Blanco bajo negro. Trabajos desde lo imperceptible / 3. Freya Powell: I’ll smile and I’m not sad. Y otros pasados presentes

Podeu consultar la versió en català a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/54807 i la versió en anglès a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/54809Las instalaciones de vídeo de la primera exposición de Freya Powell en Barcelona invitan a una meditación sobre los vínculos entre la memoria y el archivo, el registro, el repertorio y las huellas de la Historia. En esta exposición se tensa un hilo entre la memoria de los condenados a muerte norteamericanos, la memoria de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la de la propia artista y los diferentes mapas del mundo creados por la historia colonial. Es un hilo que pregunta por nuestro vínculo no solo con las voces y las palabras archivadas, sino con ésas que queremos recoger y recibir

To Help or Punish in the Face of Unfairness: Men and Women Prefer Mutually-Beneficial Strategies over Punishment in a Sexual Selection Contest

Consistent with a sexual selection account of cooperation, based on female choice, men, in romantic contexts, in general display mutually-beneficial behaviour and women choose men who do so. This evidence is based on a two-choice-architecture (cooperate or not). Here we extend this to include punishment options using a four-choice-architecture (‘punishing a transgressor’, ‘compensating a victim’, ‘both punishing and compensating’ or ‘doing nothing’). Both compensation (a self-serving mutually-beneficial behaviour) and self-serving punishment, are associated with positive mate qualities. We test which is preferred by males and chosen by female undergraduates. We further explore effects of trait empathy and political ideology on these preferences. In a series of three studies using a third-party punishment and compensation (3PPC) game we show (Study One), that romantically-primed undergraduate males, express a preference to either ‘compensate’ or ‘both compensate and punish’, and undergraduate women find males who ‘compensate’ or ‘compensate and punish’ the most attractive (Studies Two and Three). Compensating men are perceived as compassionate, fair and strong by undergraduate women (Study Three). High trait empathy (Studies One and Three) and a left-wing political ideology (Study Three) are associated with a preference for compensation. Thus, self-serving mutually-beneficial behaviour can be preferred over self-serving punishment as a signal of mate quality in undergraduates. Implications for the evolution of cooperation are discussed with respect to sexual selection

Inhibition of placental mTOR signaling provides a link between placental malaria and reduced birthweight

BACKGROUND: Placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria can trigger intervillositis, a local inflammatory response more strongly associated with low birthweight than placental malaria infection alone. Fetal growth (and therefore birthweight) is dependent on placental amino acid transport, which is impaired in placental malaria-associated intervillositis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, a pathway known to regulate amino acid transport, is inhibited in placental malaria-associated intervillositis, contributing to lower birthweight. METHODS: We determined the link between intervillositis, mTOR signaling activity, and amino acid uptake in tissue biopsies from both uninfected placentas and malaria-infected placentas with and without intervillositis, and in an in vitro model using primary human trophoblast (PHT) cells. RESULTS: We demonstrated that (1) placental mTOR activity is lower in cases of placental malaria with intervillositis, (2) placental mTOR activity is negatively correlated with the degree of inflammation, and (3) inhibition of placental mTOR activity is associated with reduced placental amino acid uptake and lower birthweight. In PHT cells, we showed that (1) inhibition of mTOR signaling is a mechanistic link between placental malaria-associated intervillositis and decreased amino acid uptake and (2) constitutive mTOR activation partially restores amino acid uptake. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the concept that inhibition of placental mTOR signaling constitutes a mechanistic link between placental malaria-associated intervillositis and decreased amino acid uptake, which may contribute to lower birthweight. Restoring placental mTOR signaling in placental malaria may increase birthweight and improve neonatal survival, representing a new potential therapeutic approach

Follow-up of phase I trial of adalimumab and rosiglitazone in FSGS: III. Report of the FONT study group

Abstract Background Patients with resistant primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are at high risk of progression to chronic kidney disease stage V. Antifibrotic agents may slow or halt this process. We present outcomes of follow-up after a Phase I trial of adalimumab and rosiglitazone, antifibrotic drugs tested in the Novel Therapies in Resistant FSGS (FONT) study. Methods 21 patients -- 12 males and 9 females, age 16.0 ± 7.5 yr, and estimated GFR (GFRe) 121 ± 56 mL/min/1.73 m2 -- received adalimumab (n = 10), 24 mg/m2 every 14 days or rosiglitazone (n = 11), 3 mg/m2 per day for 16 weeks. The change in GFRe per month prior to entry and after completion of the Phase I trial was compared. Results 19 patients completed the 16-week FONT treatment phase. The observation period pre-FONT was 18.3 ± 10.2 months and 16.1 ± 5.7 months after the study. A similar percentage of patients, 71% and 56%, in the rosiglitazone and adalimumab cohorts, respectively, had stabilization in GFRe, defined as a reduced negative slope of the line plotting GFRe versus time without requiring renal replacement therapy after completion of the FONT treatment period (P = 0.63). Conclusion Nearly 50% of patients with resistant FSGS who receive novel antifibrotic agents may have a legacy effect with delayed deterioration in kidney function after completion of therapy. Based on this proof-of-concept preliminary study, we recommend long-term follow-up of patients enrolled in clinical trials to ascertain a more comprehensive assessment of the efficacy of experimental treatments

Cycle: White under Black. Works from the imperceptible / 3. Freya Powell: I’ll smile and I’m not sad, and other past presents

Podeu consultar la versió en català a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/54807 i la versió en castellà a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/54808The video installations of Freya Powell's first exhibition in Barcelona call for an analysis of the links between memory and the archive, between compilation, registration, and the traces of History. Powell's work establishes a fine link between the memory of those sentenced to death in the United States, the memory of the Second World War, the artist's own memory, and the different world maps produced by colonial history. This link forces us to take into account our own connection not only with the voices and words that have been archived, but also with those voices that we want to hear and register

Blanc sota negre. Treballs des de l'imperceptible / 3. Freya Powell: I'll smile and I'm not sad. I altres passats presents

Podeu consultar la versió en castellà a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/54808 i la versió en anglès a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/54809Les instal·lacions de vídeo de la primera exposició de Freya Powell a Barcelona conviden a una meditació dels vincles entre la memòria i l'arxiu, l'enregistrament, el repertori i les traces de la Història. En aquesta exposició es tensa un fil entre la memòria dels condemnats a mort nordamericans, la memòria de la Segona Guerra Mundial, la de l'artista pròpia i els diferents mapes del món sota la història colonial. És un fil que pregunta pel nostre vincle no només amb les veus i les paraules arxivades, sinó amb aquelles que volem recollir i rebre

RSOS_Altruism_Wins_Out_Expt_3

Data from Experiment three in “To Help or Punish in the Face of Unfairness: Men and Women Prefer Mutually-Beneficial Strategies over Punishment in a Sexual Selection Context” By Eamonn Ferguson, Erin Quigley, Georgia Powell, Liam Stewart, Freya Harrison, and Holly Tallentir

RSOS_Altruism_Wins_Out_Expt_1

Data from Experiment one in “To Help or Punish in the Face of Unfairness: Men and Women Prefer Mutually-Beneficial Strategies over Punishment in a Sexual Selection Context” By Eamonn Ferguson, Erin Quigley, Georgia Powell, Liam Stewart, Freya Harrison, and Holly Tallentir