a phenomenon concerning the electric eld enhancement at the heterojunction region of axially heterostructured Si/SiGe nanowires when the nanowire is illuminated by a focused laser beam. The electric eld is sensed by micro Raman spectroscopy, which permits to reveal the enhancement of the Raman signal arising from the heterojunction region; the Raman signal per unit volume increases at least 10 times with respect to the homogeneous Si, and SiGe nanowire segments. In order to explore the physical meaning of this phenomenon, a 3-dimensional solution of the Maxwell equations of the interaction between the focused laser beam and the nanowire was carried out by nite element methods. A local enhancement of the electric eld at the heterojunction was deduced; however, the magnitude of the electromagnetic eld enhancement only approaches the experimental one when the free carriers are considered, showing enhanced absorption at the carrier depleted heterojunction region. The existence of this e ect promises a way to improve the photon harvesting using axially heterostructured semiconductor NWs.Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA302U13

Health-related quality of life and determinant factors in celiac disease. A population-based analysis of adult patients in Spain

Background: Celiac disease (CD) has a negative impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of affected patients. Although HRQL and its determinants have been examined in Spanish CD patients specifically recruited in hospital settings, these aspects of CD have not been assessed among the general Spanish population. Methods: An observational, transversal study of a non-randomized, representative sample of adult celiac patients throughout all of Spain's Autonomous Regions. Subjects were recruited through celiac patient associations. A Spanish version of the self-administered Celiac Disease-Quality of Life (CD-QOL) questionnaire was used. Determinant factors of HRQL were assessed with the aid of multivariate analysis to control for confounding factors. Results: We analyzed the responses provided by 1,230 patients, 1,092 (89.2%) of whom were women. The overall mean value for the CD-QOL index was 56.3 ± 18.27 points. The dimension that obtained the most points was dysphoria, with 81.3 ± 19.56 points, followed by limitations with 52.3 ± 23.43 points; health problems, with 51.6 ± 26.08 points, and inadequate treatment, with 36.1 ± 21.18 points. Patient age and sex, along with time to diagnosis, and length of time on a gluten-free diet were all independent determinant factors of certain dimensions of HRQL: women aged 31 to 40 expressed poorer HRQL while time to diagnosis and length of time on a gluten-free diet were determinant factors for better HRQL scores. Conclusions: The HRQL of adult Spanish celiac subjects is moderate, improving with the length of time patients remain on a gluten-free diet

Mechanisms driving the catastrophic optical damage in high power laser diodes

Producción CientíficaThe catastrophic optical damage (COD) of laser diodes consists of the sudden drop off of the optical power. COD is generally associated with a thermal runaway mechanism in which the active zone of the laser is molten in a positive feedback process. The full sequence of the degradation follows different phases: in the first phase, a weak zone of the laser is incubated and the temperature is locally increased there; when a critical temperature is reached the thermal runaway process takes place. Usually, the positive feedback leading to COD is circumscribed to the sequential enhancement of the optical absorption in a process driven by the increase of the temperature. However, the meaning of the critical temperature has not been unambiguously established. Herein, we will discuss about the critical temperature, and the physical mechanisms involved in this process. The influence of the progressive deterioration of the thermal conductivity of the laser structure as a result of the degradation during the laser operation will be addressed.Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA302U13

The Nutritional and Social Contexts of Celiac Disease in Women: A Qualitative Study

Background: Previous studies have confirmed that women who are diagnosed with celiac disease report a lower quality of life than men who are diagnosed with the same illness. Purpose: This article describes the life experiences of women with celiac disease, especially those who adhere to a lifelong gluten-free diet. Methods: A phenomenological design based on the Giorgi method was used. Twenty-two women who were diagnosed with celiac disease and were between 16 and 75 years old completed the semistructured interviews. Results: The results showed that celiac disease has differing effects on the lives of women sufferers. The general feeling of being a woman with celiac disease was described as an effort toward achieving a normalized life. Four categories emerged from the results: feelings at diagnosis, limitations in daily life, social perceptions of the illness, and personal meanings of celiac disease. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: This study shows that celiac disease and its treatment reduce mental and social quality of life in women. Organizations and public institutions should carry out public awareness campaigns targeting celiac disease and promote quality of life in sufferers of celiac disease in general

Commitment, perception and evidence-based practice training in Spanish nursing students: A multicentre cross-sectional study in 2020

Aims and objectives: To evaluate the commitment and level of self-perceived training in evidence-based practice among students of the Nursing degree of five Spanish universities. Background: In university Health Sciences degrees, evidence-based clinical practice can directly or indirectly impact the quality of care, the cost of the service provided and the safety of clinical practice. Design: Multicentre cross-sectional observational study according to STROBE guidelines. Methods: The evidence-based skills in Practice questionnaire (CACH-PBE, for its acronym in Spanish) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Student Scale (UWES-9S) were used. The study was performed in five Spanish universities (Alicante, Castilla La Mancha, Jaen, Huelva and Seville) from October to December 2020, with 755 participants (Nursing students). Results: A total mean score of 91.9 points (SD = 11.81) was observed for the CACH-PBE questionnaire and of 36.8 points (SD = 8.48 points) for the UWES-9S. In addition, the multivariate analysis predicted that variables such as sex, academia, university, intention to do a Master or Doctorate degree, the level of work engagement, and the previous training in evidence-based clinical practice were associated with a greater perception of evidence-based practice. Conclusion: The sample of Nursing degree students has intermediate-high levels of knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding evidence-based practice and work commitment, with differences observed between each of the universities. Relevance to clinical practice: Nursing students should develop from intermediate to high levels of knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding evidence-based practice and work commitment. There are various actions to promote EBP, such as the incorporation of a specific course covering the subject into the nursing curriculum, and the selection, for clinical practices, of care units that implemented evidence-based care

Using mixed-methods research to study the quality of life of coeliac women

Aims and objectives. To research the quality of life of Spanish women with coeliac disease. Background. Women with coeliac disease express lower quality of life than men with coeliac disease. Design. Explanatory sequential approach using mixed methods and with a gender perspective. Methods. The research was carried out between May and July 2015. In its quantitative stage, it aimed to determine the health-related quality of life in a representative sample (n = 1097) of Spanish adult women with coeliac disease using a specific questionnaire named Coeliac Disease-Quality of Life. In its qualitative phase, it aimed to describe the life experiences of a woman with coeliac disease in a qualitative manner by means of interviews (n = 19) with a semistructured script. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and presented in descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using the directed content analysis. Results. The quantitative process gave us the values on the four aspects studied: dysphoria, disease limitations, health problems and inadequate treatment. These aspects allowed us to create a qualitative process, based on which we generated an interview, from which four larger categories emerged. These categories were feelings at diagnosis, limitations in day-to-day life, social perceptions of the disease and personal meanings of coeliac disease. Thus, both phases of our project are totally connected. There was a high level of congruence between quantitative scores and narratives. Conclusion. This study shows us the strong points of mixed-methods strategy in health sciences. The mixed-methods strategy gave us a wider view of the experience of women living with coeliac disease. In our case, a strength and not a limitation is having performed the quality of life study in women with coeliac disease using a mixed methodology, approaching the experience of being a woman with coeliac disease in Spain in two different but complementary ways. The quantitative and qualitative data allowed us to interpret the experiences of our participants