Ihmisen toiminnasta ympäristöön kohdistuva kuormitus Etelä-Savossa 2005

Julkaisu sisältää tietoa Etelä-Savon ympäristökeskuksen toiminta-alueella (Etelä-Savon maakunta) aiheutuvasta ympäristökuormituksesta. Tiedot on koottu Ympäristöhallinnon ylläpitämästä Valvonta- ja kuormitustietojärjestelmästä (VAHTI), jonne ympäristölupavelvolliset vuosittain ilmoittavat tiedot mm. ilma- ja vesipäästöistä sekä jätemääristä. Raportti keskittyy vuoden 2005 tietoihin, mutta osa tiedoista on aikaisemmilta vuosilta, jos vuoden 2005 tietoja ei ole ollut saatavilla. Raporttiin on koottu tietoa myös aikaisempien vuosien kuormituksesta, jotta voidaan seurata kuormituksen kehittymistä. Ihmisen aiheuttama ympäristökuormitus Etelä-Savossa on erittäin vähäistä verrattuna muuhun Suomeen. Etelä- Savosta puuttuu lähes kokonaan suuret teollisuuslaitokset, jotka ovat suuria piste-kuormittajia. Maakunnan asukasmäärä ja –tiheys ovat pieniä verrattuna keskimäärin muuhun Suomeen, jolloin yhdyskuntien pistekuormittajat (esim. voimalaitokset ja jätevedenpuhdistamot) ovat kooltaan melko pieniä ja kuormitus vähäistä

Pintakasvillisuuden vaikutus männyn luontaiseen uudistamiseen Koillis-Lapissa

TutkimusselosteSeloste artikkelista: Hyppönen, M., Hallikainen, V., Niemelä, J. & Rautio, P. 2013. The contradictory role of understory vegetation on the success of Scots pine regeneration. Silva Fennica 47(1), article id 903

The contradictory role of understory vegetation on the success of Scots pine regeneration.

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Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland.

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Poron laidunnuksen ja metsätalouden vaikutukset maajäkäliin

TutkimusselosteSeloste artikkelista: Akujärvi, A., Hallikainen, V., Hyppönen, M., Mattila, E., Mikkola, K. & Rautio, P. 2014. Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland. Silva Fennica 48(3), article id 1153

Manipulating overstory density and mineral soil exposure for optimal natural regeneration of Scots pine

In northern boreal region the growth of forests is slow, and yield and profit are low, which is why low refor-estation costs are important for profitable forestry. If natural regeneration is successful, expensive artificial forest regeneration (planting or direct seeding) can be avoided. In this study, we look at the impact of overstory density and site preparation on natural regeneration and seedling growth of Scots pine. Study stands were established in different parts of Northern Finland and in each stand following treatments: 50, 150 and 250 trees ha-1 or unthinned control, where the stand density was >= 250 trees ha-1, were randomly allocated to experimental plots. In addition, site preparation (disc trenching, 4000-5000 m ha-1) was carried out on two experimental plots in which tree density was either 50 or 150 trees ha-1. In the experimental stands seedling number, age and growth were monitored for 11 years. Monitoring revealed that the number of seedlings increased with decreasing tree density. Average seedling height growth was very low or even non-existent in the unthinned control and in the densest (250 trees ha-1) treatment, but increased when the density of trees decreased. The highest seedling number and the highest growth were achieved when the tree density was 50 trees ha-1 and the soil was prepared to expose mineral soil. Achieving e.g. 2000 seedlings ha-1, would need about 40% exposition of mineral soil. The required low tree density implies that not only seed supply from seed trees and site preparation is important for regeneration success in northern boreal Scots pine forests but also the reduction of competition by mature trees

Evaluation of Novel Imidazotetrazine Analogues Designed to Overcome Temozolomide Resistance and Glioblastoma Regrowth

The cellular responses to two new temozolomide (TMZ) analogues, DP68 and DP86, acting against glioblastoma multi- forme (GBM) cell lines and primary culture models are reported. Dose–response analysis of cultured GBM cells revealed that DP68 is more potent than DP86 and TMZ and that DP68 was effective even in cell lines resistant to TMZ. On the basis of a serial neurosphere assay, DP68 inhibits repop- ulation of these cultures at low concentrations. The efficacy of these compounds was independent of MGMT and MMR func- tions. DP68-induced interstrand DNA cross-links were dem- onstrated with H2O2-treated cells. Furthermore, DP68 induced a distinct cell–cycle arrest with accumulation of cells in S phase that is not observed for TMZ. Consistent with this biologic response, DP68 induces a strong DNA damage response, including phosphorylation of ATM, Chk1 and Chk2 kinases, KAP1, and histone variant H2AX. Suppression of FANCD2 expression or ATR expression/kinase activity enhanced anti- glioblastoma effects of DP68. Initial pharmacokinetic analysis revealed rapid elimination of these drugs from serum. Collec- tively, these data demonstrate that DP68 is a novel and potent antiglioblastoma compound that circumvents TMZ resistance, likely as a result of its independence from MGMT and mismatch repair and its capacity to cross-link strands of DN

Sote-ajanvarauspalvelujen asiakkaan kalenterirajapinta : iCalendar-soveltamisohje v. 0.6

Tämä dokumentti on soveltamisohje iCalendar-standardin mukaisten kalenterimerkintöjen hyödyntämiseen sähköisissä sote-ajanvarauspalveluissa. Dokumentti on tuotettu SADe-ohjelman Sote-palvelukokonaisuuden ajanvarauspalvelujen tukiprojektin, HyvisSADe-projektin sekä AVPH (Ajanvaraus ja palvelunhallinta)-toteutusprojektin yhteistyössä

Effects of site preparation and reindeer grazing on the early-stage success of Scots pine regeneration from seeds in northern Finland and Sweden

The importance of sufficient soil scarification to ensure the regeneration of Scots pine on sub-dry and more fertile sites has been emphasized in many studies. Here we aimed to study, how site preparation intensity affects the early success of natural regeneration and sowing (bare seeds and seed pellets) of Scots pine with or without the reindeer grazing. The study area was located in northern Finland and Sweden where five site preparation methods were compared: unprepared control, logging machine tracks, Huminmix (mixing the mineral soil and organic layer), disc trenching and intensive disc trenching. In each of these we used direct seeding, seed pellets and natural regeneration. Results revealed that even the lightest site preparation methods can provide sufficient regeneration results while the reindeer grazing limits the optimal regeneration result. Huminmix and even the track of the logging machine could provide satisfactory regeneration results both in direct seeding and natural regeneration. This could facilitate the coexistence of forest management, reindeer herding and other land use forms in the same stands and area. The use of seed pellets needs further research, but it may have potential due to lower consumption of seeds and less need for site preparation

Quantifying changes of the coniferous forest line in Finnish Lapland during 1983-2009

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