Uma academia engajada: entrevista com Eva Alcántara Zavala e sua aliança com o movimento intersexo mexicano

Em março de 2021, a pesquisadora mexicana e aliada do movimento intersex Eva Alcántara Zavala nos concedeu uma entrevista em que recorda sua atuação profissional em favor dos direitos de pessoas intersexo no México, avalia o contexto de saúde e cuidados para essa população no país e analisa as articulações dos ativismos locais e globais. A entrevista, transcrição, tradução e edição foram realizadas por Amiel Vieira, Anacely Costa, Barbara Pires e Marina Cortez, organizador/as do dossiê.Em março de 2021, a pesquisadora mexicana e aliada do movimento intersex Eva Alcántara Zavala nos concedeu uma entrevista em que recorda sua atuação profissional em favor dos direitos de pessoas intersexo no México, avalia o contexto de saúde e cuidados para essa população no país e analisa as articulações dos ativismos locais e globais. A entrevista, transcrição, tradução e edição foram realizadas por Amiel Vieira, Anacely Costa, Barbara Pires e Marina Cortez, organizador/as do dossiê.Em março de 2021, a pesquisadora mexicana e aliada do movimento intersex Eva Alcántara Zavala nos concedeu uma entrevista em que recorda sua atuação profissional em favor dos direitos de pessoas intersexo no México, avalia o contexto de saúde e cuidados para essa população no país e analisa as articulações dos ativismos locais e globais. A entrevista, transcrição, tradução e edição foram realizadas por Amiel Vieira, Anacely Costa, Barbara Pires e Marina Cortez, organizador/as do dossiê

Intersexualidade: desafios de gênero

O tema da intersexualidade não é nenhuma novidade. Sua etimologia carrega impressionante simbolismo em cada tempo histórico, apontando para algumas variabilidades terminológicas, como a longa tematização em torno do hermafroditismo. Com a emergência moderna do dispositivo da sexualidade (FOUCAULT, 2012) está mais do que reconhecido que foi produzida uma profusão de saberes e de poderes em torno do sexo com o objetivo de reconhecê-lo e regulá-lo melhor.O tema da intersexualidade não é nenhuma novidade. Sua etimologia carrega impressionante simbolismo em cada tempo histórico, apontando para algumas variabilidades terminológicas, como a longa tematização em torno do hermafroditismo. Com a emergência moderna do dispositivo da sexualidade (FOUCAULT, 2012) está mais do que reconhecido que foi produzida uma profusão de saberes e de poderes em torno do sexo com o objetivo de reconhecê-lo e regulá-lo melhor.O tema da intersexualidade não é nenhuma novidade. Sua etimologia carrega impressionante simbolismo em cada tempo histórico, apontando para algumas variabilidades terminológicas, como a longa tematização em torno do hermafroditismo. Com a emergência moderna do dispositivo da sexualidade (FOUCAULT, 2012) está mais do que reconhecido que foi produzida uma profusão de saberes e de poderes em torno do sexo com o objetivo de reconhecê-lo e regulá-lo melhor

A excepcionalidade da América Latina: uma entrevista com Mauro Cabral sobre os desafios e avanços da militância intersexo

Em abril de 2021, o ativista intersex argentino Mauro Cabral nos concedeu uma entrevista em que fala de sua trajetória pessoal e profissional em defesa dos direitos humanos, analisa os desafios do movimento, a conjuntura atual mais favorável na Argentina, além de apontar o que espera para o futuro do ativismo e da governança internacional sobre o tema. A entrevista, transcrição, tradução e edição foram realizadas por Amiel Vieira, Anacely Costa, Barbara Pires e Marina Cortez, organizador/as do dossiê.Em abril de 2021, o ativista intersex argentino Mauro Cabral nos concedeu uma entrevista em que fala de sua trajetória pessoal e profissional em defesa dos direitos humanos, analisa os desafios do movimento, a conjuntura atual mais favorável na Argentina, além de apontar o que espera para o futuro do ativismo e da governança internacional sobre o tema. A entrevista, transcrição, tradução e edição foram realizadas por Amiel Vieira, Anacely Costa, Barbara Pires e Marina Cortez, organizador/as do dossiê.Em abril de 2021, o ativista intersex argentino Mauro Cabral nos concedeu uma entrevista em que fala de sua trajetória pessoal e profissional em defesa dos direitos humanos, analisa os desafios do movimento, a conjuntura atual mais favorável na Argentina, além de apontar o que espera para o futuro do ativismo e da governança internacional sobre o tema. A entrevista, transcrição, tradução e edição foram realizadas por Amiel Vieira, Anacely Costa, Barbara Pires e Marina Cortez, organizador/as do dossiê

Survey on the risk factors for cervical cancer known by biomedicine students

The development of cervical cancer is related with human papillomavirus infection with greater intensity the subtypes 16 and 18. Considering that the lifestyle of women influences the development of this cancer, this study aimed to perform a survey on the risk factors for cervical cancer known by biomedicine students. Descriptive and exploratory research, with a quantitative approach was performed with 101 biomedical undergraduates. Data were collected from February to March 2018 through a questionnaire and analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Science program. Students in the age group of 18 to 24 years old (89.11%), single (93.07%), with family income between two and three minimum wages prevailed (43.56%). It also showed that participants started their sexual life early (average 16 years old), had more than one sexual partner throughout their lives, had no relation to smoking (100%), most were not alcohol consumers (66%), did not take the Papanicolaou preventive exam (61.39%), did not practice physical activity (55.45%) and had a low frequency in the use of condoms during sexual intercourse (22.08%). It is concluded that there is a need for educational campaigns in Higher Education Institutions, which provide more information about the prevention of Cervical Cancer and the prevention of associated risk factors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A MATEMÁTICA NA FORMAÇÃO DO ENGENHEIRO DE PRODUÇÃO: VISÕES DE UM COORDENADOR DE CURSO, DE UM DOCENTE E DE SETE EGRESSOS

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Burden of disease attributable to risk factors in European countries: a scoping literature review

Objectives: Within the framework of the burden of disease (BoD) approach, disease, and injury burden estimates attributable to risk factors are a useful guide for policy formulation and priority setting in disease prevention. Considering the important differences in methods, and their impact on burden estimates, we conducted a scoping literature review to: (1) map the BoD assessments including risk factors performed across Europe, and (2) identify the methodological choices in comparative risk assessment (CRA) and risk assessment methods. Methods: We searched multiple literature databases, including grey literature websites, and targeted public health agencies' websites. Results: A total of 113 studies were included in the synthesis and further divided into independent BoD assessments (54 studies) and studies linked to the Global Burden of Disease (59 papers). Our results showed that the methods used to perform CRA varied substantially across independent European BoD studies. While there were some methodological choices that were more common than others, we did not observe patterns in terms of country, year, or risk factor. Each methodological choice can affect the comparability of estimates between and within countries and/or risk factors since they might significantly influence the quantification of the attributable burden. From our analysis, we observed that the use of CRA was less common for some types of risk factors and outcomes. These included environmental and occupational risk factors, which are more likely to use bottom-up approaches for health outcomes where disease envelopes may not be available. Conclusions: Our review also highlighted misreporting, the lack of uncertainty analysis, and the under-investigation of causal relationships in BoD studies. Development and use of guidelines for performing and reporting BoD studies will help understand differences, and avoid misinterpretations thus improving comparability among estimates.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Burden of disease attributable to risk factors in European countries: a scoping literature review

Objectives: Within the framework of the burden of disease (BoD) approach, disease, and injury burden estimates attributable to risk factors are a useful guide for policy formulation and priority setting in disease prevention. Considering the important differences in methods, and their impact on burden estimates, we conducted a scoping literature review to: (1) map the BoD assessments including risk factors performed across Europe, and (2) identify the methodological choices in comparative risk assessment (CRA) and risk assessment methods. Methods: We searched multiple literature databases, including grey literature websites, and targeted public health agencies' websites. Results: A total of 113 studies were included in the synthesis and further divided into independent BoD assessments (54 studies) and studies linked to the Global Burden of Disease (59 papers). Our results showed that the methods used to perform CRA varied substantially across independent European BoD studies. While there were some methodological choices that were more common than others, we did not observe patterns in terms of country, year, or risk factor. Each methodological choice can affect the comparability of estimates between and within countries and/or risk factors since they might significantly influence the quantification of the attributable burden. From our analysis, we observed that the use of CRA was less common for some types of risk factors and outcomes. These included environmental and occupational risk factors, which are more likely to use bottom-up approaches for health outcomes where disease envelopes may not be available. Conclusions: Our review also highlighted misreporting, the lack of uncertainty analysis, and the under-investigation of causal relationships in BoD studies. Development and use of guidelines for performing and reporting BoD studies will help understand differences, and avoid misinterpretations thus improving comparability among estimates.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit